802 research outputs found
Ethics for Records and Information Management
The scope and reach of information, driven by the explosive growth of information technologies and content types, has expanded dramatically over the past 30 years. The consequences of these changes to records and information management (RIM) professionals are profound, necessitating not only specialized knowledge but added responsibilities. RIM professionals require a professional ethics to guide them in their daily practice and to form a basis for developing and implementing organizational policies, and Mooradian’s new book provides a rigorous outline of such an ethics. Taking an authoritative principles/rules based approach to the subject, this book comprehensively addresses
•the structure of ethics, outlining principles, moral rules, judgements, and exceptions;
•ethical reasoning, from meaning and logic to dilemmas and decision methods;
•the ethical core of RIM, discussing key topics such as organizational context, the positive value of accountability, conflicts of interest, and confidentiality;
•important ethical concerns like copyright and intellectual property, whistleblowing, information leaks, disclosure, and privacy; and
•the relationship between RIM ethics and information governance.
An essential handbook for information professionals who manage records, archives, data, and other content, this book is also an ideal teaching text for students of information ethic
Infrared absorption and Raman scattering on coupled plasmon--phonon modes in superlattices
We consider theoretically a superlattice formed by thin conducting layers
separated spatially between insulating layers. The dispersion of two coupled
phonon-plasmon modes of the system is analyzed by using Maxwell's equations,
with the influence of retardation included. Both transmission for the finite
plate as well as absorption for the semi-infinite superlattice in the infrared
are calculated. Reflectance minima are determined by the longitudinal and
transverse phonon frequencies in the insulating layers and by the density-state
singularities of the coupled modes. We evaluate also the Raman cross section
from the semi-infinite superlattice.Comment: 20 pages,14 figure
Spectroscopic determination of hole density in the ferromagnetic semiconductor GaMnAs
The measurement of the hole density in the ferromagnetic semiconductor
GaMnAs is notoriously difficult using standard transport
techniques due to the dominance of the anomalous Hall effect. Here, we report
the first spectroscopic measurement of the hole density in four
GaMnAs samples () at room temperature
using Raman scattering intensity analysis of the coupled plasmon-LO-phonon mode
and the unscreened LO phonon. The unscreened LO phonon frequency linearly
decreases as the Mn concentration increases up to 8.3%. The hole density
determined from the Raman scattering shows a monotonic increase with increasing
for , exhibiting a direct correlation to the observed .
The optical technique reported here provides an unambiguous means of
determining the hole density in this important new class of ``spintronic''
semiconductor materials.Comment: two-column format 5 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Physical Review
Creation and luminescence of size-selected gold nanorods
Fluorescent metal nanoparticles have attracted great interest in recent years for their unique properties and potential applications. Their optical behaviour depends not only on size but also on shape, and will only be useful if the morphology is stable. In this work, we produce stable size-selected gold nanorods (aspect ratio 1-2) using a size-selected cluster source and correlate their luminescence behaviour with the particle shape. Thermodynamic modelling is used to predict the preferred aspect ratio of 1.5, in agreement with the observations, and confirms that the double-icosahedron observed in experiments is significantly lower in energy than the alternatives. Using these samples a fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy study observed two photon luminescence from nanoparticle arrays and a fast decay process (<100 ps luminescence lifetime), which are similar to those found from ligand stabilized gold nanorods under the same measurement conditions, indicating that a surface plasmon enhanced two-photon excitation process is still active at these small sizes. By further reducing the nanoparticle size, this approach has the potential to investigate size-dependent luminescence behaviour at smaller sizes than has been possible before
Hyperglycaemia and diabetes impair gap junctional communication among astrocytes
Sensory and cognitive impairments have been documented in diabetic humans and
animals, but the pathophysiology of diabetes in the central nervous system is
poorly understood. Because a high glucose level disrupts gap junctional
communication in various cell types and astrocytes are extensively coupled by
gap junctions to form large syncytia, the influence of experimental diabetes on
gap junction channel-mediated dye transfer was assessed in astrocytes in tissue
culture and in brain slices from diabetic rats. Astrocytes grown in
15–25 mmol/l glucose had a slow-onset, poorly reversible decrement in
gap junctional communication compared with those grown in 5.5 mmol/l glucose.
Astrocytes in brain slices from adult STZ (streptozotocin)-treated rats at
20–24 weeks after the onset of diabetes also exhibited reduced dye
transfer. In cultured astrocytes grown in high glucose, increased oxidative
stress preceded the decrement in dye transfer by several days, and gap
junctional impairment was prevented, but not rescued, after its manifestation by
compounds that can block or reduce oxidative stress. In sharp contrast with
these findings, chaperone molecules known to facilitate protein folding could
prevent and rescue gap junctional impairment, even in the presence of elevated
glucose level and oxidative stress. Immunostaining of Cx (connexin) 43 and 30,
but not Cx26, was altered by growth in high glucose. Disruption of astrocytic
trafficking of metabolites and signalling molecules may alter interactions among
astrocytes, neurons and endothelial cells and contribute to changes in brain
function in diabetes. Involvement of the microvasculature may contribute to
diabetic complications in the brain, the cardiovascular system and other
organs
Therapeutic androgen receptor ligands
In the past several years, the concept of tissue-selective nuclear receptor ligands has emerged. This concept has come to fruition with estrogens, with the successful marketing of drugs such as raloxifene. The discovery of raloxifene and other selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) has raised the possibility of generating selective compounds for other pathways, including androgens (that is, selective androgen receptor modulators, or SARMs)
A framework to capture and share knowledge using storytelling and video sharing in global product development
In global engineering enterprises, information and knowledge sharing are critical factors that can determine a project's success. This statement is widely acknowledged in published literature. However, according to some academics, tacit knowledge is derived from a person’s lifetime of experience, practice, perception and learning, which makes it hard to capture and document in order to be shared. This project investigates if social media tools can be used to improve and enable tacit knowledge sharing within a global engineering enterprise. This paper first provides a brief background of the subject area, followed by an explanation of the industrial investigation, from which the proposed knowledge framework to improve tacit knowledge sharing is presented. This project’s main focus is on the improvement of collaboration and knowledge sharing amongst product development engineers in order to improve the whole product development cycle
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