Source-sink inventory of greenhouse gases from Indian mangroves: a review

1013-1025Present study inventorises quantitative evaluation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from various mangrove ecosystems distributed along the Indian coast. Inconsistency in terms of methodological aspects of GHG flux estimations from Indian mangrove ecosystems along with the variation in space and time, has been tried to be pointed out in this present paper. Inventorization of existing resources available from mangrove ecosystems along the east and west coast of India, would be useful for estimating the future potential ecosystem capacities for fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N2O. This review further confirms the potential role of Indian mangrove waters and sediments as perinial source for GHGs, whereas the canopy (vegetation) particularly acts as a CO2 sink

Traditional method of fish treatment, microbial count and palatability studies on spoiled fish

Aims: To evaluate the microbial count and palatability acceptance of spoiled fish after treatment with traditionally used naturalsolution.Methodology and results: To compare microbial count of spoiled fish before and after treatment with natural solution practicedby local people in Malaysia, 10 g of spoiled fish was respectively rinsed with 100 mL of 0.1% of natural solution such as Averrhoabilimbi extract, rice rinsed water, rice vinegar, Citrus aurantifolia extract, salt, flour, and Tamarindus indica extract. Flesh of fishrinsed with rice vinegar was found to be able to reduce microbial count (CFU/mL = 0.37 X 107) more than 4.5 times whencompared to spoiled fish (CFU/mL=1.67x 107). Spoiled fish that was treated with rice vinegar was prepared into a cutlet and fried.The cutlet was subjected to palatability acceptance study by a group of residents in Palm Court Condominium, Brickfields, KualaLumpur. The palatability study from the Cronbach alpha shown that the taste have the reliability of 0.802, the aroma has thereliability of 0.888, colour with the reliability of 0.772, texture or mouth feel have reliability of 0.840 and physical structure of thecutlet is 0.829.Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Treatment of spoiled fish using rice vinegar as practice by local peopletraditionally shown a significant reduction in microbial count and the vinegar-treated fish could be developed into a product that issafe and acceptable by the consumer

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Not AvailableSeagrass meadows are recognized as one of the most productive ecosystems in the coastal zone supporting a wide variety of keystone and ecologically important marine species from diverse trophic levels. This paper examines existing policies and legislations that can help in the protection, conservation and threats to seagrass ecosystems. The paper (i) reviews the key legislations with provisions to conserve seagrass ecosystems in India such as the Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification (2011) issued under the Environment (Protection), Act 1986, the Wildlife (Protection) Act, (1972), Biodiversity Act, 2002 and the Marine Fishing Regulation Acts of different coastal states in India; (ii) identifies threats to the seagrass meadows and (iii) suggests measures for enhancing conservation of seagrass.Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, (ICZM) Government of India, under the India ICZM Project of the World Bank [4765 - 0IN