Paraesophageal hiatal hernia: Open vs. laparoscopic surgery Hernia de hiato paraesofágica: cirugía laparoscópica vs. cirugía abierta

Background: paraesophageal hiatal hernia represents 5-10% of hiatal hernias. Its importance is based on the severe complications it may have, including gastric volvulus, and surgical treatment is recommended when a diagnosis is established. Material and methods: a retrospective study of all patients who underwent surgery for paresophageal hernia between 1985 and 2007. Results: we studied 90 cases, 68 females and 22 males with a median age of 67.6 years (37-96). Forty-five patients reported pyrosis, 34 epigastric postprandial pain, and 15 dysphagia; eight patients were diagnosed with gastric volvulus. Eighty-one patients underwent elective surgery and 9 emergency surgery. Forty-seven cases underwent an open procedure and 43 a laparoscopic one; 5 (11.6%) of them required conversion. The techniques performed were D'Or fundoplication in 35 cases, Nissen in 35, Toupet in 14, simple hiatal closure in 2, Narbona in 1, and Lortat-Jakob in 1; in 10 patients a mesh was placed. The complication rate for open procedure was 10.6 and 9.5% for the laparoscopic one (p > 0.05). Median hospital stay was 9.1 days for the open procedure and 3.4 for the laparoscopic one (p < 0.05). As follow-up, we analyzed 84 patients. After a median follow-up of 12 years (1-19), 15 patients were still symptomatic (17.8%), with recurrence in 8 cases (5 required reoperation). The satisfaction rate was 95.5%. Conclusion: equivalent results were observed after laparoscopic and open surgery and a significant shorter hospital stay in the laparoscopic one. Therefore, we think that laparoscopic surgery should be considered as the election procedure for paraesophageal hiatal hernia.<br>Introducción: la hernia hiatal paraesofágica representa el 5-10% de las hernias hiatales. Su importancia radica en las graves complicaciones que pueden presentar, como el vólvulo gástrico, y se recomienda el tratamiento quirúrgico una vez establecido el diagnóstico. Material y métodos: estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes intervenidos en nuestro centro de hernia hiatal paraesofágica entre 1985 y 2007. Resultados: estudiamos 90 casos, 68 mujeres y 22 varones, con edad media de 67,6 años (37-96). Cuarenta y cinco pacientes presentaban pirosis, 34 dolor epigástrico postprandial y 15 disfagia; ocho pacientes fueron diagnosticados como vólvulo gástrico. Se realizaron 81 intervenciones programadas y 9 urgentes. En 47 casos el abordaje fue abierto y en 43 laparoscópico, de los cuales 5 se convirtieron a cirugía abierta. Se realizó funduplicatura D'Or en 35 casos, Nissen en 35, Toupet en 14, cierre simple de pilares en 2, Narbona en 1 y Lortat-Jakob en 1; en 10 pacientes se colocaron mallas. La tasa de complicaciones en cirugía abierta fue 10,6% y en laparoscópica 9,5% (p > 0,05). La estancia media fue 9,1 días en cirugía abierta y 3,4 en laparoscópica (p < 0,05). En el seguimiento, analizamos 84 pacientes, con una mediana de 12 años (1-19): 15 continuaban sintomáticos, objetivándose recidiva en 8 (5 fueron reintervenidos). El 95,5% de los pacientes estaban satisfechos con los resultados. Conclusión: se obtuvieron resultados equivalentes tras cirugía laparoscópica y abierta, con estancia hospitalaria significativamente menor en los primeros. Por ello creemos que se debe considerar la cirugía laparoscópica como abordaje de elección para tratar la hernia hiatal paraesofágica

Surgical outcomes in the pheochromocytoma surgery. Results from the PHEO-RISK STUDY.

To identify presurgical and surgical risk factors for postsurgical complications in the pheochromocytoma surgery. A retrospective study of pheochromocytomas submitted to surgery in ten Spanish hospitals between 2011 and 2021. Postoperative complications were classified according to Clavien-Dindo scale. One hundred and sixty-two surgeries (159 patients) were included. Preoperative antihypertensive blockade was performed in 95.1% of the patients, being doxazosin in monotherapy (43.8%) the most frequent regimen. Patients pre-treated with doxazosin required intraoperative hypotensive treatment more frequently (49.4% vs 25.0%, P = 0.003) than patients treated with phenoxybenzamine, but no differences in the rate of intraoperative and postsurgical complications were observed. However, patients treated with phenoxybenzamine had a longer hospital stay (12.2 ± 11.16 vs 6.2 ± 6.82, P  Preoperative medical treatment and postsurgical monitoring of pheochromocytoma should be especially careful in patients with diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, higher levels of plasma glucose and urine free metanephrine and norepinephrine, and with pheochromocytomas >5 cm, due to the higher risk of postsurgical complications

Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy in oldest-old patients: a propensity score matched analysis of a nationwide registry

The role of early laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ELC) in “oldest-old” patients with acute calculous cholecystitis (ACC) is still controversial. The aim of this study is to assess the safety of ELC for ACC in ≥ 85-year-old patients. Multicentric retrospective study that analysed data of patients who underwent ELC for ACC between 2013 and 2018. Patients ≥ 85-year-old (oldest-old patients) were compared with younger patients, before and after propensity score matching (PSM). The main outcomes were mortality, post-operative complications, length of stay (LOS), and readmissions. The study included 1670 patients. The unmatched comparison revealed a selection bias towards the oldest-old group, which was associated with higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (5 vs 1, p &lt; 0.001), more ASA III/IV subjects (54.2% vs 19.3%, p &lt; 0.001), class II/III ACC (80.1% vs 69.1%, p = 0.016) and higher Chole-Risk Score (p &gt; 0.001). The oldest-old also required more conversion to open surgery (20% vs 10.3%, p = 0.005). Postoperatively, they had a higher 90-day mortality rate (7.6% vs 1%, p &lt; 0.001), more total complications (40.6% vs 17.7%, p &lt; 0.001), complications ≥ IIIa Clavien–Dindo (14.4% vs 5.8%, p = 0.002), longer LOS (6 vs 5&nbsp;days, p &lt; 0.001), and more readmissions (6.6% vs 2.6%, p &lt; 0.001). After PSM (n = 206), the two groups were comparable in terms of baseline characteristics and intraoperative outcomes. No differences were observed in post-operative complications; bile leak; incisional, intrabdominal, urinary or respiratory tract infections; LOS or readmissions. In the oldest-old, ELC for ACC is still associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, it seems to be safe in selected patients. Therefore, age itself should not be regarded as a contraindication to ELC for ACC