Analysis of fixed and live single cells using optical photothermal infrared with concomitant raman spectroscopy

This paper reports the first use of a novel completely optically based photothermal method (O-PTIR) for obtaining infrared spectra of both fixed and living cells using a quantum cascade laser (QCL) and optical parametric oscillator (OPO) laser as excitation sources, thus enabling all biologically relevant vibrations to be analyzed at submicron spatial resolution. In addition, infrared data acquisition is combined with concomitant Raman spectra from exactly the same excitation location, meaning the full vibrational profile of the cell can be obtained. The pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa-2 and the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 are used as model cells to demonstrate the capabilities of the new instrumentation. These combined modalities can be used to analyze subcellular structures in both fixed and, more importantly, live cells under aqueous conditions. We show that the protein secondary structure and lipid-rich bodies can be identified on the submicron scale

From harmful Microcystis blooms to multi-functional core-double-shell microsphere bio-hydrochar materials

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) induced by eutrophication is becoming a serious global environmental problem affecting public health and aquatic ecological sustainability. A novel strategy for the utilization of biomass from HABs was developed by converting the algae cells into hollow mesoporous biohydrochar microspheres via hydrothermal carbonization method. The hollow microspheres were used as microreactors and carriers for constructing CaO2 core-mesoporous shell-CaO2 shell microspheres (OCRMs). The CaO2 shells could quickly increase dissolved oxygen to extremely anaerobic water in the initial 40 min until the CaO2 shells were consumed. The mesoporous shells continued to act as regulators restricting the release of oxygen from CaO2 cores. The oxygen-release time using OCRMs was 7 times longer than when directly using CaO2. More interestingly, OCRMs presented a high phosphate removal efficiency (95.6%) and prevented the pH of the solution from rising to high levels in comparison with directly adding CaO2 due to the OH− controlled-release effect of OCRMs. The distinct core-doubleshell micro/nanostructure endowed the OCRMs with triple functions for oxygen controlled-release, phosphorus removal and less impact on water pH. The study is to explore the possibility to prepare smarter bio-hydrochar materials by utilizing algal blooms

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of tetraaquabis(isonicotinamide-κN1)nickel(II) fumarate

The reaction of NiCl2 with fumaric acid and isonicotinamide in a basic solution produces the title complex, [Ni(C6H6N2O)2(H2O)4](C4H2O4). The nickel(II) ion of the complex cation and the fumarate anion are each located on an inversion centre. The NiII ion is coordinated octahedrally by four water O atoms and two N atoms of isonicotinamide molecules. The fumarate anion is linked to neighbouring complex cations via Owater—H...Ofumarate hydrogen bonds. In the crystal, the complex cations are further linked by O—H...O, N—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional supramolecular architecture. Hirshfeld surface analysis and two-dimensional fingerprint plots were used to analyse the intermolecular interactions present in the crystal and indicate that the most important contributions for the crystal packing are from H...O/O...H (41.8%), H...H (35.3%) and H...C/C...H (10.2%) interactions

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of N,N′-bis(3-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzylidene)ethane-1,2-diamine

The title compound, C26H36N2O2, crystallizes in the phenol–imine form. In the molecule, there are intramolecular O—H...N hydrogen bonds forming S(6) ring motifs, and the two aromatic rings are inclined to each other by 37.9 (7)°. In the crystal, molecules are linked by pairs of weak C—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming inversion dimers. Hirshfeld surface analysis and two-dimensional fingerprint plots indicate that the most important contributions to the crystal packing are from H...H (77.5%), H...C/C...H (16%), H...O/O...H (3.1%) and H...N/N...H (1.7%) interactions

Double U slot patch antenna

Due to copyright restrictions, the access to the full text of this article is only available via subscription.In this paper, we aim to design to simulate `double u slot patch antenna'. Our simulation and experimental investigation aimed to understand the behavior of the two U-slots. It can be used in WiMAX compliant communication equipments. As a result of all changes and on the geometry of the antenna, we had -17.38 dB input match and 5.13 dB gain at 5.47 GHz

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of (E)-2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-[(3-chloro-4-methylphenylimino)methyl]phenol

The title Schiff base compound, C22H28ClNO, shows mirror symmetry with all its non-H atoms, except the tert-butyl groups, located on the mirror plane. There is an intramolecular O—H...N hydrogen bond present forming an S(6) ring motif. In the crystal, the molecules are connected by C—H...π interactions, generating a three-dimensional supramolecular structure. Hirshfeld surface analysis and two dimensional fingerprint plots were used to analyse the intermolecular interactions present in the crystal, indicating that the most important contributions for the crystal packing are from H...H (68.9%) and C...H/H...C (11.7%) interactions

Hirshfeld surface analysis and crystal structure of 7-methoxy-5-methyl-2-phenyl-11,12-dihydro-5,11-methano-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-c][1,3,5]benzoxadiazocine

The title compound, C19H18N4O2, crystallizes with two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit. The triazole ring is inclined to the benzene rings by 9.63 (13) and 87.37 (12)° in one molecule, and by 4.46 (13) and 86.15 (11)° in the other. In the crystal, classical N—H...N hydrogen bonds, weak C—H...O hydrogen bonds and weak C—H...π interactions link the molecules into a three-dimensional supramolecular network. Hirshfeld surface analysis and two-dimensional fingerprint plots were used to investigate the intermolecular interactions present in the crystal, indicating that the most important contributions for the crystal packing are from H...H (51.4%), H...C/C...H (26.7%), H...O/O...H (8.9%) and H...N/N...H (8%) interactions

Double U slot patch antenna

Due to copyright restrictions, the access to the full text of this article is only available via subscription.In this paper, we aim to design to simulate `double u slot patch antenna'. Our simulation and experimental investigation aimed to understand the behavior of the two U-slots. It can be used in WiMAX compliant communication equipments. As a result of all changes and on the geometry of the antenna, we had -17.38 dB input match and 5.13 dB gain at 5.47 GHz