Confinement interaction in nonlinear generalizations of the Wick-Cutkosky model

We consider nonlinear-mediating-field generalizations of the Wick-Cutkosky model. Using an iterative approach and eliminating the mediating field by means of the covariant Green function we arrive at a Lagrangian density containing many-point time-nonlocal interaction terms. In low-order approximations of $\phi^3{+}\phi^4$ theory we obtain the usual two-current interaction as well as a three-current interaction of a confining type. The same result is obtained without approximation for a version of the dipole model. The transition to the Hamiltonian formalism and subsequent canonical quantization is performed with time non-locality taken into account approximately. A relativistic three-particle wave equation is derived variationally by using a three-particle Fock space trial state. The non-relativistic limit of this equation is obtained and its properties are analyzed and discussed.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figure, LaTe

PROVIDING INDUSTRIAL SAFETY IN THE DESIGN OF CHEMICAL FACILITIES

Designing of chemical destination requires developers’ particular, careful approach, as malfunctions are dangerous for the whole area in which the facility is located. Efficient and uninterrupted operation of a chemical entity assumes certain tasks, and at the design stage, and during the construction, reconstruction, repair, and maintenance. When designing a crucial question: placing equipment in the technological scheme (nature and the order and connection of separate devices); determine the input parameters of raw materials; establishment of technological parameters of the system; determine the structural characteristics of the devices of the system; selection of process parameters in devices that affect the speed of the process, output and product quality. The main document containing the requirements of industrial safety, chemical and other dangerous objects is the Federal Law of July 21, 1997 № 116-FZ "On industrial safety of hazardous production facilities", as amended on December 31, 2014. It defines and regulates the framework for ensuring the safe operation of hazardous production facilities. The most important part in the development and design of hazardous chemicals is the examination of industrial safety, which is held on the basis of the principles of independence, objectivity, comprehensiveness and completeness of the research carried out by using modern science and technology. Design of chemical facilities is a complex, multifactorial and time-consuming process, which should be regarded as a series of socio-organizational and engineering stages. It is a systematic approach to solving design problems and control of all stages of the life cycle of chemical facilities will provide a high level of safe operation of industrial facilities

Radiation reaction and renormalization in classical electrodynamics of point particle in any dimension

The effective equations of motion for a point charged particle taking account of radiation reaction are considered in various space-time dimensions. The divergencies steaming from the pointness of the particle are studied and the effective renormalization procedure is proposed encompassing uniformly the cases of all even dimensions. It is shown that in any dimension the classical electrodynamics is a renormalizable theory if not multiplicatively beyond d=4. For the cases of three and six dimensions the covariant analogs of the Lorentz-Dirac equation are explicitly derived.Comment: minor changes in concluding section, misprints corrected, LaTeX2e, 15 page

Properties of electrons scattered on a strong plane electromagnetic wave with a linear polarization: classical treatment

The relations among the components of the exit momenta of ultrarelativistic electrons scattered on a strong electromagnetic wave of a low (optical) frequency and linear polarization are established using the exact solutions to the equations of motion with radiation reaction included (the Landau-Lifshitz equation). It is found that the momentum components of the electrons traversed the electromagnetic wave depend weakly on the initial values of the momenta. These electrons are mostly scattered at the small angles to the direction of propagation of the electromagnetic wave. The maximum Lorentz factor of the electrons crossed the electromagnetic wave is proportional to the work done by the electromagnetic field and is independent of the initial momenta. The momentum component parallel to the electric field strength vector of the electromagnetic wave is determined only by the diameter of the laser beam measured in the units of the classical electron radius. As for the reflected electrons, they for the most part lose the energy, but remain relativistic. There is a reflection law for these electrons that relates the incident and the reflection angles and is independent of any parameters.Comment: 12 pp, 3 fig

Effective dynamics of an electrically charged string with a current

Equations of motion for an electrically charged string with a current in an external electromagnetic field with regard to the first correction due to the self-action are derived. It is shown that the reparametrization invariance of the free action of the string imposes constraints on the possible form of the current. The effective equations of motion are obtained for an absolutely elastic charged string in the form of a ring (circle). Equations for the external electromagnetic fields that admit stationary states of such a ring are revealed. Solutions to the effective equations of motion of an absolutely elastic charged ring in the absence of external fields as well as in an external uniform magnetic field are obtained. In the latter case, the frequency at which one can observe radiation emitted by the ring is evaluated. A model of an absolutely nonstretchable charged string with a current is proposed. The effective equations of motion are derived within this model, and a class of solutions to these equations is found.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures, format changed, minor change

Национальный фракционный счёт и оценка научной результативности организаций

Russian science policy in 2012–2018 appeared to be efficient which is proved by increased number of Russian publications indexed by Web of Science and Scopus. Dubious publication practices on and out of the fringes of science ethics is the other side of the coin. One cannot deny the scale of these practices while it is hard to be estimated. This scientometric challenge may be met through the transfer from integer calculation to fractional one. The authors introduce the term “national fractional calculation” which enables to estimate objectively organizations’ and researchers’ contributions into national science while not to demotivate participation in international collaborations. Based on the example of three groups, i. e. research organizations, Project 5-100 universities and other universities, the integer and fractional calculations are compared in detail for the 2018 as well as in the dynamics for the period 2000–2018 and for different disciplines. The authors show that, moving forward, fractional calculations increasingly differ from the integer ones. The largest differences are characteristic for the group of leading universities of Project 5-100 group being “scientometrically pressurized” within the framework of the national science policy.Российская научная политика в 2012–2018 гг. оказалась весьма эффективной с точки зрения увеличения количества российских публикаций, индексируемых в Web of Science и Scopus. Обратной стороной этой медали стали сомнительные практики публикационной активности, находящиеся на грани норм научной этики и даже за ней, масштабность применения которых непросто оценить и невозможно отрицать. Один из возможных ответов на этот вызов наукометрической научной политике – переход от целочисленного к фракционному счёту публикаций. В статье вводится понятие национального фракционного счёта, который позволяет более объективно оценивать вклад организаций и отдельных исследователей в научный продукт страны и при этом не демотивирует участие в международных коллаборациях. На примере трёх групп – научные организации, университеты Проекта 5-100 и другие вузы – проведено детальное сравнение целочисленного и национального фракционного счёта в 2018 г., а также в динамике за период 2000–2018 гг. и по областям наук. Показано, что со временем результаты фракционного счёта всё больше отличаются от результатов целочисленного. Наибольшие различия фиксируются в группе ведущих университетов – участников Проекта 5-100, испытывавших самое сильное «наукометрическое давление» в рамках государственной научной политики

Методика формирования выборки публикаций для подготовки научных обзоров

The task of searching and selecting publications for scientific reviews is located on the intersection of science and art. The increasing publication flow has made it all harder to reveal relevant and important papers for scientific community. The methodological approach being described enables to organize selecting publications for reviews while decreasing accidental mistakes and subjective declinations; it is to structure primary selection with its further expansion, reduction and analysis, that can be accomplished in several iterations resulting in the final selection, its analytical features and formalized protocol. The authors describe the method structure and provide the example for the subject “embedded librarian”. This example demonstrates the advantages of the approach as compared to the traditional search by keywords: various variants of search strategies are applicable; their repeatability and exhaustiveness of resulted selection. The method can be applied in academic and sci-tech libraries to develop their services supporting science and research.Поиск и отбор публикаций для подготовки обзорной статьи являются задачей, решение которой находится на стыке между наукой и искусством. С увеличением публикационного потока исследователям всё сложнее выделять из него релевантные работы, имеющие определённую значимость для научного сообщества. Методологический подход, описанный в статье, позволяет систематизировать подбор публикаций для обзоров, значительно сократив число случайных ошибок и субъективных отклонений. Он упорядочивает процедуры подготовки стартовой выборки, её расширения, усечения и анализа, которые выполняются в несколько итераций, по их результатам формируются финальная выборка, её аналитические характеристики и формальный протокол подготовки. В статье описаны содержание методики и пример применения для тематики «привлечённый библиотекарь» («embedded librarian»). На этом примере продемонстрированы преимущества предложенного подхода по сравнению с традиционным методом поиска по ключевым словам: возможность использования различных вариантов поисковых стратегий, обеспечение их воспроизводимости и большей полноты результирующей выборки. Описанная методика может применяться в научных и научно-технических библиотеках в целях развития сервисов для информационного сопровождения исследовательской деятельности

Energy Sector of the Russian Federation in the Context of Macroeconomic Instability

Electric power is one of the leading industries in the modern economy: it has a direct impact on all vital systems of the society per se, as well as on the formation of the social climate and on the economic development of any state. The current economic crisis and sanctions on behalf the US and the EU have significantly complicated the activities of Russian energy enterprises, thus, the government plays a key role in combating the crisis in this industry. Based on official statistical data, the article presents the results of complex analysis of the industry and defines the basic tendencies of its development. According to the results of the conducted research, it is revealed that in the past three years the performance indicators for electricity and heat production have deteriorated, the manageability of the functioning of energy systems has decreased, and the need for new technologies has increased. Keywords: state regulation, market failure, macroeconomic indicators, energy, sanctions, crisis, electricity, state support JEL Classifications: O25; Q43; Q4

Radiation reaction for multipole moments

We propose a Poincare-invariant description for the effective dynamics of systems of charged particles by means of intrinsic multipole moments. To achieve this goal we study the effective dynamics of such systems within two frameworks -- the particle itself and hydrodynamical one. We give a relativistic-invariant definition for the intrinsic multipole moments both pointlike and extended relativistic objects. Within the hydrodynamical framework we suggest a covariant action functional for a perfect fluid with pressure. In the case of a relativistic charged dust we prove the equivalence of the particle approach to the hydrodynamical one to the problem of radiation reaction for multipoles. As the particular example of a general procedure we obtain the effective model for a neutral system of charged particles with dipole moment.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figure, RevTeX 4; references updated, minor textual correction