Pengaruh Pengairan Separuh Daerah Akar terhadap Efisiensi Penggunaan Air dan Produksi Kedelai (Glycine Max L.) pada Musim Kemarau

A new method of irrigation was designed for increasing water use efficiency (WUE) and yield of field grown soybeanduring dry season. This experiment consisted of four treatments , namely (1) the whole root zone system was irrigated with4 L m-2; (2) the partial root zone system was irrigated with 4 L m-2; (3) the partial root zone system was irrigated with 3 Lm-2; and (4) the partial root zone system was irrigated with 2 L m-2. Partial root zone irrigation treatments were done bydaily watering one side between two plants row while the other side was allowed to dry and irrigation was shifted to the dryside while the wet side was allowed to dry every 7 days irrigation interval, respectively. The experiment was designed as arandomized complete block design with four replications and a 2.6 m x 2.4 m plot size. The results showed that the partialroot zone irrigation treatment maintained growth, biomass, nodule, relative leaf water content, relative leaf chlorophyllcontent, leaf nitrogen content and yield at the level of fully irrigated treatment and increased leaf ABA content and water useefficiency, but the effect depended on volume of water applied. Partial root zone irrigation with 2 L m-2 and 3 L m-2 irrigationdecreased yield by 2.97% and 16.91%, respectively, however, those treatments increased water use efficiency by 29.97% and23.63%, respectively, compared to those with fully irrigated plots

Pengaruh Pengairan Separuh Daerah Akar terhadap Pertumbuhan Daun dan Kualitas Hasil Jeruk Siompu

Teknik pengairan memengaruhi pertumbuhan, hasil buah, dan kualitas buah jeruk Siompu. Salah satu teknik pengairanyang prospektif diteliti untuk meningkatkan kualitas hasil Jeruk Siompu adalah pengairan separuh daerah akar. Penelitian bertujuanuntuk mengetahui pengaruh pengairan separuh daerah akar terhadap pertumbuhan daun dan kualitas buah jeruk Siompu. Penelitianini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Penelitian ini terdiri atas lima perlakuan pengairan yaitu (P0)pengairan seluruh daerah akar (PDA) 20 l air/pohon, (P1) pengairan separuh daerah akar (PSDA) 20 l air/pohon, (P2) PSDA 15 l air/pohon, (P3) PSDA 10 l air/pohon,dan (P4) PSDA 5 l air/pohon. Teknik PSDA yaitu air diberikan hanya pada sebagian daerah akar(satu sisi) tanaman, sedangkan sebagian daerah akar (sisi lainnya) tidak diberikan air atau diberi peluang mengalami kondisi kering,masing-masing dengan interval waktu 8 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PSDA meningkatkan kandungan asam absisat(ABA) daun dan mempertahankan pertumbuhan daun, ukuran buah, sari buah, dan brix seperti perlakuan PDA, tetapi tidak dapatmeningkatkan kualitas buah dan mengurangi kadar K daun. Pada musim kemarau, teknik PSDA 10 l air/pohon atau penghematanair 50% dibanding kontrol dapat direkomendasikan untuk pengairan tanaman jeruk Siompu, meskipun perlu dilakukan studi integrasipengairan separuh daerah akar dengan pemupukan dan mulsa pada musim kemarau

Analisis Pengaruh Temperatur Dan Perlakuan Korosi Terhadap Ketahanan Putus Tabung Silinder Asetilin Bermaterial Drum Besi Bekas (Baja AISI 1045)

corrosion rate of cylinder tube materials. The temperature variations determined by the specimen were 200ºC, 250ºC and 300ºC. The specimens were subjected to corrosion treatment with Calcium Carbide (Carbide) corrosion media, then tested. The results showed that the lowest corrosion rate was the treatment specimen, namely 48.57142 mg/cm2 day, while the specimen with the highest rate was the specimen with the provisions of 70.47619 mg/cm2 day. For the tensile test, the highest value of fracture tensile stress (σp) was the untreated specimen of 243.35 MPa, while the lowest value of fracture stress (σp) was the specimen with a temperature of 300oC of 156,786 Mpa, the highest value of fracture tensile strain (ɛp) was the specimen with 300oC of 0.166875%, while the lowest value of fracture tensile strain (ɛp) is the specimen with the provision of 250 °C of 0.12025%, the highest modulus of elasticity is the specimen with the 200oC requirement of 1569.2026 MPa, while the lowest modulus of elasticity is the specimen with 300 °C of 939.5415 MPaPeneletian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh variasi temperatur dan pemberian perlakuan korosi terhadap kekuatan tarik dan laju korosi material tabung silinder asetilin. Variasi temperatur pemanasan spesimen yaitu 200ºC, 250ºC, dan 300ºC. Spesimen diberikan perlakuan korosi dengan media korosi Kalsium Karbida (Karbid), setelah itu dilakukan pengujian tarik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa spesimen dengan laju korosi terendah adalah spesimen tanpa perlakuan yaitu 48,57142  mg/cm2hari, sedangkan spesimen dengan laju korosi tertinggi adalah spesimen dengan pemanasan 300oC yaitu 70,47619  mg/cm2hari. Untuk pengujian tarik, nilai tegangan tarik patah (σp) tertinggi yaitu spesimen tanpa perlakuan sebesar 243,35 MPa, sedangkan nilai tegangan tarik patah (σp) terendah yaitu spesimen dengan pemanasan pada temperatur 300oC sebesar 156,786 Mpa, nilai regangan tarik patah (ɛp) tertinggi yaitu spesimen dengan pemanasan 300oC sebesar 0,166875 %, sedangkan nilai regangan tarik patah (ɛp) terendah yaitu spesimen dengan pemanasan 250°C sebesar 0,12025 %, nilai modulus elastisitas tertinggi yaitu spesimen dengan pemanasan 200oC sebesar 1569,2026 MPa, sedangkan nilai modulus elastisitas terendah yaitu spesimen dengan pemanasan 300°C sebesar 939,5415 MP

Study of Low-grade Chronic Inflammatory Markers in Men with Central Obesity: Cathepsin S Was Correlated with Waist Circumference

BACKGROUND: There is a prevalence increase of overweight and obesity in Indonesia. Central obesity can lead a variety of chronic diseases through the inflammatory process. There are some markers for low-grade chronic inflammatory, such as cathepsin S, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-1- beta (IL-1β). To our current interest that central obesity can lead to various chronic diseases through the inflammatory process, we conducted a study to investigate correlation of Cathepsin S, hs-CRP, IL-1β in men with central obesity.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Seventy-eight selected subjects were examined to collect anthropometric data and prepared for sample collection. Collected samples were processed for the following biochemical analyses: fasting glucose, high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, triglyceride, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), cathepsin S, hs-CRP, and IL-1β. Data distribution and variable correlation were then statistically analyzed.RESULTS: There were significant correlations between waist circumference (WC) and cathepsin S (p=0.030; r=0.214), hs-CRP and cathepsin S (p=0.007; r=0.276), triglyceride and IL-1β (p=0.019; r=-0.235), WC and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p=0.003; r=-0.312), WC and fasting glucose (p=0.000; r=0.380), WC and body mass index (BMI) (p=0.000; r=0.708).CONCLUSION: Our study showed that cathepsin S was correlated with central obesity, suggesting that cathepsin S could be a potential inflammatory marker in central obesity in the future

INFLUENTIAL FACTORS AND BREAK EVEN POINT IN THE CULTIVATION OF PARE (MOMORDICA CHARANTIA L.)

Farmers generally cultivate rice, vegetables and plantations. The bitter melon vegetable commodity is one that is widely grown by farmers in Tabanio Village, Takisung District, Tanah Laut Regency. It is hoped that by carrying out this research the aim is to analyze the existence of farming activities, both technically and economically, and will reveal the influencing factors and the break even point (BEP) for bitter melon crop production. This research used a census method (all members of the population were used as samples. There were 30 farmers who carried out bitter melon cultivation activities (as respondent farmers). Bitter melon farming with a TR value was greater than the TC value. Based on this data, it can be seen from the average value The average TR is IDR 23,040,000/farmer with a production output of 4,608 kg/farmer which is greater than the average BEP value, a value of IDR 4,696,486/farmer or if you look at the production volume, the average BEP value for bitter melon production is 939.30 Kg/farmer. The results of the variance analysis show that there is a real relationship between bitter melon production (Y) and looking at the use of land area (X1), labor (X2), and capital (X3). This is shown by the Fcount value (11.036) which is greater than Ftable at the 5% confidence level (Ftable 2.96), thus indicating that there is a real relationship between bitter melon production and the production factors used

Cocoa Pod Husk Biochar Reduce Watering Frequency and Increase Cocoa Seedlings Growth

Biochar amount applied in the growing soil medium may decrease water use of cocoa seedling during dry season and hence may increase water use efficiency, thus a polybag experiment was carried out in the Glasshouse Agricultural Faculty, Halu Oleo University, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi Indonesia in 2016to evaluate the effect of cocoa pod husk (CPH) biochar and watering frequencies on growth of cocoa seedlings.The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with seven cacao pod husk (CPH) biochar levels (without CPH biochar, 3 g CPH biochar kg-1 soil, 6 g CPH biochar kg-1 soil, 9 g CPH biochar kg-1 soil, 12 g CPH biochar kg-1 soil, 15 g CPH biochar kg-1 soil dan 18 g CPH biochar kg-1 soil) and three watering frequencies ( every two days, every four days and every six days) in three replications. Results showed that CPH biochar and watering frequency significantly influenced soil moisture. The rate of CPH biochar amendment determined watering frequency and cocoa seedling growth rate. CPH biochar improved cocoa seedling growth and reduced watering frequency. Cocoa seedlings treated with 9 g CPH biochar kg-1 soil and 60 g CPH biochar kg-1 soil with every six days of WF increased WUE by 208.8% and 262.22%, respectively, compared to no biochar application

Performance of Xpert MTB/RIF and sputum microscopy compared to sputum culture for diagnosis of tuberculosis in seven hospitals in Indonesia

IntroductionTuberculosis (TB) is a major public health concern in Indonesia, where the incidence was 301 cases per 100,000 inhabitants in 2020 and the prevalence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) TB is increasing. Diagnostic testing approaches vary across Indonesia due to resource limitations. Acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear is widely used, though Xpert MTB/RIF has been the preferred assay for detecting TB and rifampicin resistance since 2012 due to higher sensitivity and ability to rapidly identify rifampicin resistance. However, <1,000 Xpert instruments were available in Indonesia as of 2020 and the Xpert supply chain has suffered interruptions.MethodsWe compared the performance of Xpert MTB/RIF and AFB smear to facilitate optimization of TB case identification. We analyzed baseline data from a cohort study of adults with pulmonary TB conducted at seven hospitals across Indonesia. We evaluated sensitivity and specificity of AFB smear and Xpert MTB/RIF using Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) culture as the gold standard, factors associated with assay results, and consistency of Xpert MTB/RIF with drug susceptibility test (DST) in detecting rifampicin resistance.ResultsSensitivity of AFB smear was significantly lower than Xpert MTB/RIF (86.2 vs. 97.4%, p-value <0.001), but specificity was significantly better (86.7 vs. 73.3%, p-value <0.001). Performance varied by hospital. Positivity rate for AFB smear and Mtb culture was higher in subjects with pulmonary cavities and in morning sputum samples. Consistency of Xpert MTB/RIF with DST was lower in those with rifampicin- sensitive TB by DST.DiscussionAdditional evaluation using sputa from primary and secondary Indonesian health centers will increase the generalizability of the assessment of AFB smear and Xpert MTB/RIF performance, and better inform health policy.Clinical trial registration[https://clinicaltrials.gov/], identifier [NCT027 58236]

Produksi dan Keuntungan Hasil Usahatani Semangka (Citrullus Vulgaris Scard) di Desa Telaga Kecamatan Pelaihari Kabupaten Tanah Laut Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan

This study aims to determine technically the implementation of watermelon farming, economically regarding the costs, revenues, and profits of watermelon farming during one production process. This thesis research was carried out in Telaga Village, Pelaihari District,Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan Province. Production obtained from watermelon farming in Telaga Village is an average of 12,942.57 kg/farmer or 11.30 tons/farmer. The average total revenue is Rp. 15,531,084,00/farmer. Average income is Rp. 9,564,436.92/farmer..The average profit is Rp. 7,754,562.80/farme