Serrated polyps of the colon

Until recently, colonic polyps were traditionally classified as either hyperplastic or adenomatous, and only the latter were believed to have the potential to progress to carcinoma. However, it is now appreciated that a subset of serrated polyps also appear to have malignant potential. Serrated polyps are a heterogeneous group of colon polyps that include hyperplastic polyps, sessile serrated adenomas (SSAs), traditional serrated adenomas, and mixed polyps. Insights into these polyps were derived, in part, from studies of patients with the hyperplastic polyposis syndrome. SSAs show a predilection for the right colon, have a distinct histology, and their molecular genetic profile has recently been linked to a pathway for colon tumorigenesis that is characterized by microsatellite instability. Based upon available evidence, it is recommended that patients with serrated adenomas undergo colonoscopic follow-up at the same frequency as for conventional adenomas. It is important that physicians are aware of serrated polyps, particularly serrated adenomas and their relationship to colon cancer, and their proper clinical management

A three-way synergistic effect of work on employee well-being : Human sustainability perspective

We explored the interaction of the United Nation’s sustainable development goals to facilitate human sustainability using occupational health and sustainable HRM perspectives. In Study 1 (n = 246), we assessed the preconditions to empirically confirm the distinctiveness of the dimensions of health harm of work from other study constructs. Subsequently, we tested the hypotheses across two studies (n = 332, Study 2; n = 255, Study 3). In alignment with the ceiling effect of human energy theory, the three-way interaction results across the samples consistently indicate that high supervisory political support (SPS) significantly strengthens the negative interactions of psychological health risk factors and high job tension as adverse working conditions (SDG-8) on working-condition-related well-being as the human sustainability dimension (SDG-3). Similarly, synergistic effects were found of the side effects of work on health, high job tension, and high SPS on well-being in sample 3. We discuss theoretical and future research for human sustainability from occupational health and sustainable HRM perspectives

Survey of incidence of various surface defects in goat and sheep skin in Madras

23,429 goat skins and 37,026 sheep skins were examined to find out the incidence of various surface defects in them. 33.44 percent of goat skins and 14.6 per cent of sheep skins were found to be affected in quality. Major defects common to both goat and sheep skins were abscess, fire-mark and psoroptosis. In addition to the above common defects demodecosis and sheep pox appreciably deteriorated the quality of goat and sheep skins respectively. Seasonal variation in the incidence of the major defects were also studied

Ethyl 2-[N-(2-formyl­phen­yl)benzene­sulfonamido]acetate

In the mol­ecule of the title compound, C17H17NO5S, the two aromatic rings are oriented at an angle of 30.13 (10)°. The ethyl acetate group assumes an extended conformation. Mol­ecules are linked into C(7) chains running along the a axis by inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, and the chains are crosslinked via C—H⋯π inter­actions, with the sulfonyl-bound phenyl ring acting as an acceptor

PRODUCTION OF BIOGAS USING FOOD WASTE FROM SRIT HOSTEL

Biogas is typically a gas produced by the anaerobic digestion of biodegradable materials. One of the most promising processes for the energetic transformation of waste is the anaerobic digestion of waste to produce biogas. Food waste, which has become one of global concerns because of its massive amount, contains high organic content, which is used by the microbes as nutrients. The present project aims at production of biogas using food waste generated from SRIT hostel. Our institution has three hostels and two messes, cooking food for more than 1000 students, and there is large quantity of food waste generated daily. The option available for the management of this huge waste is animal feed. So this large quantity of food waste generated should be utilized for better purposes. A survey is carried out and it was found that average food waste generated per person is 243g. The set up consists of a digester which is of 2.75 litres capacity and it was filled with 2/3rd of its capacity with mixed food waste and cow dung in 1: 1 proportion. The initial and final characteristics of the feedstock, such as pH, total solids, volatile solids, C/N ratio and COD are analyzed. The volumetric yield of biogas is noted at regular intervals using water displacement method. The cumulative quantity of biogas produced for 31 days is 565 cm3 per 900 gram of feedstock

Probing the Surfaces of Interstellar Dust Grains: The Adsorption of CO at Bare Grain Surfaces

A solid-state feature was detected at around 2175 cm-1 towards 30 embedded young stellar objects in spectra obtained using the ESO VLT-ISAAC. We present results from laboratory studies of CO adsorbed at the surface of Zeolite wafers, where absorption bands were detected at 2177 and 2168 cm-1 (corresponding to CO chemisorbed at the Zeolite surface), and 2130 cm-1 (corresponding to CO physisorbed at the Zeolite surface), providing an excellent match to the observational data. We propose that the main carrier of the 2175-band is CO chemisorbed at bare surfaces of dust grains in the interstellar medium. This result provides the first direct evidence that gas-surface interactions do not have to result in the formation of ice mantles on interstellar dust. The strength of the 2175-band is estimated to be ~ 4 x 10-19 cm molecule-1. The abundance of CO adsorbed at bare grain surfaces ranges from 0.06 to 0.16 relative to H2O ice, which is, at most, half of the abundance (relative to H2O ice) of CO residing in H2O-dominated ice environments. These findings imply that interstellar grains have a large (catalytically-active) surface area, providing a refuge for interstellar species. Consequently the potential exists for heterogeneous chemistry to occur involving CO molecules in unique surface chemistry pathways not currently considered in gas-grain models of the interstellar medium.Comment: 19 pages inc. 3 figures 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRA

Rapid multi sample DNA amplification using rotary-linear polymerase chain reaction device (PCRDisc)

Multiple sample DNA amplification was done by using a novel rotary-linear motion polymerase chain reaction (PCR) device. A simple compact disc was used to create the stationary sample chambers which are individually temperature controlled. The PCR was performed by shuttling the samples to different temperature zones by using a combined rotary-linear movement of the disc. The device was successfully used to amplify up to 12 samples in less than 30 min with a sample volume of 5 μl. A simple spring loaded heater mechanism was introduced to enable good thermal contact between the samples and the heaters. Each of the heater temperatures are controlled by using a simple proportional–integral–derivative pulse width modulation control system. The results show a good improvement in the amplification rate and duration of the samples. The reagent volume used was reduced to nearly 25% of that used in conventional method

5,7-Bis(1-benzothio­phen-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro­thieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxine

In the title compound, C22H14O2S3, the dioxane ring is disordered over two sites [site occupancies = 0.623 (3) and 0.377 (3)]; both components adopt half-chair conformations. The two benzothio­phene ring systems are asymmetrically twisted away from the attached thio­phene ring [dihedral angles = 20.57 (3) and 6.70 (3)°] and are oriented at an angle of 26.83 (3)°. No significant hydrogen bonding or π–π inter­actions are observed in the crystal structure

Absence of the common Insulin-like growth factor-1 19-repeat allele is associated with early age at breast cancer diagnosis in multiparous women

Multiparity decreases the risk of breast cancer in white women, whereas it is a risk factor in black women <50 years. Early-onset breast cancer (<50 years) has been associated with high insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels. Absence of the common IGF1 19 cytosine-adenine (CA)-repeat allele (IGF1-19/-19) inverts the effect of several non-genetic factors on breast cancer risk but the interaction between IGF1-19/-19 and multiparity on breast cancer risk is unknown. As IGF1-19/-19, multiparity and early-onset breast cancer are more common in black than in white women, we aimed to study whether multiparity combined with IGF1-19/-19 increases the risk of early-onset breast cancer. Four hundred and three breast cancer patients diagnosed in Lund, Sweden, at age 25–99 years were genotyped for the IGF1 CA-repeat length using fragment analysis. Overall, 12.9% carried the IGF1-19/-19 genotype. There was a highly significant interaction between multiparity and IGF1-19/-19 on age at breast cancer diagnosis (P=0.007). Among IGF1-19/-19 patients, multiparity was associated with a 9.2 year earlier age at diagnosis compared with uniparity or nulliparity (P=0.006). Multiparity combined with IGF1-19/-19 was associated with an early age at breast cancer diagnosis. If confirmed, IGF1-19/-19 may help identify a subgroup of women for earlier breast cancer screening