Structural, optical, thermal, mechanical, SHG and antibacterial properties of organic dyes doped glycine potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate single crystals

The advanced electro-optical materials are highly demanded because of their various uses in recent years. Glycine potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate single crystals are grown using a slow solvent evaporation technique in order to investigate the effects of the organic dyes crystal violet, malachite green, chrysoidine y, alizarin red, and victoria blue on the structural, optical, mechanical, thermal, SHG, and antibacterial properties. The powder XRD study validates the 14-2d space group tetragonal crystal structure. The higher optical bandgap energy and increased optical transparency of the crystal violet and victoria blue dye doped crystals indicate that there are less defects in their crystal lattice. The elemental analysis confirmed the presence of different organic dyes in the GKDP crystal lattice. The dye doping has enhanced the mechanical and optical characteristics of the formed crystals, and are categorised as soft materials. It is found that all dye-doped crystals have improved thermal stability. Malachite green and crystal violet doped GKDP crystals have higher SHG efficiency