Spherical sector model for describing the experimental small-angle neutron scattering data for dendrimers

A new model for interpreting the results of small-angle neutron scattering from dendrimer solutions is proposed. The mathematical description is given and the theoretical small-angle scattering curves for spherical sectors with different parameters are presented. It is shown that the model proposed is in good agreement with the experimental results. Comparison of the experimental small-angle neutron scattering curves for polyallylcarbosilane dendrimers of the ninth generation with model scattering curves suggests that the inner dendrimer sphere is permeable to a solvent whose density is lower than the density of the solvent beyond the dendrimer by a factor of at least 2

The spacial structure of dendritic macromolecules

A low-resolution ab initio shape determination was performed from small-angle neutron and X-ray scattering (SANS and SAXS) curves from solutions of polycarbosilane dendrimers with the three-functional and the four-functional branching centre of the fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth generations. In all cases, anisometric dendrimer shapes were obtained. The overall shapes of the dendrimers with the three-and four-functional branching centres were oblate ellipsoids of revolution and triaxial ellipsoids, respectively. The restored bead models revealed a pronounced heterogeneity within the dendrimer structure. The density deficit was observed in the central part and close to the periphery of the dendrimers. The fraction of the overall volume of the dendrimers available for solvent penetration was about 0.2-0.3. These results may help in the design of new practical applications of dendrimer macromolecules

Electrical, elastic properties and defect structures of isotactic polypropylene composites doped with nanographite and graphene nanoparticles

Conducting polymers have wide technological applications in sensors, actuators, electric and optical devices, solar cells etc. To improve their operational performance, mechanical, thermal, electrical and optical properties, such polymers are doped with carbon allotrope nanofillers. Functionality of the novel nanocomposite polymers may be stipulated by size characteristics of nanoparticles and the polymer, different physical effects like charge transfer in such objects etc. We characterize and analyze structure, elastic, electric properties and of novel polymer nanocomposites, isotactic polypropylene (iPP) with high crystallinity, doped with graphene nanoplates (GNP) and nanographite particles at different concentrations and sizes about 100 nm, basing on the results of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), dielectric spectroscopy, small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and theoretical modeling. Carbon NPs aggregated in fractal objects in the bulk of iPP change its mechanical plastic, elastic and electric properties comparing with pristine polymer. We study modification of nanofiller morphology with the concept of Cosserat elasticity which involves description of the behavior of linear topological defects caused aggregation of nanographite and GNPs. We supply our experimental data with numerical simulations on the lattice in frames of the model of Cosserat elasticity to estimate some mechanical characteristics of the whole composite iPP.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, the conference paper. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2006.0759