CITIZENSHIP IN THE STRUCTURE OF SOCIO-POLITICAL ORIENTATIONS OF RUSSIAN YOUTH: PLACE AND ROLE IN STATEHOOD STRENGTHENING

Purpose of the study: In this study, we analyze citizenship in the structure of socio-political orientations of Russian youth and explore the youth role in strengthening statehood and formation of civil society institutions. The development of active citizenship values in sociopolitical orientations of Russian youth is determined by the need to change relations between the state and society. The citizens shall develop civic responsibility and civil initiatives and control the institutions of power. Methodology: The theory of social anomie and the concept of socio-cultural crisis serve the methodological basis for this study. This theory explores the eclectic nature of citizenship ideas in the youth environment. The civilizational approach makes it possible to investigate features of citizenship idea and practice information of Western European and Russian cultural traditions. All that is methodologically significant in tracking citizenship specificity of the Russian youth. The integrated approach becomes a conceptual one in this study as it treats the citizenship of Russian youth as a complex multi-component phenomenon. This phenomenon includes moral, legal and socio-political attitudes reflecting the various aspects of relations in the "man-society-state" system. Results: We conclude that in the citizenship of Russian youth there dominate two main attitudes: liberal and paternalistic. In the liberal aspect, the young people consider citizenship to be awareness of their civil rights and responsibilities, a kind of rational and active behavior corresponding to democratic political system. Paternalistic attitudes are manifested in loyalty to the state. Paternalists consider the state to be the political institution that is solely responsible for the present and future of the young people. Applications of this study: The results allow us to understand the significance of citizenship as an ethic-legal quality of personality that strengthens Russian statehood and the importance of agreement (contract) between government and society. The results discovered the need for the citizens to be engaged in solving the state's socially significant problems. The state shall also develop a favorable institutional environment for civil socialization and self-realization of the young people. Novelty/Originality of this study: The eclectic nature of Russian youth citizenship points at hindering factors in the development of active and responsible citizenship as the youth ability to self-organize and solve socially significant problems. The main factors hindering the process of civil activity formation among the young people are the stable etatist-paternalistic traditions of political culture and institutions of Russian civil society. Although, development of youth citizenship is a well-managed process. It requires the youth policy to be the stimulating and guiding force. This force is necessary to solve the problems of legal personality type formation. Such a personality is characterized by politically and socially active civic-mindedness

Magnetic, transport, and magnetotransport properties of the textured Fe3O4 thin films reactively deposited onto SiO2/Si

Текст статьи не публикуется в открытом доступе в соответствии с политикой журнала.The structural, magnetic, transport, and magnetotransport properties of Fe3O4 thin films with thicknesses from 38 nm to 95 nm are systematically investigated. The occurrence of the Verwey transition in these films at a temperature of about 120 K is established. It is found that the temperature dependences of the magnetic moment have a feature near 40 K, which can be attributed to the multiferroic phase. According to the X-ray diffraction data, the film structure represents a (001) texture. As was established using transmission electron microscopy, the height and width of texture crystallites increase with film thickness. Analysis of the temperature dependences of the resistivity showed that the dominant carrier transport mechanism in the films is thermoactivated tunneling. The thermoactivation energy, along with the room-temperature resistivity, decreases with increasing film thicknesses, which is most likely related to the variation in the crystallite size, especially in the crystallite width. The field dependence of magnetoresistance behaves similarly over the entire temperature range and has a positive MR peak in weak fields, which is related to spin-dependent tunneling through Fe3O4 grains and antiferromagnetically coupled antiphase boundaries

Magnetic, transport, and magnetotransport properties of the textured Fe3O4 thin films reactively deposited onto SiO2/Si

Текст статьи не публикуется в открытом доступе в соответствии с политикой журнала.The structural, magnetic, transport, and magnetotransport properties of Fe3O4 thin films with thicknesses from 38 nm to 95 nm are systematically investigated. The occurrence of the Verwey transition in these films at a temperature of about 120 K is established. It is found that the temperature dependences of the magnetic moment have a feature near 40 K, which can be attributed to the multiferroic phase. According to the X-ray diffraction data, the film structure represents a (001) texture. As was established using transmission electron microscopy, the height and width of texture crystallites increase with film thickness. Analysis of the temperature dependences of the resistivity showed that the dominant carrier transport mechanism in the films is thermoactivated tunneling. The thermoactivation energy, along with the room-temperature resistivity, decreases with increasing film thicknesses, which is most likely related to the variation in the crystallite size, especially in the crystallite width. The field dependence of magnetoresistance behaves similarly over the entire temperature range and has a positive MR peak in weak fields, which is related to spin-dependent tunneling through Fe3O4 grains and antiferromagnetically coupled antiphase boundaries