METHODS EFFICIENCY USING SECONDARY ENERGY RESOURCES

The article discusses energy-saving technologies and the efficient use of secondary energy resources at the enterprises of the oil and gas industry. Calculations show that, due to the introduction of regeneration (plate regenerator), the heat of exhaust gases, fuel gas saving, compared with no regeneration, efficiency can reach 30-40% with a regeneration factor of 0.80-0.90. Increasing the efficiency by 5%, for example, for one unit of a gas turbine unit will save 140-180 m3 / h of fuel gas or 0.9-1.1 mln. m3 per year. For promising gas turbine installations, the coefficient of efficient use of fuel heat can reach up to 80% and higher; of them for the increase in power on the shaft of the supercharger 35-40%, and the rest due to the rational use of the heat of exhaust gases

Helminth parasites of fish of the Kazakhstan sector of the Caspian Sea and associated drainage basin

The northern section of the Caspian Sea is an important fishery for Kazakhstan. In the present study, a total of 606 individuals of 13 fish species were collected. For each of Abramis brama, Alosa saposchnikowii, Atherina boyeri caspia, Carassius auratus, Clupeonella cultriventris, Cyprinus carpio, Liza aurata, Leuciscus aspius, Rutilus rutilus caspius, Sander lucioperca, Sander marinus, and Sander volgensis 50 individuals were examined whilst 6 individuals of Siluris glanis were examined. The nematode parasite Anisakis schupakovi was found in all fish species except Liza aurata, Carassius aurata, Cyprinus carpio and Rutilus rutilus at intensities ranging from 1 to 1197 parasites per infected fish. Trematodes of family Diplostomidae were also isolated from all fish except Alosa saposhnikowii, Clupeonella cultriventris and Sander marinus at intensities ranging from 1 to 242 parasites per infected fish. Other parasites found included the nematodes Porrocaecum reticulatum, Contracecum sp, Camallanus sp and Eustrongylus excisus; the cestodes Neogryporhynchus cheilancristrotus, Bothriocephalus opsariichthydis; the monogenean parasites Mazocraes alosa, Ancyrocephalus paradocus, Gyrodactylus spp, Ligophorus vanbenedenii and Dactylogyrus spp; and the crustacean parasites Ergasilus sp. and Synergasilus sp. In addition one unidentified species of nematode and a bivalve of the genus Unio was recovered from Rutilus rutilus caspius. There was no association between Fulton’s condition index and intensity of parasite infection