15 research outputs found
AN X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDY OF DISORDER IN GaAlAs-GaAs SUPERLATTICES
Un désordre a été introduit dans des superréseaux GaAlAs-GaAs fabriqués par E J M, en faisant varier intentionnellement, suivant une loi gaussienne, les épaisseurs des puits de GaAs. Les diagrammes de diffraction X donnés par ces structures présentent au voisinage des réflexions satellites d'ordre différent de zéro, des effets inhabituels (pics supplémentaires) qui croissent avec le désordre. Un modÚle mathématique basé sur la théorie cinématique permet, connaissant la séquence de croissance, d'expliquer dans le détail les profils observés.An intentional disorder has been introduced in MBE grown GaAlAs-GaAs superlattices by varying, following a gaussian law, the thicknesses of the GaAs wells. The experimental X-ray diffraction diagrams given by these structures show in the vicinity of non-zero order satellite reflections, unusual effects (extra-peaks) increasing with disorder. A mathematical model based on the kinematical theory was established : it allows the computing of the detailed shape of the diffraction profiles, provided the grown sequence is known
Stability of (114) and (114) facets in IIIâV compounds under usual MBE conditions
International audienc
Etude des interdiffusions en phase solide dans le contact Ni/AlAs
Solid-state interdiffusions between a thin film of nickel deposited under vacuum conditions and a thick layer of epitaxial AlAs on GaAs (001) and (111) substrates were investigated in the temperature range 200-600 C. Complementary analytical methods (RBS, X-ray diffraction, TEM) allow us to point out, according to annealing temperatures, successives steps of the interaction. These steps correspond either to ternary phases which were evidenced by the experimental determination of the Ni-Al-As phase diagram and labelled as A, B and D phases by comparison with the isostructural ternary phases in the Ni-Ga-As diagram or to mixture of ternaries and binaries, more or less strongly textured on the substrate. In fact, the nature of the observed phases is strongly depending on the AlAs substrate orientation, the kinetic of the reaction occurring being slower on AlAs(111) than on AlAs(001). On AlAs(001), a ternary B-phase + NiAl mixture is firstly observed, followed by a second mixture constituted of the ternary A-phase + NiAl and NiAs binaries, and finally, at the end of the interaction, the two binaries NiAl + NiAs appear. On AlAs(111), only two steps of interaction have been found; first of all, the ternary D-phase is obtained, before leading, at the end of the interaction, to the ternary B-phase + NiAl + NiAs mixture. In that case, the 600 C annealing is not sufficient to reach the mixture of the binaries NiAl + NiAs which, according to the ternary phase diagram, is the final stage of the Ni/AlAs interaction. The comparative study of the Ni/AlAs and Ni/GaAs interdiffusions shows that the binary NiAl is the âkeyâ compound around which the Ni/AlAs interaction progresses when NiAs is the one of the Ni/GaAs interaction. The binary NiAl which is thermally stable and strongly textured on AlAs appears as an interesting candidate to prepare epitaxial NiAl/AlAs/GaAs heterostructures.Les interdiffusions en phase solide entre une couche mince de nickel dĂ©posĂ©e dans des conditions d'ultra-vide et des couches Ă©paisses d'AlAs Ă©pitaxiĂ©es sur des substrats de GaAs orientĂ©s (001) et (111) ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©es aprĂšs des traitements thermiques d'une heure, sous balayage de gaz neutres, entre 200 et 600 C. L'utilisation de techniques complĂ©mentaires d'analyse (RBS, diffraction X, MET) a permis de mettre en Ă©vidence, en fonction de la tempĂ©rature de recuit, plusieurs Ă©tapes successives d'interaction. Ces Ă©tapes correspondent soit Ă des phases ternaires, mises en Ă©vidence lors de la dĂ©termination expĂ©rimentale du diagramme Ni-Al-As et notĂ©es A, B, D par analogie avec celles du diagramme Ni-Ga-As, soit Ă des mĂ©langes de phases constituĂ©es de binaires et/ou de ternaires, toutes ces phases Ă©tant plus ou moins fortement texturĂ©es sur le substrat. En fait, la nature des phases en prĂ©sence dĂ©pend de l'orientation du substrat, la cinĂ©tique de rĂ©action apparaissant plus lente pour l'interaction Ni/AlAs(111) que pour celle Ni/AlAs(001), les Ă©tapes successives sont observĂ©es : tout d'abord un mĂ©lange constituĂ© de la phase ternaire B + NiAl puis un autre mĂ©lange : phase ternaire A + NiAl + NiAs et en fin d'interaction les deux binaires : NiAl + NiAs. Sur AlAs(111), seules deux Ă©tapes sont mises en Ă©vidence, la premiĂšre correspond Ă la phase ternaire D, la seconde, en fin d'interaction, est constituĂ©e du mĂ©lange : phase B + NiAl + NiAs. On remarque dans ce cas le recuit Ă 600 C n'est pas suffisant pour atteindre le mĂ©lange des binaires NiAl et NiAs qui, selon le diagramme ternaire, est le stade ultime de l'interaction Ni/AlAs. L'analyse comparĂ©e des interdiffusions Ni/AlAs et Ni/GaAs montre que NiAl est le composĂ© âclĂ©â autour duquel pivote l'interaction Ni/AlAs alors que ce rĂŽle Ă©tait jouĂ© par NiAs lors des interdiffusions Ni/GaAs. Thermiquement stable et fortement texturĂ© sur AlAs, le binaire NiAl apparaĂźt comme un candidat prometteur pour la rĂ©alisation d'hĂ©tĂ©rostructures NiAl/AlAs/GaAs
Collective Microoptics on Fiber Ribbon for Optical Interconnecting Devices
International audienceNew microoptics are proposed to interconnect single-mode fiber (SMF) ribbons. These microoptics allow the increase of the fiber spot size. Low loss, wide misalignment tolerances, long working distance, and low cost could be achieved. The fabrication process and experimental results are presented
Growth and interface characterization of GaAs/GaAlAs superlattices
The growth conditions of multi-quantum wells (MQWs) and superlattices (SLs) have been optimized and the characterization of the interface of high quality GaAs/GaAlAs and GaAs/AIAs superlattices has been performed. Electron microscopy, luminescence and X-ray diffraction show interfaces flat within one monolayer and only very large growth islands.Le rĂŽle de la qualitĂ© des interfaces dans les superstructures multiples puits quantiques (MQW) ou superrĂ©seaux (SR) a souvent Ă©tĂ© Ă©voquĂ©. Cependant, son importance a Ă©tĂ©, Ă notre avis, sous-estimĂ©e. Dans cet exposĂ© nous montrerons comment la qualitĂ© de l'interface peut ĂȘtre amĂ©liorĂ©e dans les systĂšmes Ă base de GaAs et de GaAlAs. Nous verrons comment on a pu vĂ©rifier cette amĂ©lioration (en particulier pour l'interface inverse GaAs sur GaAlAs) ainsi que les consĂ©quences d'une bonne qualitĂ© de l'interface sur certaines propriĂ©tĂ©s physiques des SR
Highly efficient collective coupling between laser diode array and lensed fibre ribbon
International audienceA new concept is proposed for lensed fibres fabricated according to a collective and low cost process. This process is based on cleaving and splicing of optical fibre ribbons and is suitable for the coupling of laser diode arrays and fibre ribbons
Endless fiber-to-fiber polarization controller based on ceramic programmable waveplates
International audienceIn this letter, we report a fast and endless polarization controller based on lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) ceramic programmable waveplates. A set of four volume electrodes placed in a cylindrical arrangement are drilled in an electrooptic ceramic plate. By using the Kerr effect, and taking advantage of the high electrooptic coefficient and fast response time of the PLZT, we thus, obtain a fast rotatable and variable waveplate. Then, cascading two of these waveplates produces an endless polarization controller