34 research outputs found
ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π² Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ
Objectives. Herbal hypoglycemic drugs complement the conventional approach to the treatment of type-2 diabetes based on the use of synthetic prescription drugs. However, their scientifically based application and standardization are limited due to inadequate and often outdated information on their chemical composition. Accordingly, we have developed a hypoglycemic collection (HGΠ‘) consisting of common bean pods (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), bilberry shoots (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), galega herb (Gallega officinalis L.), common knotgrass herb (Polygonum aviculare L.), burdock roots (Arctium lappa L.), and cinnamon rose hips (Rosa cinnamomea L.). According to a number of researchers, the antidiabetic properties of these herbs are largely due to the presence of polyphenolic compounds, especially flavonoids. The aim of this study was to determine the profile of flavonoids in the HGΠ‘ and in its total dry extract (TDE).Methods. The study was performed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array and mass spectrometric detection.Results. Nine individual flavonol glycosidesβderivatives of myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol and kaempferideβwere identified in the HGC and the TDE. The main flavonol glycosides in the studied objects were robinin and kaempferol-3-glucuronide, the contents of which in the HGC were 2.09 and 2.22 mg/g, in the TDE 4.85 and 3.84 mg/g, respectively. The other flavonol glycosides were determined in the HGC and its TDE at significantly lower concentrations.Conclusions. The method developed in the study can be used to standardize HGCs and estimate their pharmacological activities.Π¦Π΅Π»ΠΈ. ΠΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π°, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΊ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠ° 2 ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Π½Π΅Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ± ΠΈΡ
Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅. ΠΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π±ΡΠ» ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ±ΠΎΡ (ΠΠΠ‘), ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), ΡΡΠ°Π²Ρ Π³Π°Π»Π΅Π³ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ (Gallega officinalis L.), ΡΡΠ°Π²Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ (ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠ°) (Polygonum aviculare L.), ΠΊΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉ Π»ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (Arctium lappa L.), ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (Rosa cinnamomea L.). ΠΠΎ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ². Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΠΠ‘ ΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡ
ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ (Π‘Π‘Π) Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΠΠ‘.ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π ΠΠΠ‘ ΠΈ Π‘Π‘Π Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π²ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² β ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΊΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΈ ΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΄Π°. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ»-3-Π³Π»ΡΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ΄, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π² ΠΠΠ‘ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 2.09 ΠΈ 2.22 ΠΌΠ³/Π³, Π² Π‘Π‘Π β 4.85 ΠΈ 3.84 ΠΌΠ³/Π³, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. ΠΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ΄Ρ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² ΠΠΠ‘ ΠΈ Π‘Π‘Π Π² ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ
.ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΠ‘ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
Comparative evaluation of the influence of no-till and traditional treatment on the biological activity of agricultural chernozem of the Stavropol region
Using the method of inoculation on elective nutrient media, the abundance and activity of taxonomic (bacteria, actinomycetes, micromycetes) and functional (nitrogen fixers, ammonifiers, denitrifiers of amylolytic, cellulolytic) groups of microorganisms in agrochernozems of the Stavropol region under the influence of various tillage systems β direct seeding (no-till) and moldboard plowing with the turnover of soil horizon (traditional treatment). Analyzes were carried out for such crops as winter wheat, corn, sunflower and soybean with/without application of mineral fertilizers. Traditional tillage for the majority of crops leads to increased activity of aerobic ammonifiers, cellulolytics, denitrifiers, actinomycetes and micromycetes. No-till technology, in its turn, increases the intensity of anaerobic cellulolytics and nitrogen fixers, aerobic diazotrophs and amylolytics activity. The most responsive crop, under which the biological activity of almost all groups of microorganisms increased in the no-till variant, was corn, while winter wheat contributed to the increase in the number of microorganisms in the moldboard plowing variant. The use of mineral fertilizers provoked the growth of soil biological activity under sunflower sown directly in the soil, while conventional tillage resulted in higher soil biological activity without application of mineral fertilizers
Data descriptor: Spatial distribution of arable and abandoned land across former Soviet Union countries
Β© The Author(s) 2018. Knowledge of the spatial distribution of agricultural abandonment following the collapse of the Soviet Union is highly uncertain. To help improve this situation, we have developed a new map of arable and abandoned land for 2010 at a 10 arc-second resolution. We have fused together existing land cover and land use maps at different temporal and spatial scales for the former Soviet Union (fSU) using a training data set collected from visual interpretation of very high resolution (VHR) imagery. We have also collected an independent validation data set to assess the map accuracy. The overall accuracies of the map by region and country, i.e. Caucasus, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Republic of Moldova, Russian Federation and Ukraine, are 90Β±2%, 84Β±2%, 92Β±1%, 78Β±3%, 95Β±1%, 83Β±2%, respectively. This new product can be used for numerous applications including the modelling of biogeochemical cycles, land-use modelling, the assessment of trade-offs between ecosystem services and land-use potentials (e.g., agricultural production), among others
Expedition 376 summary
Volcanic arcs are the surface expression of magmatic systems that result from subduction of mostly oceanic lithosphere at convergent plate boundaries. Arcs with a submarine component include intraoceanic arcs and island arcs that span almost 22,000 km on Earthβs surface, and the vast majority of them are located in the Pacific region. Hydrothermal systems hosted by submarine arc volcanoes commonly contain a large component of magmatic fluid. This magmatic-hydrothermal signature, coupled with the shallow water depths of arc volcanoes and their high volatile contents, strongly influences the chemistry of the fluids and resulting mineralization and likely has important consequences for the biota associated with these systems. The high metal content and very acidic fluids in these hydrothermal systems are thought to be important analogs to numerous porphyry copper and epithermal gold deposits mined today on land.
During International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 376 (5 Mayβ5 July 2018), a series of five sites was drilled on Brothers volcano in the Kermadec arc. The expedition was designed to provide the missing link (i.e., the third dimension) in our understanding of hydrothermal activity and mineral deposit formation at submarine arc volcanoes and the relationship between the discharge of magmatic fluids and the deep biosphere. Brothers volcano hosts two active and distinct hydrothermal systems: one is seawater influenced and the other is affected by magmatic fluids (largely gases). In total, 222.4 m of volcaniclastics and lavas were recovered from the five sites drilled, which include Sites U1527 and U1530 in the Northwest (NW) Caldera seawater-influenced hydrothermal field; Sites U1528 and U1531 in the magmatic fluid-influenced hydrothermal fields of the Upper and Lower Cones, respectively; and Site U1529, located within an area of low crustal magnetization that marks the West (W) Caldera upflow zone on the caldera floor. Downhole logging and borehole fluid sampling were completed at two sites, and two tests of a prototype turbine-driven coring system (designed by the Center for Deep Earth Exploration [CDEX] at Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology [JAMSTEC]) for drilling and coring hard rocks were conducted.
Core recovered from all five sites consists of dacitic volcaniclastics and lava flows with only limited chemical variability relative to the overall range in composition of dacites in the Kermadec arc. Pervasive alteration with complex and variable mineral assemblages attest to a highly dynamic hydrothermal system. The upper parts of several drill holes at the NW Caldera hydrothermal field are characterized by secondary mineral assemblages of goethite + opal + zeolites that result from low-temperature (<150Β°C) reaction of rock with seawater. At depth, NW Caldera Site U1527 exhibits a higher temperature (~250Β°C) secondary mineral assemblage dominated by chlorite + quartz + illite + pyrite. An older mineral assemblage dominated by diaspore + quartz + pyrophyllite + rutile at the bottom of Hole U1530A is indicative of acidic fluids with temperatures of ~230Β°β320Β°C. In contrast, the alteration assemblage at Site U1528 on the Upper Cone is dominated by illite + natroalunite + pyrophyllite + quartz + opal + pyrite, which attests to high-temperature reaction of rocks with acid-sulfate fluids derived from degassed magmatic volatiles and the disproportionation of magmatic SO2. These intensely altered rocks exhibit extreme depletion of major cation oxides, such as MgO, K2O, CaO, MnO, and Na2O. Furthermore, very acidic (as low as pH 1.8), relatively hot (β€236Β°C) fluids collected at 160, 279, and 313 meters below seafloor in Hole U1528D have chemical compositions indicative of magmatic gas input. In addition, preliminary fluid inclusion data provide evidence for involvement of two distinct fluids: phase-separated (modified) seawater and a ~360Β°C hypersaline brine, which alters the volcanic rock and potentially transports metals in the system.
The material and data recovered during Expedition 376 provide new stratigraphic, lithologic, and geochemical constraints on the development and evolution of Brothers volcano and its hydrothermal systems. Insights into the consequences of the different types of fluidβrock reactions for the microbiological ecosystem elucidated by drilling at Brothers volcano await shore-based studies
Semi-groupe de Lie associΓ© Γ un cΓ΄ne symΓ©trique
Volcanic arcs are the surface expression of magmatic systems that result from the subduction of mostly oceanic lithosphere at convergent plate boundaries. Arcs with a submarine component include intraoceanic arcs and island arcs that span almost 22,000 km on Earth\u27s surface, the vast majority of which are located in the Pacific region. Hydrothermal systems hosted by submarine arc volcanoes commonly contain a large component of magmatic fluid. This magmatic-hydrothermal signature, coupled with the shallow water depths of arc volcanoes and their high volatile contents, strongly influences the chemistry of the fluids and resulting mineralization and likely has important consequences for the biota associated with these systems. The high metal contents and very acidic fluids in these hydrothermal systems are thought to be important analogs to numerous porphyry copper and epithermal gold deposits mined today on land
Flavonoid-profile determination for a hypoglycemic collection by high-performance liquid chromatography
Objectives. Herbal hypoglycemic drugs complement the conventional approach to the treatment of type-2 diabetes based on the use of synthetic prescription drugs. However, their scientifically based application and standardization are limited due to inadequate and often outdated information on their chemical composition. Accordingly, we have developed a hypoglycemic collection (HGΠ‘) consisting of common bean pods (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), bilberry shoots (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), galega herb (Gallega officinalis L.), common knotgrass herb (Polygonum aviculare L.), burdock roots (Arctium lappa L.), and cinnamon rose hips (Rosa cinnamomea L.). According to a number of researchers, the antidiabetic properties of these herbs are largely due to the presence of polyphenolic compounds, especially flavonoids. The aim of this study was to determine the profile of flavonoids in the HGΠ‘ and in its total dry extract (TDE).Methods. The study was performed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array and mass spectrometric detection.Results. Nine individual flavonol glycosidesβderivatives of myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol and kaempferideβwere identified in the HGC and the TDE. The main flavonol glycosides in the studied objects were robinin and kaempferol-3-glucuronide, the contents of which in the HGC were 2.09 and 2.22 mg/g, in the TDE 4.85 and 3.84 mg/g, respectively. The other flavonol glycosides were determined in the HGC and its TDE at significantly lower concentrations.Conclusions. The method developed in the study can be used to standardize HGCs and estimate their pharmacological activities
COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE MICROBIOME IN THE COMPLETE PROFILE OF VIRGIN LIGHT-COLORED SOLONETZ SOIL AT THE TERRITORY OF DZHANYBEK EXPERIMENTAL STATION
Under study was the microbiome structure in virgin light-colored hydromorphized solonetz soil by using molecular-genetic and culturalΒ methods. It was shown that the diversity of the microbial community is constantly decreasing down the soil profile being sharply declined in the solonetz horizon. Against the background of decreasing the biodiversity some groups of Proteobacteria are prevailed in the solonetz horizon and in the lower part of the profile. An unusually higher share of Crenarchaeota (almost 20% of the community) is observed in the topsoil
DEVELOPMENT AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF HYPOGLYCEMIC COMPOSITION PREPARED FROM MEDICINAL PLANTS
Experimental study of the hypoglycemic properties of composition, prepared from medicinal plants has showed in terms of glucose tolerance test. There increases in animals by loading of glucose the tolerance to carbohydrates. The conclusion about the prospects of further pharmacological study of the original composition prepared from medicinal plants is positive with the aim of developing the antidiabetic agents
The changes in soil-biological processes and structure of microbial community of agrochernozems in conditions of different ways of soil cultivation
The impact of soil cultivation methods (tillage with soil overturning at a depth of 20-22 and 14-16 cm, beardless plowing and surface treatment respectively at a depth of 14-16 and 6-8 cm, and also zero or minimal tillage)) on biological activity of various ecology-trophic groups of microorganisms on agronochernozems of the Kamennaya Steppe (Voronezh oblast) using classical inoculation methods on elective media. It is shown that chernozems are highly resistant soils that are resistant to external impacts, preserving high biological activity even at the maximum mechanical treatment. Tillage with soil overturn leads to aeration of the arable horizon and the activity initiation of aerobic microorganisms of the carbon cycle, responsible for the mineralization of both complex and simple organic compounds of the soil. The contribution of microorganisms of the nitrogen cycle (nitrate-reducers and nitrogen fixers) to the overall biological activity of migratory-micellar chernozems of arable land and layland was minimal. The level of mechanical impact on the soil affects the quantitative indices and biological activity of microorganisms in the soil - the stronger the effect, the deeper layers are affected. The processes of entrance for fresh organic matter prevail over the processes of mineralization practically in all variants of the experiment, except for tillage with the soil overturn to a depth of 14-16 cm, as indicated by the values of the mineralization coefficients. The strongest humus-accumulative effect was observed in the variant with zero treatment, which is maximally approximated to such processes, occurred in a layland. Minimal soil cultivation will help to preserve the unique structure of chernozem soil, to increase the flow of fresh organic remains, to preserve the high biological diversity which is specific for natural biocenosises