Kontribusi Usahatani Nilam terhadap Total Pendapatan Petani di Desa Sangia Tiworo Kecamatan Tiworo Selatan Kabupaten Muna Barat

The research aims at knowing: the total income of patchouli farming, and the contribution of patchouli farming towards the total income of patchouli farmers at Sangia Tiworo Subdistrict of South Tiworo, West Muna Regency. The population of the research is the entire farmers of patchouli and another kind of farming at Sangia Tiworo Subdistrict of South Tiworo, West Muna Regency which total 20 farmers. The technique of deciding sample is “Probability Random Sampling” in which the entire farmers have an equal chance to be a sample. The data were analyzed by using “income analysis”, and “contribution formula”. The result of the research shows total income of farmers per planting season is Rp. 435,620,298 on average Rp. 22,641,240. Patchouli farming gives a big contribution towards farmers\u27 household income, which is being approximated at 31% - 97% on average contribution 84%

Preparation of Financial Policy to Increase Timing of Inpatient Billing Information of Hospital “X”

Background: One of the main problems encountered in RS X is the timing of inpatient billing information that has not been ≤ 2 hours. The focus of the study was to begin when the DPJP said the patient was allowed to go home until the patient received inpatient billing information. This study aims to explore the root of the problem has not reached the standard speed of inpatient billing information. Method: This research method is qualitative research. The study was conducted at hospital X from September to October 2017. Data were collected using literature study method, document review, unit observation, in-depth interview, focus group discussion (FGD). Result: Delay of billing information due to slow recording and recording differences. Differences in recording arise due to duplicate work of nurses who have other activities. Duties nurses not only provide patient care but have the administrative task. Conclusion: The speed of inpatient billing information information has not been standardized ≤ 2 hours due to duplicate of work of nurse having other activity. The solution to the problem is the need for revised policies and SOPs that regulate the duties, authority and responsibilities of each staff in more detail

The effectiveness of interventions for optometric referrals into the hospital eye service: A review

Purpose: Ophthalmic services are currently under considerable stress; in the UK, ophthalmology departments have the highest number of outpatient appointments of any department within the National Health Service. Recognising the need for intervention, several approaches have been trialled to tackle the high numbers of false-positive referrals initiated in primary care and seen face to face within the hospital eye service (HES). In this mixed-methods narrative synthesis, we explored interventions based on their clinical impact, cost and acceptability to determine whether they are clinically effective, safe and sustainable. A systematic literature search of PubMed, MEDLINE and CINAHL, guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), was used to identify appropriate studies published between December 2001 and December 2022. Recent Findings: A total of 55 studies were reviewed. Four main interventions were assessed, where two studies covered more than one type: training and guidelines (n = 8), referral filtering schemes (n = 32), asynchronous teleophthalmology (n = 13) and synchronous teleophthalmology (n = 5). All four approaches demonstrated effectiveness for reducing false-positive referrals to the HES. There was sufficient evidence for stakeholder acceptance and cost-effectiveness of referral filtering schemes; however, cost comparisons involved assumptions. Referral filtering and asynchronous teleophthalmology reported moderate levels of false-negative cases (2%–20%), defined as discharged patients requiring HES monitoring. Summary: The effectiveness of interventions varied depending on which outcome and stakeholder was considered. More studies are required to explore stakeholder opinions around all interventions. In order to maximise clinical safety, it may be appropriate to combine more than one approach, such as referral filtering schemes with virtual review of discharged patients to assess the rate of false-negative cases. The implementation of a successful intervention is more complex than a ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach and there is potential space for newer types of interventions, such as artificial intelligence clinical support systems within the referral pathway

Decreased polyunsaturated and increased saturated fatty acid concentration in spermatozoa from asthenozoospermic males as compared with normozoospermic males

The lipid composition of the sperm membrane has been shown to exert a significant effect upon the functional quality of spermatozoa. We have studied fatty acid composition of the phospholipids in spermatozoa in asthenozoospermic and normozoospermic men and determined the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to saturated fatty acids of spermatozoa of these two groups. Fatty acid concentration of spermatozoa was determined in 15 asthenozoospermic and eight normozoospermic semen samples by thin layer chromatography and gas chromatography. The most abundant polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids in normozoospermic samples were docosahexaenoic acid (DHA 22: 6 ω3, 98.5 ± 4.5 nmol per 108 spermatozoa, mean ± SE) and palmitic acid (103 ± 17 nmol per 108 spermatozoa) respectively. The mean ± SE values of DHA and palmitic acid in asthenozoospermic samples were 53.9 ± 11.6 and 145 ± 14.7 nmol per 108 spermatozoa respectively. Compared with normozoospermic samples, asthenozoospermic samples showed lower levels of PUFA and higher amount of saturated fatty acids. The mean ± SE ratios of sperm PUFA/saturated fatty acids in asthenozoospermic and normozoospermic samples were 0.66 ± 0.06 and 1.45 ± 0.16 (P < 0.001) respectively. This study demonstrates that spermatozoa of asthenozoospermic men have lower levels of PUFA compared with saturated fatty acids. This may be contributory to the poor motility noted in samples from these men. © 2006 The Authors

Penerapan Metode Demonstrasi Berbantuan Media Lectora Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPS Terpadu Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 16 Banda Aceh

Metode demonstrasi adalah suatu metode mengajar seorang pengajar atau orang lain bahkan murid dengan cara memperlihatkan suatu proses melakukan atau jalannya sesuatu. Lectora adalah alat pembelajaran elektronik juga dikenal sebagai perangkat lunak authoring, digunakan untuk membuat kursus pelatihan online maupun offline, penilaian dan presentasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) Peningkatan hasil belajar siswa; (2) Kegiatan guru dan siswa; (3) Keterampilan guru dalam mengelola pembelajaran dan (4) Respon siswa pada metode demonstrasi berbantuan media lectora. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 16 Banda Aceh yang berjumlah 31 siswa. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan memakai instrumen pembelajaran. Materi pembelajaran dalam penelitian ini adalah fungsi dan peran sumber daya alam. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa (1) Persentase ketuntasan individual meningkat dari 23 siswa yang tuntas pada siklus I, 27 siswa tuntas pada siklus II dan 29 tuntas pada siklus III, persentase ketuntasan klasikal meningkat dari 60% pada siklus I, 70% pada siklus II dan 90% pada siklus III; (2) Aktivitas guru dan siswa meningkat dari siklus I sampai dengan siklus III, pada siklus I dari 9 aktivitas 4 aktivitas yang belum tuntas, 2 aktivitas pada siklus II, dan pada siklus ke III semua aktivitas telah tuntas; (3) Keterampilan guru meningkat dari perolehan skor 2,62 pada siklus I dengan kategori baik, skor 3,13 pada siklus II dengan kategori baik dan 3,53 pada siklus III dengan kategori sangat baik; (4) Respon siswa, terhadap metode demonstrasi berbantuan media lectora dikatagorikan baik dengan persentase 87%

An Overview of Life Gratitude on Ex-Prisoner Adolescents

Adolescence is a very important and critical part of an individual's development. This is because, in the stages of adolescent development, it is often marked by an identity crisis which causes an adolescent to be very vulnerable to conduct behavior that is not following prevailing norms and rules, such as deviant behavior. Adolescents who are found guilty according to the applicable law will be placed and fostered at the Special Development Institution for Children (LPKA) and referred to as Correctional Students (Andikpas). After serving a criminal period, adolescent ex-prisoner will come out and live again in society. However, this is not easy due to environmental resistance and the difficulty of carrying out social reintegration. On the other hand, this brings its lessons for adolescent ex-prisoners so that they can be grateful by seeing life more positively. This paper will discuss the different and unique overview of life gratitude of ex-prisoner adolescents. The discussion is hoped to be able to provide knowledge related to the gratitude of life and adolescent ex-prisoners

Multiphase fluid dynamics simulations of product crossover in solar driven, membrane less water splitting

Efficient separation of product gases is essential for the safe operation of large scale, solar driven water splitting devices. To date, most demonstration devices use membranes, but a membrane less configuration that separates products via hydrodynamic control offers an attractive alternative without the complexity associated with using membranes. In the present study, multiphase fluid dynamics simulations are introduced to investigate product crossover in a membrane less, solar driven water splitting device. Specific emphasis is placed on implementing a realistic tilt condition of the device and the buoyancy effects on product gas bubbles. Our simulations reveal that gas bubbles, often disregarded, can be a major source of crossover rather than dissolved gases. Controlling the bubble formation and characteristics e.g., diameter therefore plays an important role in achieving efficient product separation. Finally, universal design criteria to control the product crossover are further discussed based on dimensionless analysi

Integrating sexual and reproductive health into health system strengthening in humanitarian settings: a planning workshop toolkit to transition from minimum to comprehensive services in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Bangladesh, and Yemen.

BackgroundPlanning to transition from the Minimum Initial Service Package for Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) toward comprehensive SRH services has been a challenge in humanitarian settings. To bridge this gap, a workshop toolkit for SRH coordinators was designed to support effective planning. This article aims to describe the toolkit design, piloting, and final product.MethodsAnchored in the Health System Building Blocks Framework of the World Health Organization, the design entailed two complementary and participatory strategies. First, a collaborative design phase with iterative feedback loops involved global partners with extensive operational experience in the initial toolkit conception. The second phase engaged stakeholders from three major humanitarian crises to participate in pilot workshops to contextualize, evaluate, validate, and improve the toolkit using qualitative interviews and end-of-workshop evaluations. The aim of this two-phase design process was to finalize a planning toolkit that can be utilized in and adapted to diverse humanitarian contexts, and efficiently and effectively meet its objectives. Pilots occurred in the Democratic Republic of Congo for the Kasai region crisis, Bangladesh for the Rohingya humanitarian response in Cox's Bazar, and Yemen for selected Governorates.ResultsResults suggest that the toolkit enabled facilitators to foster a systematic, participatory, interactive, and inclusive planning process among participants over a two-day workshop. The approach was reportedly effective and time-efficient in producing a joint work plan. The main planning priorities cutting across settings included improving comprehensive SRH services in general, healthcare workforce strengthening, such as midwifery capacity development, increasing community mobilization and engagement, focusing on adolescent SRH, and enhancing maternal and newborn health services in terms of quality, coverage, and referral pathways. Recommendations for improvement included a dedicated and adequately anticipated pre-workshop preparation to gather relevant data, encouraging participants to undertake preliminary study to equalize knowledge to partake fully in the workshop, and enlisting participants from marginalized and underserved populations.ConclusionCollaborative design and piloting efforts resulted in a workshop toolkit that could support a systematic and efficient identification of priority activities and services related to comprehensive SRH. Such priorities could help meet the SRH needs of communities emerging from acute humanitarian situations while strengthening the overall health system