118 research outputs found
Crystal growth of ice Ih by revapor-deposition and diffusion suppression of monomolecular water in a polymer solid: spectroscopic observation of phase transition of water sorbed into solid polystyrene.
Monomolecular water in a solid polymer, which has no effective hydrogen bonding sites, was revealed by temperature-variable Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to be condensable and crystallizable. Ice Ih formed in the polymer matrix was grown by vapor deposition and was reduced by sublimation. Moreover, rapid cooling induced crystal growth by vapor deposition during heating (revapor-deposition). These results indicate the requirement of a change in the generally accepted understanding of the thermal responses of water in a polymer matrix and give rise to a problem for general interpretation of the category of water in a polymer matrix based on calorimetrical analysis at very low water contents
Recrystallization of water in a non-water-soluble polymer examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy: poly(2-methoxyethylacrylate) with low water content.
Crystallization of water during heating, the so-called "recrystallization of water", in poly(2-methoxyethylacrylate) (PMEA) was investigated by temperature-variable Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Recrystallization in a polymer-water system is generally understood to be a phase transition from glassy water (condensed water) to crystalline water. However, infrared spectral changes of the PMEA-water system with low water content indicated that the formation of ice I h during heating occurred by a vapor deposition process rather than by a crystallization process
Characterizing Dynamic Changes in the Human Blood Transcriptional Network
Gene expression data generated systematically in a given system over multiple time points provides a source of perturbation that can be leveraged to infer causal relationships among genes explaining network changes. Previously, we showed that food intake has a large impact on blood gene expression patterns and that these responses, either in terms of gene expression level or gene-gene connectivity, are strongly associated with metabolic diseases. In this study, we explored which genes drive the changes of gene expression patterns in response to time and food intake. We applied the Granger causality test and the dynamic Bayesian network to gene expression data generated from blood samples collected at multiple time points during the course of a day. The simulation result shows that combining many short time series together is as powerful to infer Granger causality as using a single long time series. Using the Granger causality test, we identified genes that were supported as the most likely causal candidates for the coordinated temporal changes in the network. These results show that PER1 is a key regulator of the blood transcriptional network, in which multiple biological processes are under circadian rhythm regulation. The fasted and fed dynamic Bayesian networks showed that over 72% of dynamic connections are self links. Finally, we show that different processes such as inflammation and lipid metabolism, which are disconnected in the static network, become dynamically linked in response to food intake, which would suggest that increasing nutritional load leads to coordinate regulation of these biological processes. In conclusion, our results suggest that food intake has a profound impact on the dynamic co-regulation of multiple biological processes, such as metabolism, immune response, apoptosis and circadian rhythm. The results could have broader implications for the design of studies of disease association and drug response in clinical trials
Effect of sleep deprivation on rhythms of clock gene expression and melatonin in humans
P81 Novel autogenous cartilage patch Neocart for the treatment of cartilage defects in human knees. A prospective safety trial
127 OVARIAN STIMULATION IN CYNOMOLGUS MONKEYS BY A CONTROLLED RELEASE OF FOLLICULAR-STIMULATING HORMONE UTILIZING A MICRO-INFUSION PUMP
220 NONHUMAN PRIMATE EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS SIMILAR TO THE BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF MOUSE EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS
114 LIVE-CELL IMAGING FOR THE QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF INTRACYTOPLASMIC SPERM INJECTION EMBRYO IN CYNOMOLGUS MONKEY
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