Study of interaction between the polyoxidonium immunomodulator and the human immune system cells

Abstract Polyoxidonium (PO) is a high-molecular weight physiologically active compound with pronounced immunomodulating activity, an N-oxidized polyethylene-piperazine derivative. The aim of our work was to study cellular and molecular mechanisms of the action of PO on the human peripheral blood leukocytes. By means of flow cytometry it was established that the binding of fluorescein-isothiocyanate-labeled PO (FITC-labeled PO) occurs more rapidly with monocytes and neutrophils than with lymphocytes (7-to 8-fold weaker as compared with monocytes). Using colloidal gold-labeled PO and electron microscopy it was shown with that the preparation penetrates into leukocytes by endocytosis. PO is localized in endoplasmic vesicles of cellular cytosol. Analysis of one of the crucial signal transducer, the intracellular Ca 2+ , performed with the Fluo-3 fluorescent dye, showed that PO does not induce Ca 2+ mobilization from the intracellular calcium stores and influx of extracellular Ca 2+ . The study of the intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) production with the 2V ,7V -dichlorfluorescein indicator demonstrated that PO significantly increases the level of intracellular H 2 O 2 in monocytes and neutrophils, however, this increase is much less as compared with phorbol myristate acetate stimulation. The analysis of immunomodulating effect produced by PO proved its stimulating activity on some cytokines production in vitro, e.g. interleukin 1h (IL-1h), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a and IL-6. A dose-dependent increase in the intracellular killing by blood phagocytes was established under the action of PO.

Применение рибосомального препарата рибомунила для коррекции иммунной системы у больных хроническим бронхитом

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MATURATION OF MACROPHAGES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF MURAMYL PEPTIDES

Abstract. Muramyl peptides from bacterial cell wall trigger the modifications in macrophages similar to maturation observed with dendritic cells. Mature macrophages reduced their capacity for phagocytosis, comparing with control, while the bactericidal activity increased. Phenotype analysis of human macrophages exposed to muramyl peptides showed the increasing expression of costimulatory receptors and antigen presenting molecules. On the other hand, there was downregulation of receptors involved in recognition and engulfing of microorganism. In response to bacterial component macrophages secreted several cytokines: IL–12, TNFα, IL–6. (Med. Immunol., 2005, vol.7, № 1, pp. 21526

SUBPOPULATIONAL FEATURES OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD CELLS IN THE PATIENTS WITH AUTOIMMUNE MYOCARDITIS: CLINICAL AND PATHOGENETIC ASPECTS

<strong>Abstract. </strong>The goal of our research was comparative study of the most important parameters of subset cytoarchitectonics in the patients with the different courses of myocarditis and evaluation of their pathogenetic and clinical value in the practice of the physician. We have investigated 99 patients with myocarditis and 40 healthy donors. In patients with malignant course of disease we revealed increased activation index of T/B-cells; increased expression of the activation markers on the both lines of differentiation; disproportion in the immunoregulatory subsets with increased role of dendric cells; decreased intensity of the autoreactive T-cells apoptosis. in the patient with the In patients with nonmalignant course of disease expressed signs of immunopathology were not found. Thus, study of activation markers on the cells of the peripheral blood is more informative and noninvasive method of diagnostics of myocarditis