77 research outputs found
On the Bound States in a Non-linear Quantum Field Theory of a Spinor Field with Higher Derivatives
We consider a model of quantum field theory with higher derivatives for a
spinor field with quartic selfinteraction. With the help of the Bethe-Salpeter
equation we study the problem of the two particle bound states in the "chain"
approximation. The existence of a scalar bound state is established.Comment: 14 pages, no figures, LaTe
Development of an Algorithm for Multicriteria Optimization of Deep Learning Neural Networks
Nowadays, machine learning methods are actively used to process big data. A promising direction is neural networks, in which structure optimization occurs on the principles of self-configuration. Genetic algorithms are applied to solve this nontrivial problem. Most multicriteria evolutionary algorithms use a procedure known as non-dominant sorting to rank decisions. However, the efficiency of procedures for adding points and updating rank values in non-dominated sorting (incremental non-dominated sorting) remains low. In this regard, this research improves the performance of these algorithms, including the condition of an asynchronous calculation of the fitness of individuals. The relevance of the research is determined by the fact that although many scholars and specialists have studied the self-tuning of neural networks, they have not yet proposed a comprehensive solution to this problem. In particular, algorithms for efficient non-dominated sorting under conditions of incremental and asynchronous updates when using evolutionary methods of multicriteria optimization have not been fully developed to date. To achieve this goal, a hybrid co-evolutionary algorithm was developed that significantly outperforms all algorithms included in it, including error-back propagation and genetic algorithms that operate separately. The novelty of the obtained results lies in the fact that the developed algorithms have minimal asymptotic complexity. The practical value of the developed algorithms is associated with the fact that they make it possible to solve applied problems of increased complexity in a practically acceptable time.Β Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2023-04-01-011 Full Text: PD
Development and Algorithmization of a Method for Analyzing the Degree of Uniqueness of Personal Medical Data
The purpose of this investigation is to develop a method for quantitative assessment of the uniqueness of personal medical data (PMD) to improve their protection in medical information systems (MIS). The relevance of the goal is due to the fact that impersonal PMD can form unique combinations that are potentially of interest to intruders and threaten to reveal the patient's identity and medical confidentiality. Existing approaches were analyzed, and a new method for quantifying the degree of uniqueness of PMD was proposed. A weakness in existing approaches is the assumption that an attacker will use exact matching to identify people. The novelty of the method proposed in this paper lies in the fact that it is not limited to this hypothesis, although it has its limitations: it is not applicable to small samples. The developed method for determining the PMD uniqueness coefficient is based on the assumption of a multidimensional distribution of features, characterized by a covariance matrix, and a normal distribution, which provides the most reliable reflection of the existing relationships between features when analyzing large data samples. The results obtained in computational experiments show that efficiency is no worse than that of focus groups of specialized experts.Β Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2023-04-01-09 Full Text: PD
Higher-Derivative Two-Dimensional Massive Fermion Theories
We consider the canonical quantization of a generalized two-dimensional
massive fermion theory containing higher odd-order derivatives. The
requirements of Lorentz invariance, hermiticity of the Hamiltonian and absence
of tachyon excitations suffice to fix the mass term, which contains a
derivative coupling. We show that the basic quantum excitations of a
higher-derivative theory of order 2N+1 consist of a physical usual massive
fermion, quantized with positive metric, plus 2N unphysical massless fermions,
quantized with opposite metrics. The positive metric Hilbert subspace, which is
isomorphic to the space of states of a massive free fermion theory, is selected
by a subsidiary-like condition. Employing the standard bosonization scheme, the
equivalent boson theory is derived. The results obtained are used as a
guideline to discuss the solution of a theory including a current-current
interaction.Comment: 23 pages, Late
Perturbation Theory for Path Integrals of Stiff Polymers
The wormlike chain model of stiff polymers is a nonlinear -model in
one spacetime dimension in which the ends are fluctuating freely. This causes
important differences with respect to the presently available theory which
exists only for periodic and Dirichlet boundary conditions. We modify this
theory appropriately and show how to perform a systematic large-stiffness
expansions for all physically interesting quantities in powers of ,
where is the length and the persistence length of the polymer. This
requires special procedures for regularizing highly divergent Feynman integrals
which we have developed in previous work. We show that by adding to the
unperturbed action a correction term , we can calculate
all Feynman diagrams with Green functions satisfying Neumann boundary
conditions. Our expansions yield, order by order, properly normalized
end-to-end distribution function in arbitrary dimensions , its even and odd
moments, and the two-point correlation function
Predictive accuracy of cardiac risk indices for cardiovascular complications in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery
Objective: To compare predictive accuracy of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score and various cardiac risk indices for perioperative cardiovascular (CV) complications in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.Materials and methods: We examined 243 patients (148 men and 95 women) aged 45 to 84 (66 [60-71] years) prior to their elective oncological and vascular surgery. We assessed patients using the ASA physical status classification system, Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI), Gupta Myocardial Infarct or Cardiac Arrest (MICA) calculator, and Khoronenko cardiac risk index and analyzed perioperative CV complications.Results: We detected complications in 30 (12.3%) patients, with 3 (1.24%) of them having 2 concomitant CV complications. One death (0.41%) was registered. The MICA risk calculator had the highest predictive value (AUC ROC = 0.753). Risk scores over 0.95% discriminated patients with perioperative CV complications with sensitivity and specificity of 73.3% and 67.45%, respectively.Conclusions: We recommend using the MICA risk calculator to predict perioperative CV complications following elective oncological and vascular surgery
Quark mass correction to the string potential
A consistent method for calculating the interquark potential generated by the
relativistic string with massive ends is proposed. In this approach the
interquark potential in the model of the Nambu--Goto string with point--like
masses at its ends is calculated. At first the calculation is done in the
one--loop approximation and then the variational estimation is performed. The
quark mass correction results in decreasing the critical distance
(deconfinement radius). When quark mass decreases the critical distance also
decreases. For obtaining a finite result under summation over eigenfrequencies
of the Nambu--Goto string with massive ends a suitable mode--by--mode
subtraction is proposed. This renormalization procedure proves to be completely
unique. In the framework of the developed approach the one--loop interquark
potential in the model of the relativistic string with rigidity is also
calculated.Comment: 34 pages, LATE
Is it possible to assign physical meaning to field theory with higher derivatives?
To overcome the difficulties with the energy indefiniteness in field theories
with higher derivatives, it is supposed to use the mechanical analogy, the
Timoshenko theory of the transverse flexural vibrations of beams or rods well
known in mechanical engineering. It enables one to introduce the notion of a
"mechanical" energy in such field models that is wittingly positive definite.
This approach can be applied at least to the higher derivative models which
effectively describe the extended localized solutions in usual first order
field theories (vortex solutions in Higgs models and so on). Any problems with
a negative norm ghost states and unitarity violation do not arise here.Comment: 16 pp, LaTeX, JINR E2-93-19
ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½Π°: ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized with lesions of both upper and lower motor neurons. In accordance with modern diagnostics criteria, only clinical symptoms are used for revealing lesions of the upper motor neuron with the ALS, which often causes serious difficulties. Absence of the pyramidal syndrome does not allow diagnosing ALS, and the diagnosis of progressive muscular atrophy should be set in these cases. We describe a case of an isolated generalized lesion of the lower motor neuron with the signs of cortical motor neurons lesion revealed in the course of navigational transcranial magnetic stimulation. Possible reasons for difficulties in detecting pyramidal syndrome are discussed together with the necessity of working out the criteria of instrumental diagnostics of lesions of the upper motor neuron in ALS.ΠΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ· (ΠΠΠ‘) β Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ². Π‘ΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΠΠ‘ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΠΠ‘, ΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½Π°, Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΠΠ‘
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