28 research outputs found

    Screening of West Siberian patients with primary congenital glaucoma for CYP1B1 gene mutations

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    Primary congenital glaucoma (PΠ‘G) is a visual organ pathology that leads to progressive blindness and poor vision in children. Its main cause is an anomaly of the anterior chamber angle. Most cases of PΠ‘G are sporadic, but familial cases with an autosomal recessive (predominantly) and autosomal dominant (rare) type of inheritance have been described. Congenital glaucoma is a rare condition (1 case per 10,000–20,000 newborns), but its prevalence is substantially higher (up to 1 case per 250 newborns) in countries where consanguineous marriages are common. Mutations in the CYP1B1 gene, which encodes cytochrome P450 1B1, are the most common cause of autosomal recessive primary congenital glaucoma. This enzyme is known to be involved in retinoic acid metabolism and is necessary for normal eye development. The aim of this work was to assess the polymorphism of the CYP1B1Β gene among West Siberian patients with primary congenital glaucoma. Direct automatic Sanger sequencing of exons and adjacent splicing sites of the CYP1B1 gene was carried out in 28 people with the PCG phenotype from a West Siberian region. As a result, in the sample of the white population we examined, pathogenic variants previously described in other ethnic groups were revealed: E387K (rs55989760), R444* (rs377049098), R444Q (rs72549376), and P437L (rs56175199), as well as novel single-nucleotide deletion p.F114Lfs*38 in the CYP1B1 gene. The latter can cause a frame shift, changed amino acid composition, and a formation of truncated in the protein. None of the detected mutations were found in the control sample of ophthalmologically examined individuals without PCG (100Β people). Variants R444* (rs377049098) and R444Q (rs72549376) were not found in the general population sample either (576Β randomly selected West Siberia residents). All the detected mutations caused the development of the autosomal recessive form of primary congenital glaucoma. The most severe clinical phenotype was observed in carriers of mutations in codon 444 of the gene. Consequently, in children with signs of increased intraocular pressure, molecular genetic analysis of the CYP1B1 gene is advisable for early diagnosis and timely initiation of PCG therapy

    КандидСмия Ρƒ онкологичСских Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ…: фСнотипичСскиС ΠΈ молСкулярно-гСнСтичСскиС характСристики рСзистСнтности ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ лСкарствСнным срСдствам, Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² патогСнности Candida spp.

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    Relevance. The global trend of rapid increase in resistance to antifungal drugs due to multiple factors, dictates the need for continuous monitoring of taxonomic structure and susceptibility of nosocomial pathogens, causing invasive fungal infections, for permanent correction of the optimal prevention and treatment strategies.Purpose: to determine antifungal susceptibility of the main yeast pathogens in candidemia in cancer patients, as well as to determine resistance genes and pathogenic factor genes.Material and Methods. Eighty-two strains of Candida spp. isolated from blood of cancer patients from 2015 to 2021 were analyzed. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of fuconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, anidulafungin and micafungin were determined by a gradient method (E-test, BioMerieux, France). The EUCAST and CLSI criteria were used for MIC value assessment. The genes, associated with pathogenicity factors, and resistance to antifungal drugs were identifed.Results. Our study results based on EUCAST 2020, v.10.0 criteria showed that triazoles, especially fuconazole, were the least effective drugs in empirical therapy for invasive candidiasis (including candidemia). Resistance of Candida spp. fuconazole was superior to that of voriconazole (47.2 % vs 23.2 %, respectively, p<0.01) and posaconazole (47.2 % vs 30.4 %, respectively, p><0.05). The highest in vitro activity was observed in echinocandins, and anidulafungin was 2 times more active than micafungin (4.1 % of resistant strains vs 11.4 %, respectively), with no statistically signifcant difference (p>0.05). The ERG11 and FKS1 genes associated with resistance to antifungal drugs were detected in 28.6 % of Candida spp. strains. The ERG11 gene was detected in 8.6 % of cases, exclusively in Candida albicans strains. The FKS1 gene was identifed in 20.0 % of strains (85.7 % of them were C. parapsilosis, 7.1 % each were C. tropicalis and C. glabrata). Pathogenic factor genes were identifed in 78.6 % of C. albicans and in 79.1 % of C. parapsilosis strains.Conclusion. Molecular genetic methods for the detection of Candida spp strains carrying resistance genes to antifungal drugs, and the determination of pathogenicity factors are promising trends in searching for biomarkers. They facilitate interpretation of results of microbiological study to assess the ability of Candida spp. strains to develop invasive mycoses.ΠΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. ΠœΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ тСндСнция ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ увСличСния уровня рСзистСнтности ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ, которая связана со ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π΄ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ постоянного ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Π° таксономичСской структуры Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π³Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΊ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΡƒΠ½Π³Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ лСкарствСнным срСдствам с Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒΡŽ постоянной ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ лСчСния ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π³Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ.ЦСль исслСдования – ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΊ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΡƒΠ½Π³Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ основных Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ Ρƒ онкологичСских Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ…, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² рСзистСнтности ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² патогСнности.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 82 ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° Candida spp., Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ онкологичСских Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 2015–21 Π³Π³. ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Ρ„Π»ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»Π°, Π²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»Π°, Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΠ»Π°Ρ„ΡƒΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ„ΡƒΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ½Π° выполняли Π³Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ (Π•-тСст, BioMerieux, France). Для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ МИК использовали ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ EUCAST ΠΈ CLSI. ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‹, ассоциированныС с Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ патогСнности ΠΈ рСзистСнтности ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ лСкарствСнным срСдствам.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. По Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ нашСго исслСдования (ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ EUCAST) Π² качСствС эмпиричСской Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ·Π° (Π² Ρ‚. Ρ‡. ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ) Π½Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ эффСктивными ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρ‹, особСнно Ρ„Π»ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ», ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡƒ статистичСски Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Ρ‡Π°Ρ‰Π΅ ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ Candida spp. рСзистСнтны ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с Π²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ (47,2 % ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ² 23,2 %, p<0,01) ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ (47,2 % ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ² 30,4 %, p><0,05). Наибольшая Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ in vitro отмСчаСтся Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ эхинокандинов, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΠ»Π°Ρ„ΡƒΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ½ Π² 2 Ρ€Π°Π·Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ„ΡƒΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ½Π° (4,1 % рСзистСнтных ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ² 11,4 %), Π½ΠΎ статистичСски Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом Π½Π΅ выявлСно. Π“Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ERG11 ΠΈ FKS1, ассоциированныС с Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ, Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ выявлСны Ρƒ 28,6 % ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² Candida spp.. Π“Π΅Π½ ERG11 Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π² 8,6 % случаСв, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΠΌ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρƒ ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² Candida albicans. Π“Π΅Π½ FKS1 ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ Ρƒ 20,0 % ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² (85,7 % – C. parapsilosis, ΠΏΠΎ 7,1 % – C. tropicalis ΠΈ C. glabrata). Π“Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² патогСнности ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρƒ 78,6 % ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² C. albicans ΠΈ Ρƒ 79,1 % изолятов C. parapsilosis. Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠœΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡΡ€Π½ΠΎ-гСнСтичСскиС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ выявлСния ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² Candida spp., нСсущих Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‹ рСзистСнтности ΠΊ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΡƒΠ½Π³Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² патогСнности –><Β  0,01) ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ (47,2 % ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ² 30,4 %, p<0,05). Наибольшая Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ in vitro отмСчаСтся Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ эхинокандинов, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΠ»Π°Ρ„ΡƒΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ½ Π² 2 Ρ€Π°Π·Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ„ΡƒΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ½Π° (4,1 % рСзистСнтных ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ² 11,4 %), Π½ΠΎ статистичСски Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом Π½Π΅ выявлСно. Π“Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ERG11 ΠΈ FKS1, ассоциированныС с Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ, Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ выявлСны Ρƒ 28,6 % ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² Candida spp.. Π“Π΅Π½ ERG11 Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π² 8,6 % случаСв, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΠΌ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρƒ ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² Candida albicans. Π“Π΅Π½ FKS1 ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ Ρƒ 20,0 % ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² (85,7 % – C. parapsilosis, ΠΏΠΎ 7,1 % – C. tropicalis ΠΈ C. glabrata). Π“Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² патогСнности ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρƒ 78,6 % ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² C. albicans ΠΈ Ρƒ 79,1 % изолятов C. parapsilosis. Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠœΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡΡ€Π½ΠΎ-гСнСтичСскиС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ выявлСния ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² Candida spp., нСсущих Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‹ рСзистСнтности ΠΊ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΡƒΠ½Π³Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² патогСнности –>< 0,05). Наибольшая Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ in vitro отмСчаСтся Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ эхинокандинов, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΠ»Π°Ρ„ΡƒΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ½ Π² 2 Ρ€Π°Π·Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ„ΡƒΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ½Π° (4,1 % рСзистСнтных ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ² 11,4 %), Π½ΠΎ статистичСски Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом Π½Π΅ выявлСно. Π“Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ERG11 ΠΈ FKS1, ассоциированныС с Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ, Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ выявлСны Ρƒ 28,6 % ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² Candida spp.. Π“Π΅Π½ ERG11 Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π² 8,6 % случаСв, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΠΌ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρƒ ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² Candida albicans. Π“Π΅Π½ FKS1 ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ Ρƒ 20,0 % ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² (85,7 % – C. parapsilosis, ΠΏΠΎ 7,1 % – C. tropicalis ΠΈ C. glabrata). Π“Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² патогСнности ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρƒ 78,6 % ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² C. albicans ΠΈ Ρƒ 79,1 % изолятов C. parapsilosis.Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠœΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡΡ€Π½ΠΎ-гСнСтичСскиС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ выявлСния ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² Candida spp., нСсущих Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‹ рСзистСнтности ΠΊ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΡƒΠ½Π³Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² патогСнности – это пСрспСктивныС направлСния для поиска Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π³Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Ρƒ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² микробиологичСского исслСдования ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ способности ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² Candida spp. ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ²

    AGE- MACULAR DEGENERATION AND GLAUCOMA. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND CLINIC-PATHOGENETIC ASPECTS

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    Nowadays age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and glaucoma are the main causes of the irreversible loss of sight in the developed countries. The analysis of 5000 of out-patient records of senior patients (over 50 years) has revealed glaucoma in 30.3 %, AMD in 37.94 %, and their combination in 20.3 % cases. In AMD, the structure signs of the dry form of the disease are diagnosed in 74 % of the cases, the geographical atrophy in 12 % and the wet atrophy - in 14 %. Primary open-angle glaucoma reduces risk of the wet AMD development while the tendency of early formation of the geographical atrophy of the retina increases and the share of the patients with the wet form goes down to 7 %. The article is intended to scrutinize the main pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of the diseases. Distinctions in the quantitative and qualitative components of biomarkers of the oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and inflammation are analysed as predictors of the start and development of comorbid pathology. This allows to identify the risk groups and therapy prospects. The vascular theory of pathogenesis related to the reduction of the perfusion of the head of the optic nerve, retina and chorioidea defines the diagnostic importance of the layer thickness parameters of the peripapillar nervous fibers and ganglion cell in differential diagnostics of this pathology. Application of anti-VEGF to patients with AMD and glaucoma is harmless and does not significantly influence the level of intraocular pressure and intraocular blood circulation. However, it requires careful monitoring of dynamics of the visual-functional and structural changes of the retina and optic nerve, as well as timely therapy correction. A combined course of the diseases with neurodegenerative nature of lesion leads to decrease of not only visual, but also cognitive functions, significantly influences of the senior age group patients’ quality of life and their adaptation in society
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