Sultan Hassan Mosque: an Islamic Architectural Wonder Analytical Study of Design and Its Effect on Islamic Cairo

Cities in 21st century are losing identity due to globalization and rapid urbanism. However, great architectural buildings like Sultan Hassan Mosque Complex show us that great architectural wonders can keep this identity and can affect positively in society\u27s life. The simple aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between architectural features and Islamic meanings in modern world through studying the past. The study is mainly based on two main sources of data, literature review regarding historical part and site visit dealing with discussion of architectural features, uses and effect on surroundings society. Based on these sources, analysis was made based on matrix relationship between two sets of criteria, architectural parts (design, USAge, location, artistic features), and mosque significance in Islam (prayer house, community center, center of knowledge, meeting place for shoura). Findings proved the existence of consequent relationship between Islam and architecture, as Islamic principles affect the design of the mosque in religious, social, and service aspects. Alternatively, architectural building satisfies all Muslim needs. This dual effect situation shapes recommend-dations like enhancement of the multidimensional use of the mosque, strengthen the community service role of the mosque, and developing design of modern mosques to fulfill Muslim requirements with 21st century measures and also endorse Islamic values through architecture

Interference of Malay Manado Language Toward Indonesian Language by Students' Speech in Gorontalo State University

Interference of Malay Manado Language in Formal Spoken Indonesian Language:  “A Case Study at Indonesian Language Studies, Gorontalo State University†.This research aims to elaborate the kinds of interference in Malay Manado Language toward Indonesian Language on students’ speech in class discussion performance and to describe the most frequent of interference that students produced in class discussion performance by students in Indonesian Language Studies. Besides, the purpose of this research is to disclose the students deal with the interference on their speech in class discussion performance.The research was conducted in Indonesian Language Studies, Gorontalo State University. The data were collected from students’ speech in class discussion performance by using recording technique. The samples were 30 respondents. Two methods in analyzing data, namely descriptive quantitative and qualitative methods. There are three kinds of interference that students produced on students’ speech in class discussion performance namely phonological interference, morphological interference, and lexical interference. Firstly, in phonological interference can be categorized into assimilation, merger colescence or diftong, syncope, apocope, compression, and vowel modification. In morphological interference, they produced prefix addition, imperative form, reduplication, compounding form, and negation form. In Lexical interference, they created nine types of interference namely verb, noun, adjective, pronoun, adverb, question form, language particle, possesive, and preposition. Secondly, the most frequent type of interference on students’ speech in class discussion performance is lexical interference. It is about 193 in the percentage 59.38 %. Lastly, there are some factors that causing interference  on students’ speech. They are, bilingualism, the lack of using Indonesian Language,  needs for synonyms and the last is students’ high prestige

Dimensionless scaling of heat-release-induced planar shock waves in near-critical CO2

We performed highly resolved one-dimensional fully compressible Navier-Stokes simulations of heat-release-induced compression waves in near-critical CO2. The computational setup, inspired by the experimental setup of Miura et al., Phys. Rev. E, 2006, is composed of a closed inviscid (one-dimensional) duct with adiabatic hard ends filled with CO2 at three supercritical pressures. The corresponding initial temperature values are taken along the pseudo-boiling line. Thermodynamic and transport properties of CO2 in near-critical conditions are modeled via the Peng-Robinson equation of state and Chung's Method. A heat source is applied at a distance from one end, with heat release intensities spanning the range 10^3-10^11 W/m^2, generating isentropic compression waves for values < 10^9 W/m^2. For higher heat-release rates such compressions are coalescent with distinct shock-like features (e.g. non-isentropicity and propagation Mach numbers measurably greater than unity) and a non-uniform post-shock state is present due to the strong thermodynamic nonlinearities. The resulting compression wave intensities have been collapsed via the thermal expansion coefficient, highly variable in near-critical fluids, used as one of the scaling parameters for the reference energy. The proposed scaling applies to isentropic thermoacoustic waves as well as shock waves up to shock strength 2. Long-term time integration reveals resonance behavior of the compression waves, raising the mean pressure and temperature at every resonance cycle. When the heat injection is halted, expansion waves are generated, which counteract the compression waves leaving conduction as the only thermal relaxation process. In the long term evolution, the decay in amplitude of the resonating waves observed in the experiments is qualitatively reproduced by using isothermal boundary conditions.Comment: As submitted to AIAA SciTech 2017, available at http://arc.aiaa.org/doi/pdf/10.2514/6.2017-008

A First-Principles Study of the Electronic Reconstructions of LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Heterointerfaces and Their Variants

We present a first-principles study of the electronic structures and properties of ideal (atomically sharp) LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (001) heterointerfaces and their variants such as a new class of quantum well systems. We demonstrate the insulating-to-metallic transition as a function of the LaAlO3 film thickness in these systems. After the phase transition, we find that conduction electrons are bound to the n-type interface while holes diffuse away from the p-type interface, and we explain this asymmetry in terms of a large hopping matrix element that is unique to the n-type interface. We build a tight-binding model based on these hopping matrix elements to illustrate how the conduction electron gas is bound to the n-type interface. Based on the `polar catastrophe' mechanism, we propose a new class of quantum wells at which we can manually control the spatial extent of the conduction electron gas. In addition, we develop a continuous model to unify the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces and quantum wells and predict the thickness dependence of sheet carrier densities of these systems. Finally, we study the external field effect on both LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces and quantum well systems. Our systematic study of the electronic reconstruction of LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces may serve as a guide to engineering transition metal oxide heterointerfaces.Comment: 50 pages, 18 figures and 4 table

Adaptive spatial mode of space-time and spacefrequency OFDM system over fading channels

In this paper we present a 2 transmit 1 receive (1 Tx : 1 Rx) adaptive spatial mode (ASM) of space-time (ST) and space-frequency (SF) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). At low signal to noise ratio (SNR) we employ ST-OFDM and switch to SF-OFDM at a certain SNR threshold. We determine this threshold from the intersection of individual performance curves. Results show a gain of 9 dB (at a bit error rate of 10-3) is achieved by employing adaptive spatial mode compared to a fixed ST-OFDM, almost 6 dB to fixed SF-OFDM, 4 dB to Coded ST-OFDM and 2 dB to a fixed coded SF-OFDM, at a delay spread of 700 ns

Use of integrated optical waveguide probes as an alternative to fiber probes for sensing of light backscattered from small volumes

We show that for light collection from thin samples, integrated probes can present a higher efficiency than conventional fiber probes, despite having a smaller collection area. Simulation results are validated by experiments

Arrayed-waveguide-grating light collector for on-chip spectroscopy

We present a novel arrayed-waveguide-grating (AWG) device with improved external (biomedical) signal collection for use in on-chip spectroscopy. The collection efficiency of the device is compared to that of a standard AWG. We also present experimental results on the collection efficiency and size of the collection volume