Impact Of Air Pollution In Tamil Nadu

This paper outlines the impact of air pollution in Tamil Nadu. Air pollution is the any form of solid, liquid and gaseous substance present in the atmosphere that may or tend to be injurious to human beings, other living creatures, plants, property or the environment in general. Air pollution is probably one of the most serious environmental problems confronting our civilization today. Most often, it is caused by human activitiessuch as mining, construction, transportation, industrial work, agriculture, smelting, etc. However, natural processes such as volcanic eruptions and wildfires may also pollute the air, but their occurrence is rare and they usually have a local effect, unlike human activities that are ubiquitous causes of air pollution and contribute to the global pollution of the air every single day

Netizens, Academicians, and Information Professionals\u27 Opinions About AI With Special Reference To ChatGPT

This study aims to understand the perceptions and opinions of academicians towards ChatGPT-3 by collecting and analyzing social media comments, and a survey was conducted with library and information science professionals. The research uses a content analysis method and finds that while ChatGPT-3 can be a valuable tool for research and writing, it is not 100% accurate and should be cross-checked. The study also finds that while some academicians may not accept ChatGPT-3, most are starting to accept it. The study is beneficial for academicians, content developers, and librarians

Convolutional Neural Networks for Medical Image Diagnosis and Prognosis

One of the most incredible machine learning methods is deep learning. Utilised for picture categorization, clinical archiving, item identification, and other purposes. The quantity of medical image archives is expanding at an alarming rate as hospitals employ digital photos for documentation more frequently. Digital imaging is essential for assessing the severity of a patient's illness. Medical imaging has a wide variety of uses in research and diagnostics. Due to recent developments in image processing technology, self-operating identification of medical photos is still a research area for computer vision researchers. We require an appropriate classifier in order to categorise medical photos using various classifiers. After organ prediction and classification, the research was modified to include medical picture recognition. For medical picture detection, pretrained convolutional networks and Kmean clustering techniques similar to those used for organ identification are employed. Separating the training from the test data allowed for the data's authentication. The application of this strategy has been proven to be most effective for categorising various medical images of human organs

A Study of Lipid Profile in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

INTRODUCTION: Hyperlipidemia, one of the important risk factor of atherosclerosis, is an abnormality commonly encountered in patients with chronic kidney disease. The increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease may be due to hyperlipidemia. Other risk factors predisposing to cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease patients include diabetes, hypertension, obesity and smoking. Dyslipoproteinemia is an additional risk factor for the progression of renal insufficiency. It has been shown in a large population of patients with chronic kidney disease that the rate of progression was significantly higher in hyperlipidemic patients compared with normolipidemic patients. The pathogenesis of chronic allograft dysfunction is complex and results from various factors. Among them hyperlipidemia is an important factor implicated in the development and progression of chronic allograft dysfunctions. In an observational study, it was found that hypertriglyceridemia and the Lp (a) >30mg/dl before and after transplantation were independent risk factors for chronic allograft dysfunction. Factors such as race, gender, age and diabetic status potentially confound the interpretation of the lipoprotein profile. Indian studies on lipid abnormalities in chronic kidney disease have not been consistent. Sharma et al., Kunde et al., found no hyperlipidemia whereas Gupta et al., Das et al., observed hypertriglyceridemia and reduced HDL levels in CKD patients as in western studies. In view of inconsistency and limited evidence in southern part of this country it was decided to study the lipid profile in our patients with chronic kidney disease. AIMS OF THE STUDY: 1. To estimate various lipid profile abnormalities in Chronic Kidney Disease patients. 2. To identify the predominant lipid pattern in chronic kidney disease patients. 3. To study the correlation between the serum creatinine levels and lipid abnormalities in Chronic Kidney Disease. 4. To estimate the prevalence of Left Vetricular Hypertrophy and Ischemic Changes in patients with chronic kidney disease. MATERIALS & METHODS: This study was conducted in 50 patients with chronic kidney disease and 50 normal healthy persons. All the patients in this study group were selected from the outpatient department and those who were admitted to Institute of Internal Medicine, Madras Medical College Hospital during June 2007 - June 2008. The controls were selected from the outpatient department who were accompanying the patients. Study Design: Cross sectional observational study Inclusion Criteria: 1. Patients between age group of 15 to 80 years with chronic kidney disease. 2. Patients with established chronic kidney disease were selected irrespective of the etiology. 3. Patients who were on conservative or dialytic treatment for chronic kidney disease. 4. Established renal failure was ensured by radiological evidence or biochemical evidence for more than 3 months. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Patients with Acute renal failure and Nephrotic Syndrome. 2. Who are on drugs affecting lipid metabolism like blockers, statins and oral contraceptive pills. 3. Female patients who were pregnant. Written consent was obtained from both patients and controls. Detailed history regarding symptoms and duration of the kidney disease, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, alcoholism, drug intake and treatment were elicited. A detailed clinical examination was performed in all patients. Blood pressure, renal function tests, abdominal ultra sonogram and Electrocardiogram were done for all patients. After 12 hours of overnight fasting blood sample was taken for lipid profile from patients and controls. Patients with chronic kidney disease and controls included in the study were matched according to age and the results were analyzed. CONCLUSION: 1. HDL-C levels were lower and triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-C levels were higher in the study group compared to controls. All were statistically significant. 2. Predominant lipid abnormality was reduced HDL-C levels. 3. There was a negative correlation exists between serum HDL-C level and serum creatinine levels which was statistically significant. 4. Percentage of patients showing ECG changes of left ventricular hypertrophy and ischemia were 30% and 20% respectively

Novel Selective Mapping with Oppositional Hosted Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm for PAPR Reduction in 5G UFMC Systems

In recent times, there is a continuous requirement of achieving high data rates owing to an increase in the number of devices and significant demand for various services with maximum reliability and minimum delay. It results in the development of fifth generation (5G) to offer better services with enhanced data rate. Recently, a major alternative to OFDM technology for 5G networks called universal filtered multi-carrier (UFMC) is presented where every individual sub-band is filtered that reduces the OOB radiation and eliminates guard band. But high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is a crucial issue which arises from the utilization of several subcarriers to generate the time domain transmission signal. For resolving this issue, this paper presents a novel selective mapping with oppositional hosted cuckoo optimization (SM-OHOCO) algorithm for PAPR reduction in 5G UFMC systems. In the SM-OHOCO algorithm, rather than the generation of several random phase sequences, SM-OHOCO algorithm is performed iteratively to attain a better solution with few searching rounds, showing the novelty of the work. As the optimization of phase sequence in the SLM technique is considered as an NP hard optimization problem, the OHOCO algorithm is applied, which is derived by incorporating the concepts of the HOCO algorithm with oppositional based learning (OBL) strategy. To validate the effective performance of the proposed SM-OHOCO algorithm, an extensive experimental analysis is performed to highlight the improved performance in 5G networks. The resultant values pointed out the superior outcome of the proposed SM-OHOCO algorithm over the other existing methods in terms of distinct measure

A prospective study of diagnostic laparoscopy in chronic abdominal pain

Chronic abdominal pain is a common complaint which is difficult to manage by both physician and surgeon. It is the 4th frequent chronic pain syndrome in general population. This condition affects the patient both physically and psychologically. More than 40% of the cases the specific etiology for chronic abdominal pain remains undiagnosed by our routine physical, laboratory and imaging. With the introduction of the diagnostic laparoscopy new tools has been added to our knowledge. Laparoscopy can identify abnormal findings and improve outcome in majority of the patients with chronic abdominal pain. This study is mainly designed to highlight the significance of laparoscopy in diagnosing the etiology of chronic abdominal pain and impact on the treatment and post-operative pain relief. Appendicular pathology is the leading cause for chronic abdominal pain of unrevealed etiology and it is about 33%, followed by adhesion is about 23%. Positive outcome is 80% in the follow up of 1 month and 90% of the patients got complete pain relief in the follow up of 3 months. Conclude that Diagnostic laparoscopy is a safe and effective tool to establish the etiology of chronic abdominal pain and allows for appropriate interventions