Demyelination of subcortical nuclei in multiple sclerosis

Myelin containing in basal ganglia in multiple sclerosis patients was evaluated using new noninvasive quantitative MRI method fast whole brain macromolecular proton fraction mapping. Myelin level in globus pallidus and putamen significantly decreased in multiple sclerosis patients as compared with healthy control subjects but not in substantia nigra and caudate nucleus

Inclusive pion double charge exchange on O-16 above the delta resonance

The forward inclusive pion double charge exchange reaction, ^{16}O(pi^-,pi^+)X, at T_0 = 0.50 and 0.75 GeV has been studied in the kinematical region where an additional pion production is forbidden by energy-momentum conservation. The experiment was performed with the SKS spectrometer at KEK PS. The measured ratio of double charge exchange cross-section for these energies dsigma(0.50 GeV)/dOmega / dsigma(0.75 GeV)/dOmega = 1.7 +/- 0.2, disagrees with the value of 7.2 predicted within the conventional sequential single charge exchange mechanism. Possible reasons for the disagreement are discussed in connection with the Glauber inelastic rescatterings.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

Effects of fluoxetine on hippocampal neurogenesis and neuroprotection in the model of global cerebral ischemia in rats

A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine, has recently attracted a significant interest as a neuroprotective therapeutic agent. There is substantial evidence of improved neurogenesis under fluoxetine treatment of brain ischemia in animal stroke models. We studied long-term effects of fluoxetine treatment on hippocampal neurogenesis, neuronal loss, inflammation, and functional recovery in a new model of global cerebral ischemia (GCI). Brain ischemia was induced in adult Wistar male rats by transient occlusion of three main vessels originating from the aortic arch and providing brain blood supply. Fluoxetine was injected intraperitoneally in a dose of 20 mg/kg for 10 days after surgery. To evaluate hippocampal neurogenesis at time points 10 and 30 days, 5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine was injected at days 8-10 after GCI. According to our results, 10-day fluoxetine injections decreased neuronal loss and inflammation, improved survival and functional recovery of animals, enhanced neurogenesis, and prevented an early pathological increase in neural stem cell recruitment in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampus without reducing the number of mature neurons at day 30 after GCI. In summary, this study suggests that fluoxetine may provide a promising therapy in cerebral ischemia due to its neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and neurorestorative effect

C-fos expression and cell proliferation in mice after exposure to nanosecond repetitively-pulsed X-rays

В статье указано Rostov, Vladimir V

Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy in Lambda Hypernuclei

The present status of hypernuclear gamma-ray spectroscopy with Hyperball is summarized. We observed two gamma transitions of 16-Lambda-O(1- -> 1-,0-) and obtained the strength of the Lambda-N tensor force. In 10B(K-,pi- gamma) data, we did not observe the spin-flip M1 transition of 10-Lambda-B(2- -> 1-), but gamma rays from hyperfragments such as 7-Lambda-Li(7/2+ -> 5/2+) and 9-Lambda-Be(3/2+ ->1/2+) were observed. In 11B(pi+,K+ gamma) data, we observed six gamma transitions of 11_Lambda-B. We also attempted an inclusive gamma-ray measurement with stopped K- beam.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, 8th International Conference on Hypernuclear and Strange Particle Physics (HYP2003), Newport News, Virginia, 14-18 Oct 2003, to appear in Nuclear Physics