The local phase transitions of the solvent in the neighborhood of a solvophobic polymer at high pressures

We investigate local phase transitions of the solvent in the neighborhood of a solvophobic polymer chain which is induced by a change of the polymer-solvent repulsion and the solvent pressure in the bulk solution. We describe the polymer in solution by the Edwards model, where the conditional partition function of the polymer chain at a fixed radius of gyration is described by a mean-field theory. The contributions of the polymer-solvent and the solvent-solvent interactions to the total free energy are described within the mean-field approximation. We obtain the total free energy of the solution as a function of the radius of gyration and the average solvent number density within the gyration volume. The resulting system of coupled equations is solved varying the polymer-solvent repulsion strength at high solvent pressure in the bulk. We show that the coil-globule (globule-coil) transition occurs accompanied by a local solvent evaporation (condensation) within the gyration volum

Acceleration of the adaptation processes in foreign students with cronic associated viral infection: perspective and possibility (as a result of study in programme «Health»)

The study was research high frequency of chronic associated pathology in the adopted students. These diseases caused delay of adaptation processes, decrease of immunity and increase of morbidity. It was offered the methods of adaptation processes acceleration and morbidity reduction methods in students with chronic pathologic conditions

Uranium and Rare-Earth Elements in Dictyonema Shale of the Baltic Sedimentary Basin (Kaibolovo-Gostilitsy Area)

The article presents the results of the study of dictyonema shales of the Baltic basin (Leningrad Oblast, Kaibolovo-Gostilitsy prospecting area) for uranium (updated data on uranium mineralization of dictyonema shales) and rare earth elements (for the first time – as a new promising raw material source). At the same time, updated author’s data on the total metalliferous content of dictyonema shales was made In relation to uranium, its average content in dictyonema shales has been clarified, the distribution of uranium in the section of sedimentary strata according to new well profiles has been given, and the features of its distribution have been clarified, in comparison with earlier authors’ publications on this object of research. For rare earth elements in dictyonema shales, the results on their concentrations on a much larger analytical material are presented (670 samples, instead of 88, data on which were published earlier). For the first time, the features of the distribution of rare earth elements over the prospecting area and in the section of sedimentary strata along the profiles of wells are illustrated. New data on the petrographic composition of dictyonema shales are presented. An additional study of mineral impurities of dictyonema shales was carried out using a new method of areal scanning of preparations with an electron probe microanalyzer using the “Feature” software module. The correlations between the concentrations of uranium and rare earths with other micro- and macroelements, the forms of uranium and rare earth elements in dictyonema shales, geochemical indicators, conditions and genesis of the formation of uranium and rare earth mineralization developed in them was clarified. Based on an earlier assessment of the resource potential of uranium and rare earths, a modern assessment of their prognostic mineral resources and possible recoverable industrial reserves and the cost of potential ore raw materials of the studied acute-deficient metals for energy and a number of important industries has been made. The authors express the opinion that the mineral resource base of uranium and rare earth elements in Russia can be significantly increased due to the presence of these critical metals in the dictyonema shales of the Baltic sedimentary basin, since only within the studied Kaibolovo-Gostilitsy prospecting area the largest uranium resources and large resources of rare earths have been discovered, which may increase even more with further geological research in the conditions of a developed infrastructure of the middle zone of the Russian Federation

New possibility of the latent disease detection in students using the screening method in programme «health»: introduction and efficacy

The new method of the latent chronic disease detection in students using the screening was invented in programme «Health». It was research in students from the different climatogeographic regions for the detection of gastrointestinal disease. The special screening questionnaire designed by us was used in the study. The perceptibility and the diagnostic specificity was studied and estimated. The efficacy of screening use for gastrointestinal disease early diagnostic was ascertained as a result of study. It was marked the significant spread of intestinal dysbacteriosis in students form different climatogeographic regions in adaptation period

Heterogeneity of the local structure in sub- and supercritical ammonia : a voronoi polyhedra analysis

We report results of molecular dynamics simulations and detailed analysis of the local structure of sub- and supercritical ammonia in the range of temperature between 250 and 500 K along the 135 bar isobar. This analysis is based on the behavior of distributions of metric and topological properties of the Voronoi polyhedra (VP). We show that by increasing the temperature, the volume, surface, and face area distributions of the Voronoi polyhedra as well as the vacancy radius distribution broaden, particularly near the temperature T-alpha, where the calculated thermal expansion coefficient has its maximum. Furthermore, the rate of increase of the corresponding mean values and fluctuations increases drastically when approaching T-alpha. This behavior clearly indicates that the local structure, as described by the VP, becomes increasingly heterogeneous upon approaching this temperature. This heterogeneous distribution of ammonia molecules is traced back to the increase of the large voids with increasing temperature, and is also clearly seen in the behavior of the fluctuation of the local density, as measured by the VP. More interestingly, the maximum in the heterogeneity coincides with the maximum of the fluctuation in the density of the VP