Franchising Model for Expansion of the International Travel Business

The hotel sector of the travel industry is the leader according to the indicator of economic growth, which is observed in both developed and developing countries. Even under the economic instability and global natural disasters, the industry has seen growth in recent years. The franchising model for expanding activities is central to all successful hotel chains. The article deals with the franchising model for the travel business expansion and the economic performance of hotel chains such as Marriott International, Wyndham Hotels, and Hilton. They hold a prominent place in the global hotel business, have a steady tendency to expand their business, hold high positions in the ranking of the best franchises in the world and have been recognized by experts. The main risks for the franchisor and franchisee are determined when making a decision on the expansion of the international travel business, which must be taken into account when developing new markets for hotel chains. The main advantages of the franchising model of expansion, which promote understanding between the parties of the franchise agreement, dynamicize hotel chains expansion and allow for reducing their expenses and increasing incomes. It was found that the growth of net profit and total income in the indicated hotel chains was due to the increase in the number of rooms in franchising and the positive dynamics of franchise income. A more dynamic pace occurred after the crisis growth in revenues from the franchisee compared with the managerial model. A closer relationship between revenues and key financial indicators has been proved when using a franchising model

ESR study of the spin ladder with uniform Dzyaloshinskii-Moria interaction

Evolution of the ESR absorption in a strong-leg spin ladder magnet (C$_7$H$_{10}$N$_2$)$_2$CuBr$_4$ (abbreviated as DIMPY) is studied from 300K to 400mK. Temperature dependence of the ESR relaxation follows a staircase of crossovers between different relaxation regimes. We ague that the main mechanism of ESR line broadening in DIMPY is uniform Dzyaloshinskii-Moria interaction ($|\vec{D}|=0.20$K) with an effective longitudinal component along an exchange bond of Cu ions within the legs resulting from the low crystal symmetry of DIMPY and nontrivial orbital ordering. The same Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction results in the lifting of the triplet excitation degeneracy, revealed through the weak splitting of the ESR absorption at low temperatures.Comment: 13 pages, submitted to PRB, Fig.3 update

Novel miR390-Dependent Transacting siRNA Precursors in Plants Revealed by a PCR-Based Experimental Approach and Database Analysis

TAS loci in plant genomes encode transacting small interfering RNAs (ta-siRNAs) that regulate expression of a number of genes. The function of TAS3 precursor in Arabidopsis thaliana is controlled by two miR390 target sites flanking two ta-siARF sequences targeting mRNAs of ARF transcription factors. Cleavage of the 3′-miR390-site initiates ta-siRNAs biogenesis. Here we describe the new method for identification of plant ta-siRNA precursors based on PCR with oligodeoxyribonucleotide primers mimicking miR390. The method was found to be efficient for dicotiledonous plants, cycads, and mosses. Based on sequences of amplified loci and a database analysis, a novel type of miR390-dependent TAS sequences was identified in dicots. These TAS loci are characterized by a smaller distance between miR390 sites compared to TAS3, a single copy of ta-siARF, and a sequence conservation pattern pointing to the possibility that processing of novel TAS-like locus is initiated by cleavage of the 5′-terminal miR390 target site

Magnetic resonance in the quasi-2D square lattice easy-plane antiferromagnet Ba2_2MnGe2_2O7_7

We report results of a multi-frequency (0.8-60 GHz) electron spin resonance study of the spin dynamics in the quasi-2D square lattice antiferromagnet Ba$_2$MnGe$_2$O$_7$ both in antiferromagnetically ordered and paramagnetic phases. We directly observe two zero-field gaps in the excitation spectrum of the ordered phase, the larger one being due to easy-plane anisotropy, and the smaller one indicates the presence of fourth-order in-plane anisotropy probably related to the multiferroic properties of this compound. We observe effects of hyperfine interaction on the electron spin resonance spectra in the antiferromagnetically ordered state, which turns out to be comparable with in-plane anisotropy. The hyperfine field strength is found from the observed low-temperature electron spin resonance data. The spin dynamics of the paramagnetic phase is characterized by strong broadening of the ESR absorption line, which can be ascribed to the vortex dynamics of a 2D magnet

Analysis of Pregnancy, Labor and Perinatal Outcomes of Women with Pyelonephritis

Purpose: Assessment of the impact of chronic pyelonephritis (CP) on pregnancy, childbirth and the state of a newborn.Materials and Methods: 64 pregnant women with chronic pyelonephritis (study group). Comparison group consisted of 124 apparently healthy women with physiological pregnancy. In the groups evaluated parity, clinical and laboratory parameters of blood (blood count, hematocrit, leukocyte index of intoxication), during pregnancy, birth, state of the newborn babies and their incidence. To detect virus-bacterial pathogens persisting in the urine of infants born to mothers with HP, examined 42 children. All isolates were determined rates of adhesion and persistence factors (antilizotsim (ALA) and antiinterferon (AIA) activity). In the urine of surveyed defined mycoplasma, chlamydia, herpes simplex virus type I and II, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and papilloma viruses using standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results: Pregnancy complicated by HP more severe with various complications: anemia and placental insufficiency. In patients with CP were significantly more marked prematurity (6,25% versus 1,6% in the comparison group). In assessing the viral-bacterial infection of the urine of infants born to mothers suffering from CP, 50% of the bacterial population was observed in 50% were identified opportunistic bacteria in an amount not to exceed thresholds.Summary: Chronic pyelonephritis is one of the factors influencing the course of pregnancy. Perinatal morbidity in children born to women who suffer from CP, no more than general population values. Significant correlation between the microflora of mother and child is absent

Dynamics of ventilation parameters in patients with bilateral destructive tuberculosis after staged surgical treatment using extrapleural pneumolysis with silicone plombage and contralateral lung resection

Aim – to study the dynamics of respiratory function indicators in patients with bilateral widespread destructive tuberculosis during staged surgeryt using extrapleural pneumolysis with silicone plombage on the side of the smallest lesion. Material and methods. The main study group consisted of 14 patients with widespread bilateral destructive tuberculosis who underwent extrapleural pneumolysis with silicone plombage (EPSP) in combination with lung resection on the opposite side. The control group included 29 patients who underwent lung resections on both sides. All patients underwent spirometry before and 3–5 weeks after each stage of surgery: FVC (forced vital capacity of the lungs) and FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second) were registered. Results. The dynamics of the spirometric study values after staged surgery in the EPSP group was a decrease in FVC by 1.05±0.47, FEV1 by 0.95±0.6 l, and in the control group – by 1.74±0.76 l and 1.33±0.5 l, respectively (p 0.05). Conclusion. The staged surgery with the use of EPSP was accompanied by a significantly smaller decrease in functional parameters and can be used in patients with widespread bilateral destructive tuberculosis with low respiratory function

Intraoperative use of a polymer mesh implant in common destructive pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by empyema with bronchopleural fistula

The article observes a clinical case – intraoperative use of anterior mediastinal plastic surgery with a mesh implant for transsternal occlusion of the main bronchus in a patient with widespread destructive pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by pleuralempyema with bronchopleural fistula. A control examination after 1.5 years showed a clinical cure of tuberculosis of a single lung. When comparing functional indicators, there was a slight increase in vital capacity (VC) and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1). There were no changes in the indicators of pO2, pCO2. Also, unchanged left ventricular ejection fraction and a substantial decrease in pulmonary artery pressure positively affected the patient's general condition

Photo- and electroluminescence of new organic semiconductors

The results of investigation of the luminescence under photo- and electroexcitation for four new compounds are presented. The spectral properties and photoluminescence are studied in ethanol, chloroform solutions and in films formed by thermovacuum deposition (TVD). The phosphorescence of compounds is investigated in ethanol at 77K temperature. The phosphorescence times of molecules are given. The electroluminescence is obtained in multilayered structure ITO/PEDOT/NPD/L /Ca/Al. It is shown, that spectral region of the photoluminescence of TVD films and electroluminescence coincide. Relations of electroluminescence efficiency with molecule structure, photoluminescence quantum yield and possibility of thermally activated delayed fluorescence are discussed