Aptamer-based Diamond Biosensors for Protein Detection

制度:新 ; 報告番号:甲3720号 ; 学位の種類:博士(工学) ; 授与年月日:2012/9/15 ; 主論文の冊数:1 ; 早大学位記番号:新6090Waseda Universit

Current and Potential Developments of Cortisol Aptasensing towards Point-of-Care Diagnostics (POTC)

Anxiety is a psychological problem that often emerges during the normal course of human life. The detection of anxiety often involves a physical exam and a self-reporting questionnaire. However, these approaches have limitations, as the data might lack reliability and consistency upon application to the same population over time. Furthermore, there might be varying understanding and interpretations of the particular question by the participant, which necessitating the approach of using biomarker-based measurement for stress diagnosis. The most prominent biomarker related to stress, hormone cortisol, plays a key role in the fight-or-flight situation, alters the immune response, and suppresses the digestive and the reproductive systems. We have taken the endeavour to review the available aptamer-based biosensor (aptasensor) for cortisol detection. The potential point-of-care diagnostic strategies that could be harnessed for the aptasensing of cortisol were also envisaged

Effect of heating duration on the synthesis of silicon carbide nanotubes by microwave heating of MWCNTs and silica

In this article, the effect of heating duration on the synthesis of silicon carbide nanotubes (SiCNTs) was reported. SiCNTs were synthesized from blend of silicon dioxide (SiO2) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in the ratio of 1:3 by using the microwave heating at 1400°C and maintained at duration of 20, 40 and 60 min, respectively. SiCNTs synthesized at heating duration of 40 and 60 min showed the presence of single phase β-SiC in X-ray diffraction patterns. Meanwhile, field emission scanning electron microscope images showed that SiCNTs were formed and no residual of SiO2 and MWCNTs was observed for SiCNTs formed at heating duration of 40 and 60 min. Transmission electron microscopy images showed the SiCNTs have inter-planar spacing of 0.263 nm and tubular structure of nanotube were retained. The peak corresponded to β-SiC was observed at wavelength of 465 nm from the photoluminescence spectroscopy and associated with energy band gap of 2.67 eV. Absorption bands of Si-C bond were detected at 806.23 cm-1 from the Fourier transform infrared spectra. High purity SiCNTs was obtained at 40 and 60 min as indicated by low weight loss by thermo-gravimetric analysis. 40 min is the most suitable heating duration for the synthesis of single phase β-SiCNTs

Rapid and Sensitive E-Coli DNA Detection by Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles

Escherichia Coli (E. coli) issue has been discovered since 1985 according to its ability to cause large outbreaks of gastrointestinal illness especially O157:H7 type. A new and simple method for label free, rapid and inexpensive of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles biosensor based transducer on E. Coli DNA has been fabricated via sol-gel spin-coating technique. A simple quantitative approach was used to detect the existence of E. coli on the fabricated device. Extremely small steady current (picoammeters) were achieved, which indicates that this device can possibly go to very high sensitivities sensor towards DNA detection. A simple electrical signal of current-to-voltage (I-V) which provides small current was used to verify all the measurement of the device. (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) was functionalized through silanization process to modify the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles through the covalent bond between hydroxyl groups of TiO2 and organofunctional alkoxysilane group from APTES. The probe DNA was successfully immobilized and performed for hybridization with complementary DNA when the current is 3.5 E-10 ≤ I ≤ 4.5 E-10 A. The microchip showed reliable capture of E. coli in deionized water with an efficiency of 33.6% ± 5% at concentration of 1.0 μM

Preparation of DNA biosensor application from fuel oil waste by functionalization and characterization of MWCNT

The potential of using a multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) synthesized from a fuel oil waste of power plants has discovered for the first time for DNA biosensors application. The MWCNT surface morphologies were examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The thickness of the MWCNT was found 203nm and confirmed by FESEM. The electrochemical DNA biosensor was successfully developed using a MWCNT modified on SiO2 thin films. The capacitance measurements were performed to detect the sensitivity of DNA detection. The change in capacitance before and after immobilization of the DNA was measured in the frequency range of 1Hz to 1MHz. The results indicate that bare device exhibited the lowest capacitance value, which was 32.7μF. The capacitance value of the DNA immobilization increase to 52μF. The permittivity and conductivity also were examined to study the effect of the DNA immobilization toward the MWCNT modified surface. This present demonstrated that the MWCNT modified SiO2 a thin film was successfully fabricated for DNA biosensor detection. Keywords: Carbon nanotubes, Sensors, Thin films, Electrochemical DN

Ultrasensitive and Highly Selective Graphene-Based Field-Effect Transistor Biosensor for Anti-Diuretic Hormone Detection

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), which can be congenital or acquired, results from the failure of the kidney to respond to the anti-diuretic hormone (ADH). This will lead to excessive water loss from the body in the form of urine. The kidney, therefore, has a crucial role in maintaining water balance and it is vital to restore this function in an artificial kidney. Herein, an ultrasensitive and highly selective aptameric graphene-based field-effect transistor (GFET) sensor for ADH detection was developed by directly immobilizing ADH-specific aptamer on a surface-modified suspended graphene channel. This direct immobilization of aptamer on the graphene surface is an attempt to mimic the functionality of collecting tube V 2 receptors in the ADH biosensor. This aptamer was then used as a probe to capture ADH peptide at the sensing area which leads to changes in the concentration of charge carriers in the graphene channel. The biosensor shows a significant increment in the relative change of current ratio from 5.76 to 22.60 with the increase of ADH concentration ranging from 10 ag/mL to 1 pg/mL. The ADH biosensor thus exhibits a sensitivity of 50.00 µA· ( g / mL ) − 1 with a limit of detection as low as 3.55 ag/mL. In specificity analysis, the ADH biosensor demonstrated a higher current value which is 338.64 µA for ADH-spiked in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and 557.89 µA for ADH-spiked in human serum in comparison with other biomolecules tested. This experimental evidence shows that the ADH biosensor is ultrasensitive and highly selective towards ADH in PBS buffer and ADH-spiked in human serum

Application of Gold Nanoparticles for Electrochemical DNA Biosensor

An electrochemical DNA biosensor was successfully fabricated by using (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) as a linker molecule combined with the gold nanoparticles (GNPs) on thermally oxidized SiO2 thin films. The SiO2 thin films surface was chemically modified with a mixture of APTES and GNPs for DNA detection in different time periods of 30 min, 1 hour, 2 hours, and 4 hours, respectively. The DNA immobilization and hybridization were conducted by measuring the differences of the capacitance value within the frequency range of 1 Hz to 1 MHz. The capacitance values for DNA immobilization were 160 μF, 77.8 μF, 70 μF, and 64.6 μF, respectively, with the period of time from 30 min to 4 hours. Meanwhile the capacitance values for DNA hybridization were 44 μF, 54 μF, 55 μF, and 61.5 μF, respectively. The capacitance value of bare SiO2 thin film was 0.42 μF, which was set as a base line for a reference in DNA detection. The differences of the capacitance value between the DNA immobilization and hybridization revealed that the modified SiO2 thin films using APTES and GNPs were successfully developed for DNA detection