Composition of South Dakota Silages

Questions are sometimes raised about the nutritional quality of silages which are harvested and put up in South Dakota. Therefore, chemical data on 1973-75 samples from throughout South Dakota were averaged and subjected to statistical treatment by the coefficient of variation methods. Comparisons were made with United States values on similar feed as reported in the Atlas of Nutritional Data on United States and Canadian Feeds and published by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS, 1971). Total digestible nutrient values (TDN\u27s) were calculated on the South Dakota feeds by use of the digestion coefficients listed in the NAS (1971) reference

The Effect Of Cellulase Supplementation And Various Wheat Bran Levels In Broiler Diets

It is a widely known fact that fibrous material is generally not well assimilated by a growing chick. Furthermore, the effect on the growth of a chick sometimes may be quite derogatory, depending on the quantity of the fibrous material used in the diet. This effect is generally considered to be attributable to a reduction in the energy intake and might be caused by a specific effect of the cellulose itself or by some cellulose composition products

Archeops: an instrument for present and future cosmology

Archeops is a balloon-borne instrument dedicated to measure the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropies. It has, in the millimetre domain (from 143 to 545 GHz), a high angular resolution (about 10 arcminutes) in order to constrain high l multipoles, as well as a large sky coverage fraction (30%) in order to minimize the cosmic variance. It has linked, before WMAP, Cobe large angular scales to the first acoustic peak region. From its results, inflation motivated cosmologies are reinforced with a flat Universe (Omega_tot=1 within 3%). The dark energy density and the baryonic density are in very good agreement with other independent estimations based on supernovae measurements and big bang nucleosynthesis. Important results on galactic dust emission polarization and their implications for Planck are also addressed.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Proceedings of the Multiwavelength Cosmology Conference, June 2003, Mykonos Island, Greec

Effects Of Cellulase Supplementation And Wheat Bran On Mineral Utilization In Broilers

In this experiment, 3-week-oId broiler type chicks were assigned to 24 groups of 10 chicks each for two replicates of 12 treatments. A completely randomized experiment with a 4 x 2 factorial arrangement involved feeding 0, 10 or 20% wheat bran or 20% wheat bran plus cellulase. The birds were housed in electrically heated batteries with raised wire floors. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum. The wheat bran was defatted and the cellulase (imported from Boerhinger, Mannheim, Gmn H. W. Germany) was mixed at .008% in the total diet. The enzyme supplementation to the diet was as a dry preparation

Some Effects Of Enzyme Supplementation And Various Wheat Bran Levels In A Broiler Diet On Apparent Digestibility

It is generally recognized that birds do not have an enzyme in their digestive fluid which digests cellulose. However, cellulosic materials are major renewable resources available in large quantities which need to be properly utilized to help meet our needs for energy, chemicals, food and feed for a long-range solution. A variety of lignocellulosic materials containing acid-detergent fibers, are available and microorganisms capable of degrading either one or more of the three main constituents, viz., cellulose, hemicelluose and lignin, have been studied. A further variety of strategies are being explored, including thermal methods of degradation such as pyrolysis or biological methods such as enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation

A Systematic Literature Review of Individuals\u27 Perspectives on Privacy and Genetic Information in the United States

Concerns about genetic privacy affect individuals\u27 willingness to accept genetic testing in clinical care and to participate in genomics research. To learn what is already known about these views, we conducted a systematic review, which ultimately analyzed 53 studies involving the perspectives of 47,974 participants on real or hypothetical privacy issues related to human genetic data. Bibliographic databases included MEDLINE, Web of Knowledge, and Sociological Abstracts. Three investigators independently screened studies against predetermined criteria and assessed risk of bias. The picture of genetic privacy that emerges from this systematic literature review is complex and riddled with gaps. When asked specifically are you worried about genetic privacy, the general public, patients, and professionals frequently said yes. In many cases, however, that question was posed poorly or only in the most general terms. While many participants expressed concern that genomic and medical information would be revealed to others, respondents frequently seemed to conflate privacy, confidentiality, control, and security. People varied widely in how much control they wanted over the use of data. They were more concerned about use by employers, insurers, and the government than they were about researchers and commercial entities. In addition, people are often willing to give up some privacy to obtain other goods. Importantly, little attention was paid to understanding the factor-sociocultural, relational, and media - that influence people\u27s opinions and decisions. Future investigations should explore in greater depth which concerns about genetic privacy are most salient to people and the social forces and contexts that influence those perceptions. It is also critical to identify the social practices that will make the collection and use of these data more trustworthy for participants as well as to identify the circumstances that lead people to set aside worries and decide to participate in research

Comparison of the Energy Efficiency Prescribed by ASHRAE/ANSI/IESNA Standard 90.1-1999 and ASHRAE/ANSI/IESNA Standard 90.1-2004

This document presents the qualitative comparison of DOE’s formal determination of energy savings of ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2004. The term “qualitative” is used in the sense of identifying whether or not changes have a positive, negative, or neutral impact on energy efficiency of the standard, with no attempt made to quantify that impact. A companion document will present the quantitative comparison of DOE’s determination. The quantitative comparison will be based on whole building simulation of selected building prototypes in selected climates. This document presents a comparison of the energy efficiency requirements in ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1-1999 (herein referred to as Standard 90.1-1999) and ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1-2004 (herein referred to as Standard 90.1-2004). The comparison was done through a thorough review of all addenda to Standard 90.1-1999 that were included in the published ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2001 (herein referred to as Standard 90.1-2001) and also all addenda to Standard 90.1-2001 that were included in the published Standard 90.1-2004. A summary table showing the impact of each addendum is provided. Each addendum to both Standards 90.1-1999 and 90.1-2001 was evaluated as to its impact on the energy efficiency requirements of the standard (greater efficiency, lesser efficiency) and as to significance. The final section of this document summarizes the impacts of the various addenda and proposes which addenda should be included in the companion quantitative portion of DOE’s determination. Addenda are referred to with the nomenclature addendum 90.1-xxz, where “xx” is either “99” for 1999 or “01” for 2001, and z is the ASHRAE letter designation for the addendum. Addenda names are shown in bold face in text. DOE has chosen not to prepare a separate evaluation of Standard 90.1-2001 as that standard does not appear to improve energy efficiency in commercial buildings. What this means for the determination of energy savings for Standard 90.1-2004 is that the baseline standard for comparison is Standard 90.1-1999 and all addenda to both Standards 90.1-1999 and 90.1-2001 must be considered to determine the overall change in efficiency between Standard 90.1-1999 and Standard 90.1-2004

The Impact of Atmospheric Fluctuations on Degree-scale Imaging of the Cosmic Microwave Background

Fluctuations in the brightness of the Earth's atmosphere originating from water vapor are an important source of noise for ground-based instruments attempting to measure anisotropy in the Cosmic Microwave Background. This paper presents a model for the atmospheric fluctuations and derives simple expressions to predict the contribution of the atmosphere to experimental measurements. Data from the South Pole and from the Atacama Desert in Chile, two of the driest places on Earth, are used to assess the level of fluctuations at each site.Comment: 29 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, appears in The Astrophysical Journa

DASI First Results: A Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background Angular Power Spectrum

We present measurements of anisotropy in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) from the first season of observations with the Degree Angular Scale Interferometer (DASI). The instrument was deployed at the South Pole in the austral summer 1999--2000, and made observations throughout the following austral winter. We have measured the angular power spectrum of the CMB in the range 100<l<900 with high signal-to-noise. In this paper we review the formalism used in the analysis, in particular the use of constraint matrices to project out contaminants such as ground and point source signals, and to test for correlations with diffuse foreground templates. We find no evidence of foregrounds other than point sources in the data, and find a maximum likelihood temperature spectral index beta = -0.1 +/- 0.2 (1 sigma), consistent with CMB. We detect a first peak in the power spectrum at l approx 200, in agreement with previous experiments. In addition, we detect a peak in the power spectrum at l approx 550 and power of similar magnitude at l approx 800 which are consistent with the second and third harmonic peaks predicted by adiabatic inflationary cosmological models.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure, minor changes in response to referee comment