152 research outputs found
Steady state of atoms in a resonant field with elliptical polarization
We present a complete set of analytical and invariant expressions for the
steady-state density matrix of atoms in a resonant radiation field with
arbitrary intensity and polarization. The field drives the closed dipole
transition with arbitrary values of the angular momenta and of
the ground and excited state. The steady-state density matrix is expressed in
terms of spherical harmonics of a complex direction given by the field
polarization vector. The generalization to the case of broad-band radiation is
given. We indicate various applications of these results.Comment: revtex, 26 pages, including 3 eps figures; PRA accepted for
publication;v2 three typos are fixe
Mass Defect Effects in Atomic Clocks
We consider some implications of the mass defect on the frequency of atomic
transitions. We have found that some well-known frequency shifts (gravitational
shift and motion-induced shifts such as: quadratic Doppler and micromotion
shifts) can be interpreted as consequences of the mass defect in quantum atomic
physics, i.e., without the need for the concept of time dilation used in
special and general relativity theories. Moreover, we show that the inclusion
of the mass defect leads to previously unknown shifts for clocks based on
trapped ions.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figur
Direct excitation of the forbidden clock transition in neutral 174Yb atoms confined to an optical lattice
We report direct single-laser excitation of the strictly forbidden
(6s^2)^1S_0 -(6s6p)^3P_0 clock transition in the even 174Yb isotope confined to
a 1D optical lattice. A small (~1.2 mT) static magnetic field was used to
induce a nonzero electric dipole transition probability between the clock
states at 578.42 nm. Narrow resonance linewidths of 20 Hz (FHWM) with high
contrast were observed, demonstrating a record neutral-atom resonance quality
factor of 2.6x10^13. The previously unknown ac Stark shift-canceling (magic)
wavelength was determined to be 759.35+/-0.02 nm. This method for using the
metrologically superior even isotope can be easily implemented in current Yb
and Sr lattice clocks, and can create new clock possibilities in other alkaline
earth-like atoms such as Mg and Ca.Comment: Submitted to Physics Review Letter
Vector Cooper Pairs and Coherent-Population-Trapping-like States in Ensemble of Interacting Fermions
Using the standard Hamiltonian of the BCS theory, we show that in an ensemble
of interacting fermions with the spin 1/2 there exist coherent states ,
which nullify the Hamiltonian of the interparticle interaction (scattering).
These states have an analogy with the well-known in quantum optics the coherent
population trapping (CPT) effect. The structure of these CPT-like states
corresponds to Cooper pairs with the total spin =1. The found states have a
huge degree of degeneracy and carry a macroscopic magnetic moment, that allows
us to construct a new model of the magnetism connected with the delocalized
electrons in metals (conductors). A principal possibility to apply the obtained
results to the superfluid He is also demonstrated.Comment: revtex, 12 pages, 2 figure
Pure superposition states of atoms generated by a bichromatic elliptically polarized filed
We find specific polarizations of components of a bichromatic field, which
allow one to prepare pure superposition states of atoms, using the coherent
population trapping effect. These states are prepared in the system
of Zeeman substates of the ground-state hyperfine levels with arbitrary angular
momenta and . It is established that, in general case , the
use of waves with elliptical polarizations (
field configuration for alkali metal atoms) is necessary for the pure state
preparation. We analytically show an unique advantage of the D1 line of alkali
metal atoms, which consists in the possibility to generate pure
states even in the absence of spectral resolution of the excited-state
hyperfine levels, contrary to the D2 line.Comment: revtex4, 6 pages including 2 eps figure
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