Dependence of nonlinear refractive index of ZnSe on Be and Mg content

The values of the nonlinear refractive index n(2) and the two-photon absorption coefficient beta of ternary and quaternary ZnSe-based mixed crystals were extracted from the standard backward degenerate four wave mixing (DFWM) and nonlinear transmission measurements at 532 nm, respectively. Studied crystals were grown by the modified high-pressure Bridgman method. We found that the value of the nonlinear refractive index n(2) for Zn(0.79)Be(0.21)Se is higher than that for Zn(0.80)Mg(0.20)Se. However, the opposite behaviour was found in the case of two-photon absorption coefficient beta for these compounds. We also found that the values of the nonlinear refractive index n(2) and the two-photon absorption coefficient beta for Zn(0.83)Be(0.04)Mg(0.13)Se are about five times lower and three times higher than that for Zn(0.80)Mg(0.13)Se, respectively. In the case of ternary ZnSe-based crystals we noticed that the value of the nonlinear refractive index n2 decreases with increasing Mg or Be content. However, the value of the two-photon absorption coefficient beta increases with increasing Mg or Be content

Nonlinear optical properties of thiazolidinone derivatives

Thiazolidinone derivatives were synthesized and their physicochemical properties are determined by absorption, H NMR spectroscopies. The third order nonlinear optical properties of thiazolidinone containing compounds were investigated in solutions using degenerate four wave mixing (DFWM) method at 532 nm

Effect of the counter cation on the third order nonlinearity in anionic Au dithiolene complexes

In this work, we present the third order nonlinear optical investigation of two gold complexes, which differ by the nature of the counter cations. The impact of the different design in the architecture through a set of hydrogen bonds in the case of Au-Mel of the systems on the nonlinearity has been studied by means of the Z-scan setup under 532 nm, 30 ps laser excitation, allowing for the determination of the nonlinear absorption and refraction of the samples. Significant modification of the nonlinear optical response between the two metal complexes has been found suggesting a clear effect of the counter cation

Nonlinear optical properties of selected natural pigments extracted from spinach: Carotenoids

They are report here, for the first time in authors knowledge, results on third order nonlinear optical susceptibilities from a series of natural pigments extracted from spinach. The measurements were performed in-situ at 532 nm wavelength using degenerate four wave mixing technique (DFWM). For comparison third order nonlinear optical susceptibilities of the same pigments were also evaluated using third harmonic generation (THG) set up at 1064 nm. The electronic contribution to the observed properties was also deduced. The measurements were performed on thin films deposited on a thick glass substrate. These pigments were also identified by UV–VIS spectral analysis. All these results were in good agreement with the literature data

Physiological Response of Three Grapevine Cultivars Grown In North-Western Poland to Mycorrhizal Fungi

West Pomerania (Poland) is located near the northern boundary of the range of viticulture (the coldest zone A). Unfavourable weather conditions can pose a serious threat to the cultivated vines. One of the treatments used to increase the tolerance of plants to abiotic and biotic stresses is inoculation with symbiotic soil microorganisms. This paper focuses on the influence of mycorrhization on the changes in soil microbiology, the degree of colonization of roots by mycorrhizal fungi, and on selected physiologicalparameters of three grapevine cultivars (‘Pinot Noir’ on SO4 rootstock, ‘Regent’ on 5BB rootstock, and ‘Rondo’ on 125AA rootstock). The applied inoculation had a stimulating effect on the colonization of roots by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, as evidenced by higher mycorrhizal frequency and intensity in the mycorrhized plants. The mycorrhizal treatment increased the intensity of CO2 assimilation and transpiration. Mycorrhization reduced the efficiency of photosynthetic water use and increased stomatal conductance for water in the grapevines tested. The mycorrhizal treatment did not affect the concentration of assimilation pigments in vine leaves. The mycorrhization of grapevines had no effect on the values of initial fluorescence, maximum fluorescence, the maximum potential efficiency of photochemical reaction in PS II, the size of the pool of reduced electron acceptors in PS II, nor on the value of the PS II vitality index

Photoluminescence studies of selected styrylquinolinium thin films made using thermal evaporation deposition technique

In this paper we present a photoluminescence (PL) study of new styrylquinolinium dyes. We made a comparative study of the luminescent properties of thin films grown on quartz substrates using thermal evaporation deposition method. Investigated films show PL emission from the violet to near-IR region at room temperature

Nonlinear optical properties of Zn1−xMgxSe and Cd1−xMgxSe crystals

Nonlinear optical properties of Zn1−xMgxSe and Cd1−xMgxSe crystals have been studied using degenerate four wave mixing (DFWM), nonlinear transmission (NLT), second harmonic generation (SHG) and third harmonic generation (THG) methods by Nd:YAG laser operating at 532 nm and 1064 nm, respectively. The studied Zn1−xMgxSe and Cd1−xMgxSe crystals were grown from the melt by the modified high-pressure Bridgman method. The quadratic nonlinear optical properties of ternary crystals were investigated by second harmonic generation (SHG) technique. We found that the highest value of the second order nonlinear optical susceptibility was obtained for Cd0.7Mg0.3Se. In the case of cubic nonlinear optical properties we used third harmonic generation (THG) and degenerate four wave mixing (DFWM) methods. We found that the values of third order nonlinear optical susceptibility for Cd1−xMgxSe crystals are higher than for Zn1−xMgxSe ones

Addendum to: Capillary floating and the billiard ball problem

We compare the results of our earlier paper on the floating in neutral equilibrium at arbitrary orientation in the sense of Finn-Young with the literature on its counterpart in the sense of Archimedes. We add a few remarks of personal and social-historical character.Comment: This is an addendum to my article Capillary floating and the billiard ball problem, Journal of Mathematical Fluid Mechanics 14 (2012), 363 -- 38