15 research outputs found
The Effect of Temperature in Sweet Corrosion of Horizontal Multiphase Carbon Steel Pipelines
ABSTRACT The effect of temperature on sweet corrosion in carbon steel pipelines at different liquid velocities under various oil-water concentrations was studied. Carbon steel coupons were used to study the corrosion products formed. With an increase of temperature up to 60 C, corrosion rate increases. Above 60 C, protective carbonate layers were observed. At lower temperature and pressures, the corrosion rates are similar to those predicted by de Waard and Milliams. With an increase in temperature, the corrosion rate increase is more pronounced at higher pressures and is greater than the de Waard and Milliams. No maximum in the corrosion rate is seen for oil water mixtures for temperatures up to 80C. INTRODUCTION The sweet corrosion in carbon steel pipelines flowin
Malaria pigment crystals as magnetic micro-rotors: Key for high-sensitivity diagnosis
The need to develop new methods for the high-sensitivity
diagnosis of malaria has initiated a global activity in medical
and interdisciplinary sciences. Most of the diverse variety of
emerging techniques are based on research-grade instruments,
sophisticated reagent-based assays or rely on expertise. Here,
we suggest an alternative optical methodology with an easy-to-
use and cost-effective instrumentation based on unique
properties of malaria pigment reported previously and determined
quantitatively in the present study. Malaria pigment, also
called hemozoin, is an insoluble microcrystalline form of heme.
These crystallites show remarkable magnetic and optical
anisotropy distinctly from any other components of blood. As a
consequence, they can simultaneously act as magnetically driven
micro-rotors and spinning polarizers in suspensions. These
properties can gain importance not only in malaria diagnosis and
therapies, where hemozoin is considered as drug target or immune
modulator, but also in the magnetic manipulation of cells and
tissues on the microscopic scale