On the validity of the adiabatic approximation in compact binary inspirals

Using a semi-analytical approach recently developed to model the tidal deformations of neutron stars in inspiralling compact binaries, we study the dynamical evolution of the tidal tensor, which we explicitly derive at second post-Newtonian order, and of the quadrupole tensor. Since we do not assume a priori that the quadrupole tensor is proportional to the tidal tensor, i.e. the so called "adiabatic approximation", our approach enables us to establish to which extent such approximation is reliable. We find that the ratio between the quadrupole and tidal tensors (i.e., the Love number) increases as the inspiral progresses, but this phenomenon only marginally affects the emitted gravitational waveform. We estimate the frequency range in which the tidal component of the gravitational signal is well described using the stationary phase approximation at next-to-leading post-Newtonian order, comparing different contributions to the tidal phase. We also derive a semi-analytical expression for the Love number, which reproduces within a few percentage points the results obtained so far by numerical integrations of the relativistic equations of stellar perturbations.Comment: 13 pages, 1 table, 2 figures. Minor changes to match the version appearing on Phys. Rev.

Multi-mode TES bolometer optimization for the LSPE-SWIPE instrument

In this paper we explore the possibility of using transition edge sensor (TES) detectors in multi-mode configuration in the focal plane of the Short Wavelength Instrument for the Polarization Explorer (SWIPE) of the balloon-borne polarimeter Large Scale Polarization Explorer (LSPE) for the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarization. This study is motivated by the fact that maximizing the sensitivity of TES bolometers, under the augmented background due to the multi-mode design, requires a non trivial choice of detector parameters. We evaluate the best parameter combination taking into account scanning strategy, noise constraints, saturation power and operating temperature of the cryostat during the flight.Comment: in Journal of Low Temperature Physics, 05 January 201

Morphological characteristics of the facial bone wall related to the tooth position in the alveolar crest in the maxillary anterior

The purpose of this study was to analyze whether the position of the tooth in the alveolar ridge influences the thickness of the facial bone wall and the distance between the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) and osseous zenith (OZ). Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans from fifty four dentate patients were included in the study (22 male and 32 female, mean age 41. 5 years). The measurements taken included: (1). The Facial bone thickness at 7 different equidistant levels -measuring levels (ML 1-7) - between OZ and the root apex (A). (2) The CEJ -OZ distance. (3) Facial position of the tooth (FPT) relative to a straight line traced from mesial to distal interproximal depressions of the alveolar plate at the level of the CEJ. The Facial bone wall thickness ranged between 0 mm and 3. 8 mm, with greater values at more apical levels. Mean values were smaller than 1 mm at every level except ML7. The CEJ-OZ distance varied between 0. 5 mm and 6. 9 mm (mean 2. 9 mm). The Mean of FPT value was 0. 6 mm. No statistically significant correlation was found between FPT and the CEJ-OZ distance. Weak negative statistically significant correlations were found between FPT and the thickness of the facial bone wall at MP1 and MP3. Within the limits of this study, no clinically relevant correlation between FPT and facial bone thickness - CEJ-OZ distance was found. More studies should be conducted to evaluate a greater number of teeth, especially those that may present misalignment with greater FPT values.El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar si la posición de la pieza dentaria en el reborde alveolar influencia el espesor de la tabla ósea vestibular y la distancia entre el limite amelo-cementario (LAC) y el cenit óseo (CO). Tomografías computadas haz de cono (TC) de 54 pacientes dentados fueron incluidas en el estudio (22 hombres y 32 mujeres, edad promedio 41. 5 anos). Las medidas registradas fueron: (1) espesor de la tabla ósea vestibular en 7 diferentes niveles de medición (NM1-7) entre CO y el ápice radicular (AR). (2) La distancia LAC-CO. (3) Posición vestibular de la pieza dentaria (PVD) en relación a una línea recta trazada desde la depresión interproximal mesial a la depresión interproximal distal de la tabla ósea a nivel del LAC. El espesor de la tabla ósea vestibular fue 0-3. 8mm, con valores mayores registrados a nivel más apical. El valor promedio fue menor a 1 mm excepto en NM7. La distancia LAC-CO varió entre 0. 5 y 6. 9mm (promedio 2. 9mm). El promedio de PVD fue de 0. 6mm. No se encontró correlación estadísticamente significativa entre la PVD y la distancia LAC-CO. Se halló una correlación débil negativa estadísticamente significativa entre la PVD y el espesor de la tabla ósea vestibular en NM1 y NM3. Dentro de las limitaciones de este estudio, no se encontró una correlación clínicamente significativa entre PVD y espesor de la tabla ósea vestibular - distancia LAC-CO. Se deben llevar a cabo más estudios para evaluar un mayor número de piezas dentarias, especialmente aquellas que se encuentran desalineadas con valores PVD mayores

Turbulent flow through random vegetation on a rough bed

River vegetation radically modifies the flow field and turbulence characteristics. To analyze the vegetation effects on the flow, most scientific studies are based on laboratory tests or numerical simulations with vegetation stems on smooth beds. Nevertheless, in this manner, the effects of bed sediments are neglected. The aim of this paper is to experimentally investigate the effects of bed sediments in a vegetated channel and, in consideration of that, comparative experiments of velocity measures, performed with an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) profiler, were carried out in a laboratory flume with different uniform bed sediment sizes and the same pattern of randomly arranged emergent rigid vegetation. To better comprehend the time-averaged flow conditions, the time-averaged velocity was explored. Subsequently, the analysis was focused on the energetic characteristics of the flow field with the determination of the Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE) and its components, as well as of the energy spectra of the velocity components immediately downstream of a vegetation element. The results show that both the vegetation and bed roughness surface deeply affect the turbulence characteristics. Furthermore, it was revealed that the roughness influence becomes predominant as the grain size becomes larger

Non-intimate Relationships and Psychopathic Interpersonal and Affective Deficits as Risk Factors for Criminal Career: A Comparison Between Sex Offenders and Other Offenders

Sex-offenders are at risk of criminal recidivism. For the treatment to be truly effective, it must be individualized. For this purpose, an accurate assessment should focus on criminological, psychological, and psychopathological features. The present study compared sex offenders with other offenders on historical experiences (i.e., problems with violence, anti-social behaviors, problems with personal relationships, problems with substance use, traumatic experiences, and parenting style). In addition, given the association between life events and psychopathy, we explored whether the relation between life events and crime type (sexual crime vs. other types of crime) might be moderated by psychopathy traits (interpersonal and affective deficits and antisocial behavior). Eighty-eight sex offenders (76% of whom child molesters) and 102 other offenders were included. The Historical, Clinical and Risk Management - 20 item Version 3 (HCR-20V3) and Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) were administered. The scores of the HCR-20V3 Historical scale items were computed to assess life events. The scores of the PCL-R factors, F1 Interpersonal affective deficits and F2 Antisocial behavior, were recorded. The presence of a history of problems with non-intimate relationships was the only significant risk factor for sexual crime compared with other crimes. Interpersonal and affective deficits provided an increased likelihood of being sex offenders as compared with other offenders when problems with non-intimate relationships were possibly/partially or certainly present

Modeling the iron oxides and oxyhydroxides for the prediction of environmentally sensitive phase transformations

Iron oxides and oxyhydroxides are challenging to model computationally as competing phases may differ in formation energies by only several kJ/mol, they undergo magnetization transitions with temperature, their structures may contain partially occupied sites or long-range ordering of vacancies, and some loose structures require proper description of weak interactions such as hydrogen bonding and dispersive forces. If structures and transformations are to be reliably predicted under different chemical conditions, each of these challenges must be overcome simultaneously, while preserving a high level of numerical accuracy and physical sophistication. Here we present comparative studies of structure, magnetization, and elasticity properties of iron oxides and oxyhydroxides using density functional theory calculations with plane-wave and locally-confined-atomic-orbital basis sets, which are implemented in VASP and SIESTA packages, respectively. We have selected hematite, maghemite, goethite, lepidocrocite, and magnetite as model systems from a total of 13 known iron oxides and oxyhydroxides; and use same convergence criteria and almost equivalent settings in order to make consistent comparisons. Our results show both basis sets can reproduce the energetic stability and magnetic ordering, and are in agreement with experimental observations. There are advantages to choosing one basis set over the other, depending on the intended focus. In our case, we find the method using PW basis set most appropriate, and combine our results to construct the first phase diagram of iron oxides and oxyhydroxides in the space of competing chemical potentials, generated entirely from first principlesComment: 46 pages - Accepted for publication in PRB (19 journal pages), January 201

Double scaling and intermittency in shear dominated flows

The Refined Kolmogorov Similarity Hypothesis is a valuable tool for the description of intermittency in isotropic conditions. For flows in presence of a substantial mean shear, the nature of intermittency changes since the process of energy transfer is affected by the turbulent kinetic energy production associated with the Reynolds stresses. In these conditions a new form of refined similarity law has been found able to describe the increased level of intermittency which characterizes shear dominated flows. Ideally a length scale associated with the mean shear separates the two ranges, i.e. the classical Kolmogorov-like inertial range, below, and the shear dominated range, above. However, the data analyzed in previous papers correspond to conditions where the two scaling regimes can only be observed individually. In the present letter we give evidence of the coexistence of the two regimes and support the conjecture that the statistical properties of the dissipation field are practically insensible to the mean shear. This allows for a theoretical prediction of the scaling exponents of structure functions in the shear dominated range based on the known intermittency corrections for isotropic flows. The prediction is found to closely match the available numerical and experimental data.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, submitted to PR