55 research outputs found
Anomalous roughness with system size dependent local roughness exponent
We note that in a system far from equilibrium the interface roughening may
depend on the system size which plays the role of control parameter. To detect
the size effect on the interface roughness, we study the scaling properties of
rough interfaces formed in paper combustion experiments. Using paper sheets of
different width \lambda L, we found that the turbulent flame fronts display
anomalous multi-scaling characterized by non universal global roughness
exponent \alpha and the system size dependent spectrum of local roughness
exponents,\xi_q, whereas the burning fronts possess conventional multi-affine
scaling. The structure factor of turbulent flame fronts also exhibit
unconventional scaling dependence on \lambda These results are expected to
apply to a broad range of far from equilibrium systems, when the kinetic energy
fluctuations exceed a certain critical value.Comment: 33 pages, 16 figure
Dynamic scaling approach to study time series fluctuations
We propose a new approach for properly analyzing stochastic time series by
mapping the dynamics of time series fluctuations onto a suitable nonequilibrium
surface-growth problem. In this framework, the fluctuation sampling time
interval plays the role of time variable, whereas the physical time is treated
as the analog of spatial variable. In this way we found that the fluctuations
of many real-world time series satisfy the analog of the Family-Viscek dynamic
scaling ansatz. This finding permits to use the powerful tools of kinetic
roughening theory to classify, model, and forecast the fluctuations of
real-world time series.Comment: 25 pages, 7 figures, 1 tabl
Power law scaling of lateral deformations with universal Poissons index for randomly folded thin sheets
We study the lateral deformations of randomly folded elastoplastic and
predominantly plastic thin sheets under the uniaxial and radial compressions.
We found that the lateral deformations of cylinders folded from elastoplastic
sheets of paper obey a power law behavior with the universal Poissons index nu
= 0.17 pm 0.01, which does not depend neither the paper kind and sheet sizes,
nor the folding confinement ratio. In contrast to this, the lateral
deformations of randomly folded predominantly plastic aluminum foils display
the linear dependence on the axial compression with the universal Poissons
ratio nu_e = 0.33 pm 0.01. This difference is consistent with the difference in
fractal topology of randomly folded elastoplastic and predominantly plastic
sheets, which is found to belong to different universality classes. The general
form of constitutive stress-deformation relations for randomly folded
elastoplastic sheets is suggested
Scaling of Crack Surfaces and Implications on Fracture Mechanics
The scaling laws describing the roughness development of crack surfaces are
incorporated into the Griffith criterion. We show that, in the case of a
Family-Vicsek scaling, the energy balance leads to a purely elastic brittle
behavior. On the contrary, it appears that an anomalous scaling reflects a
R-curve behavior associated to a size effect of the critical resistance to
crack growth in agreement with the fracture process of heterogeneous brittle
materials exhibiting a microcracking damage.Comment: Revtex, 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Physical
Review Letter
Size Effect in Fracture: Roughening of Crack Surfaces and Asymptotic Analysis
Recently the scaling laws describing the roughness development of fracture
surfaces was proposed to be related to the macroscopic elastic energy released
during crack propagation [Mor00]. On this basis, an energy-based asymptotic
analysis allows to extend the link to the nominal strength of structures. We
show that a Family-Vicsek scaling leads to the classical size effect of linear
elastic fracture mechanics. On the contrary, in the case of an anomalous
scaling, there is a smooth transition from the case of no size effect, for
small structure sizes, to a power law size effect which appears weaker than the
linear elastic fracture mechanics one, in the case of large sizes. This
prediction is confirmed by fracture experiments on wood.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review
Interface Depinning in the Absence of External Driving Force
We study the pinning-depinning phase transition of interfaces in the quenched
Kardar-Parisi-Zhang model as the external driving force goes towards zero.
For a fixed value of the driving force we induce depinning by increasing the
nonlinear term coefficient , which is related to lateral growth, up to
a critical threshold. We focus on the case in which there is no external force
applied (F=0) and find that, contrary to a simple scaling prediction, there is
a finite value of that makes the interface to become depinned. The
critical exponents at the transition are consistent with directed percolation
depinning. Our results are relevant for paper wetting experiments, in which an
interface gets moving with no external driving force.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures included, uses epsf. Submitted to PR
Apparatus for measuring the thermophysical properties of reactor materials at elevated temperatures
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