Comparative legal analysis of health systems in the Russian Federation and Switzerland

This article is devoted to a comparative legal analysis of healthcare systems in Russia and in Switzerland. The fundamental differences are identified. The legal nature of the healthcare system, the implementation of state control in the field of healthcare in the Russian Federation and in Switzerland, as well as promising directions for overcoming them are reveale

COMPARISON OF Au, Au-Pt, AND Au-Ag NANOPARTICLES AS MARKERS FOR THE IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF NONYLPHENOL

This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant no. 22-13-00293)

Effect of adenosine on myocardial protection increased exercise tolerance and decrease the frequency of angina in elderly patients with chronic total occlusion of coronary arteries

It were investigated the effects of adenosine on the cases of myonecrosis after non-urgent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This was a prospective, randomized, open-label study. Patients who were scheduled for non-urgent PCI were eligible. All patients were pretreated with aspirin and clopidogrel. Myonecrosis was measured by creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) and troponins elevation after PCI. A total of 49 patients were randomized into two groups: the adenosine (n = 39) and standard (n = 30) group. The adenosine group received 10 mg adenosine bolus before wiring of each lesion, whereas the standard group did not. Pretreatment with 10 mg of adenosine a decreases the incidence of myonecrosis after undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention and restoration of exercise endurance, save the patients from having anginal attacks of a chronic total occlusion in coronary arteries comparing with that without pretreatment.Изучено влияние интракоронарного введения триггера ишемического прекондиционирования (ИП) аденозина на снижение частоты развития ассоциированного с чрескожными коронарными вмешательствами (ЧКВ) инфаркта миокарда (ИМ), толерантностть к физической нагрузке (ТФН), частоту ангинозных приступов у пожилых больных при проведении операций реканализации хронических окклюзий коронарных артерий (ХОКА). Пациенты разделены на две группы: I группа - интракоронарное введение 10 мг аденозина перед ЧКВ (п=39) и II группа - пациенты, которым ЧКВ проводили без введения аденозина (п=30). Определяли тропонин I (Тн I), MB фракцию креатинфосфокиназы (МВ-КФК) за 1 час до ЧКВ, через 18-24 часа и на 5-е сутки после ЧКВ. Оценивали частоту развития ассоциированного с ЧКВ инфаркта миокарда (ИМ) согласно критериям ESC/ACCF/AHA/WHF (2007), необходимости в повторном чрескожном коронарном вмешательстве (ЧКВ) и экстренной операции аортокоронарного шунтирования (АКШ) в госпитальном периоде, через 12 месяцев и 3 года. С целью оценки влияния интракоронарного введения аденозина на толерантность к физической нагрузке оценивали пороговую мощность нагрузки (ПМ), продолжительность физической нагрузки (ПН), двойное произведение (ДП), и частоту приступов стенокардии в сутки через 24 часа, месяц и 12 месяцев и 3 года после операции. Интракоронарное ведение триггера ишемического прекондиционирования аденозина снижает частоту развития периоперационной ишемии и ассоциированного с ЧКВ инфаркта миокарда, что приводит к статистически достоверному повышению толерантности к физической нагрузке, продолжительности физической нагрузке, двойного произведения и значительно снижает частоту приступов стенокардии в сравнении с контрольной группой

ОЦЕНКА УРОВНЯ КАРДИОМАРКЁРОВ И ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ МИОКАРДА У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С РЕКАНАЛИЗАЦИЕЙ ХРОНИЧЕСКИХ ОККЛЮЗИЙ КОРОНАРНЫХ АРТЕРИЙ ПРИ ПРИМЕНЕНИИ НАГРУЗОЧНЫХ ДОЗ АТОРВАСТАТИНА

Aim. To assess the effects of high dose atorvastatin loading on the reduction of the rate of myocardial infarction associated with percutaneous coronary interventions and to estimate functional state of myocardium in patients with recanalization of chronic total occlusions in coronary arteries.Methods. 82 patients who underwent recanalization of chronic total occlusions in coronary arteries were enrolled in the study. The study group included 38 patients who received atorvastatin 80 mg before surgery. The control group consisted of 44 patients who did not receive atorvastatin. Troponin I and CPK-MB fraction were measured in both groups 1 day prior and 24 hours after percutaneous coronary intervention. Functional parameters of the myocardium were estimated with echocardiography 1 day before and 24 hours after percutaneous coronary intervention.Results. 3 patients (7.9%) in the study group demonstrated moderate elevation of troponin I levels. 11 (25%) patients in the control had over 5-fold increase from the baseline in troponin I levels. 24 hours after percutaneous coronary intervention, elevated CPK-MB was found in 3 (7.9%) patients from the study group and in 16 (36.4%) patients from the control group. There were no statistically significant differences found in echocardiography parameters between the groups.Conclusion. Atorvastatin 80 mg has a protective effect and prevents periprocedural myocardial ischemia. However, it does not produce any effects on central hemodynamic parameters in the immediate postoperative period. Цель. Исследовать влияние нагрузочных доз аторвастатина на снижение ассоциированного с чрескожными коронарными вмешательствами (ЧКВ) инфаркта миокарда и функциональное состояние миокарда при реканализации хронических окклюзий коронарных артерий (ХОКА).Материалы и методы. В исследование вошло 82 пациента, подвергшихся реканализации ХОКА. В основную группу вошло 38 пациентов с применением нагрузочной дозы аторвастатина 80 мг за сутки до операции, в контрольную 44 пациента без применения нагрузочной дозы. В обеих группах определялся тропонин I и МВ фракция креатинфосфокиназы (МВ-КФК) за 1 сутки до и через 24 часа после ЧКВ. Также оценивалось функциональное состояние миокарда с помощью эхокардиографии за 1 сутки до и через 24 часа после ЧКВ.Результаты. В основной группе через 24 часа после операции у 3 (7,9%) больных отмечалось умеренное повышение уровня тропонинов. В контрольной группе у 11 (25,0%) человек было определено повышение уровня тропонинов в 5 и более раз. Через сутки после эндоваскулярной реваскуляризации, в основной группе у 3 (7,9%) пациентов отмечалось повышение уровня МВ-КФК, в контрольной группе это параметр был повышен у 16 (36,4%) пациентов. Через 24 часа после эндоваскулярной реваскуляризации не было отмечено статистически достоверного изменения эхокардиографических параметров ни в одной из групп.Заключение. Применение нагрузочной дозы аторвастатина в 80 мг обладает протективным эффектом и предотвращает развитие периоперационной ишемии миокарда. При этом не оказывает значимого влияния на показатели центральной гемодинамики в ближайшем периоде.

MAGNETIC PROPERTIES AND MAGNETOCALORIC EFFECT OF Ho0.2Y0.8(Co0.84Fe0.16)2 COMPOUND

In this paper, presents the results of a study of the temperature and field dependences (H) of magnetization (M) and magnetocaloric effect (ΔSm) of Ho0.2Y0.8(Co0.84Fe0.16)2 compounds at 2 ÷ 380 K and in magnetic fields up to 90 kOe. A metamagnetic transition was found on M(H) at temperatures ≤ 40 K.Работа выполнена в рамках гранта Российского научного фонда № 19-72-00038

Magnetic Properties and Magnetocaloric Effect of Y(Co1-xFex)2 Compounds

In this paper, presents the results of a study of the temperature and field dependences (H) of magnetization (M) and magnetocaloric effect (ΔSm) of Y(Co1-XFeX)2 compounds at 2 – 380 K and in magnetic fields up to 90 kOe.Работа выполнена при поддержке Государственного контракта FEUZ-2020-0051 между УрФУ и Министерством высшего образования РФ

Palaeobiology of latest Ediacaran phosphorites from the upper Khesen Formation, Khuvsgul Group, northern Mongolia

Microfossil assemblages that include large acritarchs with complex processes, known as Doushantuo-Pertatataka-type acritarchs, are recovered from early Ediacaran successions globally. They are commonly found in shale and chert lithologies, but their diversity and palaeobiological significance is greatest when they are phosphatized. The best-known examples are from the Doushantuo Formation, South China, which preserves over 60 taxa including possible embryonic forms which may represent the oldest fossil animals. Fossils have only been recorded in four Ediacaran phosphorite deposits. Here we report the fifth such occurrence, from phosphorites of the upper Khesen Formation, Khuvsgul Group, northern Mongolia, where preservation rivals that in the Doushantuo Formation. The assemblage includes the likely cyanobacteria Obruchevella delicata, O. magna, O. parvissima and O. valdaica, as well as various Siphonophycus filaments, the possible alga Archaeophycus yunnanensis, and the Doushantuo-Pertatataka-type acritarchs Appendisphaera grandis, A. fragilis, A. tenuis, Cavaspina basiconica, Variomargosphaeridium gracile and V. aculeiparvum, sp. nov. The phosphorites also preserve the multicellular embryo-like taxon Megasphaera, which is represented by M. minuscula sp. nov. and potentially by M. puncticulosa. Geological and chemostratigraphical data suggest a latest Ediacaran age for the Khesen assemblage, immediately prior to the Proterozoic–Phanerozoic boundary. Thus, this is the youngest Doushantuo-Pertatataka-type microfossil assemblage yet described. It extends the range of Appendisphaera, Cavaspina, Megasphaera and Variomargosphaeridium upward by tens of millions of years. The assemblage adds to a growing database of Ediacaran fossils and emphasizes the importance of Mongolian strata to understanding the transition from a broadly microbial Proterozoic Eon to a Phanerozoic Eon where macroscopic animals acted as geobiological agents

STATINS PROTECTIVE ROLE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSIONS OF CORONARY ARTERIES IN INTRACORONARY INTERVENTIONS

The article is devoted to the current state of the problem of statin use in interventional cardiology. It is shown that the use of statins in patients with stable manifestations of coronary heart disease, and in patients with acute coronary syndrome has a protective effect, which is reflected in the reduction of perioperative myocardial ischemia, improvement of left ventricular systolic function, reducing the number of adverse cardiac events. It is known that the protective role of statins is associated not only with the cholesterol-lowering effect, but also with a large number of pleiotropic effects. A lot of attention is paid to the complex and problematic group of patients with chronic total occlusions of coronary arteries (CTO). The presence of CTO is associated with poor prognosis and increased mortality in long-term period. A significant problem during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with the CTO is a frequent development of perioperative ischemia or myocardial infarction, which is associated with an increased mortality rates within 30 days after PCI, as well as in the long-term period. Currently, mostly proved protective effect of atorvastatin. Based on the analysis of contemporary literature is concluded that statin efficacy in the prevention of complications of PCI in patients with CTO is currently not in doubt

STATINS PROTECTIVE ROLE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSIONS OF CORONARY ARTERIES IN INTRACORONARY INTERVENTIONS

The study objective is evaluate atherosclerosis burden on atorvastatin protective effect in patients with chronic total occlusion recanalization. Methods. 38 patients underwent recanalization of chronic total occlusions. All patients received a loading dose of atorvastatin 80 mg before surgery. Further patients were divided into high and low risk group according to SYNTAX score. In both groups, troponin I, CF fraction of creatine phosphokinase, functional parameters of the myocardium were measured 1 day prior to surgery, 24 hours and 1 month after the surgery. Results. In the high risk group there was discovered more significant troponin I rising compared with low risk group. In the low risk group troponin I level was significantly lower. CF fraction of creatine phosphokinase in both groups was similar. There were no statistically significant changes in echocardiography parameters. Conclusion. Atorvastatin loading dose has a protective effect and prevents periprocedural myocardial ischemia. At the same time this effect appears only in patients with low atherosclerosis burden - SYNTAX score less than 19.5. At the same time it doesn’t influence on central hemodynamics in short-term period

Possibilities of atorvastatin loading dose using for the prevention of perioperative myocardial damage in patients with stable coronary artery disease

The aim was to assess the effect of a single atorvastatin loading dose on reducing the frequency of perioperative myocardial damage. Perioperative myocardial damage is a complication of endovascular revascularization of the coronary arteries. This complication significantly aggravates the operative and life prognosis of the patients. Atorvastatin loading dose has a protective effect, which can significantly reduce the percentage of perioperative myocardial damage and therefore improve the patient’s prognosis. This article presents an analysis of studies, dedicated to the effect of atorvastatin loading dose on perioperative myocardial damage in patients with stable coronary artery disease