Methodological provision of active management of economic risk in agrarian business

The article views main approaches to economic risks management. The article offers the algorithm of active management of aggregate economic risk, based on the use of complex of formalized and non-formalized calculation and analytical methods of reduction of uncertainty during decision making and aimed at reduction of probability of negative result of business risk situations by means of reasoned actions for timely adaptation to changing economic conditions. In the conducted research, the authors analyzed positive aspects and difficulties of practical use of the above methods under the conditions of modern stage of development of Russian agrarian business. The results of this analysis were the basis for formation and development of methodological provision of calculation and analytical components of active management of economic risks.peer-reviewe

Efficiency of <i>in vitro</i> culture techniques applied to soybean (<i>Glycine max (L.) Merr.</i>) accessions from the VIR collection

Using a wide range of modern biotechnologies and genetic techniques to study plant germplasm accessions held by VIR makes it possible to procure valuable results, required for the development of new high-yielding cultivars adapted to adverse environmental conditions and possessing specified technological properties, particularly to identify and mark new genes and alleles useful for plant breeding. This research trend is in line with Presidential Decree No. 680 “Concerning the development of genetic technologies in the Russian Federation”. Soybean is among the key crops in agricultural production, but the use of next-generation breeding tools to obtain new soybean cultivars with desired properties is still limited. Successful application of novel methods also requires new approaches to studying soybean accessions, specifically their ability to regenerate and produce calluses for subsequent inclusion in biotechnological programs.Ten soybean accessions of various origin, contrasting in ripening schedules, were selected to study the possibility of effective introduction into in vitro culture and further assessment of their ability to produce calluses and regenerate in in vitro culture. The work included evaluating the effects of different seed sterilization techniques (one-step sterilization, using a commercial bleach, and two-step one, combining the impacts of a chlorine-containing preparation and hydrogen peroxide), types of explants (epicotyls, hypocotyls, cotyledon nodes, and cotyledon leaf segments), and phytohormone composition of nutrient medium: (1) MS + 1.13 mg/L BAP + 0.5 mg/L HA, and (2) MS +1 mg/L BAP + 0.1 mg/L IAA).The assessment results showed that the option of two-step seed sterilization was the most effective for soybean at the stage of in vitro culture initiation, while hypocotyls, epicotyls, and cotyledon nodes had the highest callus formation ability in both types of nutrient media

НОВЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ В ХИРУРГИИ НЕТРАВМАТИЧЕСКИХ ВНУТРИЧЕРЕПНЫХ КРОВОИЗЛИЯНИЙ

ABSTRACT. The article is dedicated to the problem of nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage surgery. Principal concern was given to the contemporary aspects of target and urgent diagnostics of vascular pathology of the brain, being the cause of hemorrhage, and ischemic complications detection. Modern surgical technologies applied for surgical treatment of patients with intracranial hemorrhages are described and surgical results achieved in Sklifosovsky Research Institute are represented. РЕЗЮМЕ. В статье освещается проблема хирургического лечения нетравматических внутричерепных кровоизлияний. Особое внимание уделено современным аспектам плановой и экстренной диагностики сосудистой патологии головного мозга как причины нетравматических кровоизлияний и выявлению ишемических осложнений. Описаны современные хирургические технологии, применяемые для лечения больных с внутричерепными кровоизлияниями и представлены результаты лечения этих больных в НИИ скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского.

NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN SURGERY OF NONTRAUMATIC INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGE

ABSTRACT. The article is dedicated to the problem of nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage surgery. Principal concern was given to the contemporary aspects of target and urgent diagnostics of vascular pathology of the brain, being the cause of hemorrhage, and ischemic complications detection. Modern surgical technologies applied for surgical treatment of patients with intracranial hemorrhages are described and surgical results achieved in Sklifosovsky Research Institute are represented