10 research outputs found
KTM TOKAMAK OPERATION SCENARIOS SOFTWARE INFRASTRUCTURE
One of the largest problems for tokamak devices such as Kazakhstan Tokamak for Material Testing (KTM) is the operation scenarios' development and execution. Operation scenarios may be varied often, so a convenient hardware and software solution is required for scenario management and execution. Dozens of diagnostic and control subsystems with numerous configuration settings may be used in an experiment, so it is required to automate the subsystem configuration process to coordinate changes of the related settings and to prevent errors. Most of the diagnostic and control subsystems software at KTM was unified using an extra software layer, describing the hardware abstraction interface. The experiment sequence was described using a command language.The whole infrastructure was brought together by a universal communication protocol supporting various media, including Ethernet and serial links. The operation sequence execution infrastructure was used at KTM to carry out plasma experiments
ΠΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ Π³Π½ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎ-Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ
Objective. Identification of laboratory parameters that are used in routine practice and can serve as diagnostic and prognostic criteria for the development of sepsis and its outcomes in patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of soft tissues.Materials and methods. The study included 48 patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of soft tissues. Recorded the occurrence of such clinical events as the development of sepsis or septic shock, intensive therapy, death or recovery and discharge from the hospital. For the diagnosis of sepsis, a SOFA (Sepsis-related organ failure assessment score) Β³ 2 points was used. Patients were divided into subgroups according to the number of points according to the SOFA scale, intensive care and depending on the outcome of the disease: Subgroup 1 β 26 patients with sepsis (SOFA Β³ 2 points) and 22 patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and SOFA <2 points; 2nd subgroup β 12 people who underwent intensive therapy and 36 people without it; 3rd subgroup β 7 patients with a fatal outcome and 41 patients with a favorable outcome.Results. In patients with sepsis, albumin concentration was 24,07 g / l in median versus 34,65 g / l in the control group of patients with SOFA <2 points (p <0,01); glucose -7,82 mmol / l and 5,15 mmol / l (p <0,01); sodium concentration of 133 mmol / li 139 mmol / l (p <0,01). The values of the international normalized ratio (INR) amounted to a median of 1,29 and 1,04 (p <0,01); activated partial thromboplastin time -36,20 seconds and 31,50 seconds (p <0,01). In the subgroup of patients for whom intensive therapy was required, the concentration of albumin was 22,34 g / l by median versus 30,10 g / l (p <0,01); urea β 15,50 mmol / l versus 6,00 mmol / l (p <0,05), glucose β 9,61 mmol / l against 5,80 mmol / l (p <0,05), lactate dehydrogenase-644,00 U / l and 426,00 U / l (p <0,05); INR β 1,35 against 1,05 (p <0,05). The aver-age total protein concentration is 47,80 g / l versus 57,90 g / l (p <0,01). The average albumin is 22,34 g / l versus 28,50 g / l (p <0,05). The glucose concentration among patients with a fatal outcome was 12,00 mmol / l in median versus 5,95 mmol / l (p <0,01); urea β 23,22 mmol / l versus 6,00 mmol / l (p <0,01). The incidence of lethal disease was statistically significantly higher in patients with a total protein level of less than 52 g / l 5,96 times (RR = 5,96, 95% CI 1,32 β 26,89), glucose more than 11 mmol / l β 7,00 times (OR = 7,00, 95% CI 1,25 β 39,15), urea more than 20 mmol / l β 7,05 times (RR = 7,05, 95% CI 2,00 β 24,85).Conclusion. Routine laboratory indicators as the level of total protein, albumin, glucose, sodium and urea, as well as indicators of the blood coagulation system (INR and APTT), can serve as diagnostic and prognostic criteria for the development of sepsis and its outcomes in patients with purulentinflammatory diseases. soft tissue.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π³Π½ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎ-Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ 48 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π³Π½ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎ-Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ, Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π° Β«ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΒ» ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Ρ SOFA (Sepsis-related organ failure assessment score) Β³Β 2 Π±Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Ρ Π±Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Π΅ SOFA, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: 1-Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ° β 26 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ (SOFAΒ Β³Β 2 Π±Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ²) ΠΈ 22 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° (Π‘Π‘ΠΠ ) ΠΈ SOFA < 2 Π±Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ²; 2-Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ° β 12 ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ, ΠΈ 36 ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ Π±Π΅Π· Π½Π΅Π΅; 3-Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ° β 7 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ 41 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ Ρ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π£ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π°Π»ΡΠ±ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π½Π΅ 24,07 Π³/Π» ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² 34,65 Π³/Π» Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ SOFA < 2 Π±Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² (p< 0,01); Π³Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ·Ρ β 7,82 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π» ΠΈ 5,15 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π» (p< 0,01); ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ 133 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π» ΠΈ 139 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π» (p< 0,01). ΠΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ (ΠΠΠ) ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π½Π΅ 1,29 ΠΈ1,04 (p< 0,01); Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ β 36,20 Ρ ΠΈ 31,50 Ρ (p< 0,01). Π ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π»ΡΠ±ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π½Π΅ 22,34 Π³/Π» ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² 30,10 Π³/Π» (p< 0,01); ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ½Ρ β 15,50 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π» ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² 6,00 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π» (p< 0,05), Π³Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ·Ρβ 9,61 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π»ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² 5,80 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π»(p< 0,05), Π»Π°ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π°Π·Ρ β 644,00 ΠΠ΄/Π» ΠΈ 426,00 ΠΠ΄/Π» (p< 0,05); ΠΠΠ β 1,35 ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² 1,05 (p< 0,05). Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° β 47,80 Π³/Π» ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² 57,90 Π³/Π» (p < 0,01). Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π°Π»ΡΠ±ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° β 22,34 Π³/Π» ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² 28,50 Π³/Π» (p < 0,05). ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π³Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ·Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π½Π΅ 12,00 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π» ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² 5,95 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π» (p< 0,01); ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ½Ρ β 23,22 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π» ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² 6,00 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π» (p < 0,01). Π§Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 52 Π³/Π» Π² 5,96 ΡΠ°Π· (ΠΠ = 5,96, 95 % ΠΠ 1,32 β 26,89), Π³Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ·Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 11 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π» β Π² 7,00 ΡΠ°Π· (ΠΠ = 7,00, 95 % ΠΠ 1,25 β 39,15), ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 20 ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π» β Π² 7,05 ΡΠ°Π· (ΠΠ = 7,05, 95 % ΠΠ 2,00 β 24,85).ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ°, Π°Π»ΡΠ±ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°, Π³Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ·Ρ, Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ½Ρ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ (ΠΠΠ ΠΈ ΠΠ§Π’Π) ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π³Π½ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎ-Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ
Implementation of remote participation at Tokamak device experiments
The paper describes the software implementation of remote participation at Tokamak device experiment, particularly hardware remote control and monitoring implementation. This is an alternative to the traditional implementations based on such software kits as MDS+ and PK IVK used at Russian and foreign Tokamak devices: T-10, T-15, JET, JT-60, FTU. Traditional implementations are outdated and require deep modification for effective usage at new devices, so the new implementation is rather actual. The implementation is based on the use of new unified communication protocol for Tokamak subsystems - T-ICS. The protocol takes into account the individual peculiarities of subsystem hardware platform and provides the means of message encryption required for communication using Ethernet-based networks. The comparison of traditional approaches and the described implementation was also described. The implementation of the approach proposed was shown using a TRACE MODE SCADA for the experiment automation system hardware control at one of the foreign Tokamak devices. The use of the new implementation combined with SCADA allows significant automation of the applications development, simplifies hardware control and monitoring command language. At the present the software implementation was tested on the models of the active foreign Tokamak subsystems and it is currently used for model subsystem control. Because of the high potential of the mechanism is going to be integrated into control system of modified T-15 Russian Tokamak
Implementation of remote participation at Tokamak device experiments
The paper describes the software implementation of remote participation at Tokamak device experiment, particularly hardware remote control and monitoring implementation. This is an alternative to the traditional implementations based on such software kits as MDS+ and PK IVK used at Russian and foreign Tokamak devices: T-10, T-15, JET, JT-60, FTU. Traditional implementations are outdated and require deep modification for effective usage at new devices, so the new implementation is rather actual. The implementation is based on the use of new unified communication protocol for Tokamak subsystems - T-ICS. The protocol takes into account the individual peculiarities of subsystem hardware platform and provides the means of message encryption required for communication using Ethernet-based networks. The comparison of traditional approaches and the described implementation was also described. The implementation of the approach proposed was shown using a TRACE MODE SCADA for the experiment automation system hardware control at one of the foreign Tokamak devices. The use of the new implementation combined with SCADA allows significant automation of the applications development, simplifies hardware control and monitoring command language. At the present the software implementation was tested on the models of the active foreign Tokamak subsystems and it is currently used for model subsystem control. Because of the high potential of the mechanism is going to be integrated into control system of modified T-15 Russian Tokamak
Diagnostic and prognostic laboratory criteria for the development of sepsis in purulent-inflammatory diseases of soft tissues
Objective. Identification of laboratory parameters that are used in routine practice and can serve as diagnostic and prognostic criteria for the development of sepsis and its outcomes in patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of soft tissues.Materials and methods. The study included 48 patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of soft tissues. Recorded the occurrence of such clinical events as the development of sepsis or septic shock, intensive therapy, death or recovery and discharge from the hospital. For the diagnosis of sepsis, a SOFA (Sepsis-related organ failure assessment score) Β³ 2 points was used. Patients were divided into subgroups according to the number of points according to the SOFA scale, intensive care and depending on the outcome of the disease: Subgroup 1 β 26 patients with sepsis (SOFA Β³ 2 points) and 22 patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and SOFA <2 points; 2nd subgroup β 12 people who underwent intensive therapy and 36 people without it; 3rd subgroup β 7 patients with a fatal outcome and 41 patients with a favorable outcome.Results. In patients with sepsis, albumin concentration was 24,07 g / l in median versus 34,65 g / l in the control group of patients with SOFA <2 points (p <0,01); glucose -7,82 mmol / l and 5,15 mmol / l (p <0,01); sodium concentration of 133 mmol / li 139 mmol / l (p <0,01). The values of the international normalized ratio (INR) amounted to a median of 1,29 and 1,04 (p <0,01); activated partial thromboplastin time -36,20 seconds and 31,50 seconds (p <0,01). In the subgroup of patients for whom intensive therapy was required, the concentration of albumin was 22,34 g / l by median versus 30,10 g / l (p <0,01); urea β 15,50 mmol / l versus 6,00 mmol / l (p <0,05), glucose β 9,61 mmol / l against 5,80 mmol / l (p <0,05), lactate dehydrogenase-644,00 U / l and 426,00 U / l (p <0,05); INR β 1,35 against 1,05 (p <0,05). The aver-age total protein concentration is 47,80 g / l versus 57,90 g / l (p <0,01). The average albumin is 22,34 g / l versus 28,50 g / l (p <0,05). The glucose concentration among patients with a fatal outcome was 12,00 mmol / l in median versus 5,95 mmol / l (p <0,01); urea β 23,22 mmol / l versus 6,00 mmol / l (p <0,01). The incidence of lethal disease was statistically significantly higher in patients with a total protein level of less than 52 g / l 5,96 times (RR = 5,96, 95% CI 1,32 β 26,89), glucose more than 11 mmol / l β 7,00 times (OR = 7,00, 95% CI 1,25 β 39,15), urea more than 20 mmol / l β 7,05 times (RR = 7,05, 95% CI 2,00 β 24,85).Conclusion. Routine laboratory indicators as the level of total protein, albumin, glucose, sodium and urea, as well as indicators of the blood coagulation system (INR and APTT), can serve as diagnostic and prognostic criteria for the development of sepsis and its outcomes in patients with purulentinflammatory diseases. soft tissue
POLYMORPHISM OF THROMBOPHILIA GENES AND THEIR ROLE IN DEVELOPMENT OF DIFFERENT DISEASE PHENOTYPES AND THROMBOTIC COMPLICATIONS IN HEMOPHILIA PATIENTS
ObjectiveΒ was to study genetic markers of thrombophilia in patients with hemophilia, which can affect the course of the disease and contribute to thrombotic complications.Β Material and methods.Β The study included 96 patients with severe hemophilia: 75 (78.1Β %) β hemophilia A, 16 (16.7Β %) β hemophilia B, 5 (5.2Β %) β hemophilia with inhibitor form. All patients were with severe hemophilic arthropathyand and underwent knee or hip replacement. The average age of patients was 39.6 years. All patients were examined for markers of thrombophilia.Β Results. Ninety three patients had either a heterozygous or homozygous form of thrombophilia marker polymorphism. One of thrombophilia markers was present in 15 (15.6Β %) patients and in 78 (81.3Β %) there was a combination of several markers. In patients with hemophilia B homozygous mutations in the MTHFR gene (A1298C and C677T) were more than 2 times more frequent than in patients with hemophilia A.Β Conclusion.Β The frequency of occurrence of polymorphism of FV (G1691A), MTHFR (C677T) and PAI-1 in the studied group of patients with hemophilia is higher than in the general Russian population