<i>meso</i>-Aryl Core-Modified Fused Sapphyrins: Syntheses and Structural Diversity

Two new, fused core-modified expanded porphyrins, sapphyrins <b>3</b> and <b>4</b>, were synthesized by a simple acid-catalyzed condensation of electron-rich and rigid precursor, dithienothiophene (DTT) diol, and core-modified tripyrrane. These sapphyrins exhibit structural diversity depending upon the heteroatom present in the macrocyclic framework, where the thiophene ring is inverted in <b>3</b>, while the selenophene ring in <b>4</b> exists in normal and inverted form in the free base and addition of two protons shifts the equilibrium to inverted form

Multiple target-based pharmacophore design from active site structures^$

<p>Health care systems have benefitted from rational drug discovery processes like vHTS, virtual high throughput screening pharmacophores and quantitative structure–activity relationships, and many challenges have been explored using such techniques: decisions on specificity and selectivity are made after screening millions of molecules for multiple targets. Recent challenges in drug research emphasize the design of drugs that bind with more than one target of interest (multi-target) and do not bind with undesirable targets. This work attempts to use a three-dimensional interaction profile of the active site of a class of proteins, identify selective positions for the binding of functional groups, called features, and develop ensembles of multi-targeted pharmacophores that retain specificity and selectivity. The goal of this study is to develop multi-target pharmacophores by computational methods using protein structures alone to guide the discovery of novel inhibitors of plasmepsins, displaying selectivity over their human homologs, cathepsin D and pepsin. The development of such novel tools is attempted using a combination of different approaches such as the molecular interaction field, clique graph and inductive logic programming to identify and compare specific and selective complementary features. The identification of selective combinations of features has resulted in the design of multi-featured specific and selective pharmacophores that are validated using antimalarial compounds in ChEMBL that are known for their anti-plasmepsin II activity. This novel method is computationally less intensive and is applicable to any known class of target structures for finding specific and selective binders simultaneously.</p

Manlig impotens- Livskvalitet, stöd och information En litteraturstudie

Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att belysa impotensens inverkan på mäns livskvalitet samt att undersöka i vilket behov av stöd och information impotenta män är och vilken roll sjuksköterskan kan ha för patientgruppen. Resultatet base-ras på tio vetenskapliga artiklar, som granskats enligt Polit, et al (2001) kriterier för hur en vetenskaplig artikel. Resultatet visar att impotens har en klar påverkan på livskvaliteten för män. B l a kände männen en förlust av sin manlighet, fick sämre självkänsla och en negativ påverkan på mannens sociala liv var tydlig. Ett behov av en mer öppen diskussion kring sexualitet efterlyses av männen samt bättre information om bakomliggande orsaker och behandlingsalternativ. Sjukskö-terskan ansågs kunna ha en betydande roll för patientgruppen impotenta män. Slutsatsen av arbetet är att man i den kliniska verksamheten måste bli bättre på att integrera sexualiteten i begreppet hälsa. Viktigt är att förstå varje mans upplevelse av impotensen och på så sätt kunna identifiera hans behov av stöd och information.The aim of this study is to find out to what extent impotence influences a mans quality of life, further purpose is to find out what needs of support and informa-tion this group of patients have, and what role the nurse can play. The result is based on ten scientific articles, that have been scrutinized using the scientific cri-teria’s presented by Polit et al (2001). The study shows that impotence affects a mans quality of life. Impotence often has a negative affect on men’s self-esteem and it can be an obstacle to his social life. Men expressed a need for a more open discussion on sexuality and a wider range of information. A nurse is considered to be able to contribute with knowledge and information for this group of patients. The conclusion is that people within medical services have to improve their way to integrate sexuality in the concept of health. The most important thing is to un-derstand every individual´s experience of impotence, identify his needs and give him suppor

Syntheses of Bipyricorroles and Their <i>Meso</i>–<i>Meso</i> Coupled Dimers

The metal-templated condensation strategy has been developed for the synthesis of <i>meso</i>-free bipyricorrole complexes. The reactive <i>meso</i>-CH in the monomer complex is further treated with various oxidative coupling reagents such as AgPF₆, AgOTf, and FeCl₃. Unlike Ag­(I) salts, the FeCl₃ resulted in a <i>meso</i>–<i>meso</i>-linked corrole homologue dimer. The synthetic methodologies successfully introduce the Pd^II monomer as well as Pd^II–Pd^II dimeric complexes in the corrole chemistry

Rhodium(III) and Iridium(III) Bipyricorrole Complexes: Syntheses, Structures, and Properties

Rhodium­(III) and iridium­(III) bipyricorrole complexes have been unprecedentedly reported. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies unambiguously evinced the molecular structures of metal complexes in octahedral geometry. The monoanionic platform of bipyricorrole effectively stabilizes metal ions in their higher oxidation states. It is worth mentioning that the fluorescence quantum yield of the rhodium­(III) complex is 3-fold higher than that of free-base bipyricorrole

Using a Tunable Quantum Wire To Measure the Large out-of-Plane Spin Splitting of Quasi Two-Dimensional Holes in a GaAs Nanostructure

The out-of-plane <i>g</i>-factor <i>g</i>_⊥^* for quasi two-dimensional (2D) holes in a (100) GaAs heterostructure is studied using a variable width quantum wire. A direct measurement of the Zeeman splitting is performed in a magnetic field applied perpendicular to the 2D plane. We measure an out-of-plane <i>g</i>-factor up to <i>g</i>_⊥^* = 5, which is larger than previous optical studies of <i>g</i>_⊥^* and is approaching the long predicted but never experimentally verified out-of-plane <i>g</i>-factor of 7.2 for heavy holes

<i>meso</i>-Tetrakis(<i>p</i>-sulfonatophenyl)N-Confused Porphyrin Tetrasodium Salt: A Potential Sensitizer for Photodynamic Therapy

A water-soluble derivative of N-confused porphyrin (NCP) was synthesized, and the photodynamic therapeutic (PDT) application was investigated by photophysical and <i>in vitro</i> studies. High singlet oxygen quantum yield in water at longer wavelength and promising IC₅₀ values in a panel of cancer cell lines ensure the potential candidacy of the sensitizer as a PDT drug. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation on PDT in MDA-MB 231 cells and the apoptotic pathway of cell death was illustrated using different techniques

<i>ansa</i>-Ferrocene-Incorporated Calixpyrroles and Calixphyrins: Syntheses and Spectral/Structural Characterization

The syntheses and spectral/structural characterization of <i>ansa</i>-ferrocene-incorporated <i>normal</i> calixphyrins and <i>core-modified</i> calixpyrroles and calixphyrins are reported. Acid-promoted dehydrative condensation of 1,1′-bis­(dimethylpyrrolylmethyl)­ferrocene and 2,5-bis­(dimethylhydroxymethyl)­thiophene/furan yielded <i>ansa</i>-ferrocene-based <i>core-modified</i> calixpyrroles, while acid-catalyzed dehydrative condensation of 1,1′-bis­(diphenylpyrrolylmethyl)­ferrocene with the aryl aldehydes and 2,5-bis­(phenylhydroxymethyl)­thiophene followed by DDQ oxidation resulted in the formation of <i>ansa</i>-ferrocene-appended <i>normal</i> and <i>core-modified</i> calixphyrins, respectively. The newly synthesized macrocycles were characterized by FAB-MS, NMR, and UV–vis spectral analyses and finally confirmed by single-crystal X-ray structural analysis. All these studies clearly revealed the introduction of ferrocene in the main framework of the corresponding macrocycles in an <i>ansa</i>-type way. The <i>core-modified</i> calixpyrroles adopt a 1,3-alternate conformation, while the corresponding calixphyrins maintained partial planarity along the tripyrrin plane due to the presence of <i>meso</i> sp² carbon and generated curved staircase conformation. In addition to the intramolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions, calixphyrins generate self-assembled dimers, one- and two-dimensional supramolecular assemblies through intermolecular hydrogen bonding in the solid state