113 research outputs found
Prevalence and genotyping identification of Cryptosporidium in adult ruminants in central Iran
Get PDFBackground
Apicomplexan parasites of the genus Cryptosporidium infect a wide range of animal species as well as humans. Cryptosporidium spp. can cause life threatening diarrhea especially in young animals, children, immunocompromised patients and malnourished individuals. Asymptomatic cryptosporidial infections in animals can also occur, making these animals potential reservoirs of infection.
Methods
In the present study, a molecular survey of Cryptosporidium spp. in ruminants that were slaughtered for human consumption in Yazd Province, located in central Iran was conducted. Faeces were collected per-rectum from 484 animals including 192 cattle, 192 sheep and 100 goats. DNA was extracted from all samples and screened for Cryptosporidium by PCR amplification of the 18S rRNA gene. Positives were Sanger sequenced and further subtyped by sequence analysis of the 60 kDa glycoprotein (gp60) locus.
Results
In total, Cryptosporidium spp. were detected in 22 animals: C. andersoni and C. bovis in seven and two cattle faecal samples, respectively, C. ubiquitum in five sheep, and C. xiaoi in six sheep and two goat samples, respectively. To our knowledge, this study provides for the first time, molecular information concerning Cryptosporidium species infecting goats in Iran, and is also the first report of C. ubiquitum and C. xiaoi from ruminants in Iran.
Conclusion
The presence of potentially zoonotic species of Cryptosporidium in ruminants in this region may suggest that livestock could potentially contribute to human cryptosporidiosis, in particular among farmers and slaughterhouse workers, in the area. Further molecular studies on local human populations are required to more accurately understand the epidemiology and transmission dynamics of Cryptosporidium spp. in this region
NUMERICAL MODELING AND PARAMETRIC STUDIES OF EXPLOSION-INDUCED SOIL LIQUEFACTION
No full textDetonation of explosives in saturated sandy soils generates high-intensity compressive stress waves. These stress waves cause a significant increase in pore water pressure and a decrease in effective stress that may cause soil liquefaction. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of explosion-induced soil liquefaction development and how to decrease its damages can be vitally
important for geotechnical and passive defense engineers. Because of the complex structure of soil, high amplitude blast loading, short time of detonation, high strain and pore water pressure, the numerical modeling of explosion-induced liquefaction is very complicated. Moreover, experimental results are highly dependant on the site condition and methods of experiment. In this paper, an explosion-induced soil liquefaction phenomenon has been simulated in three-dimensional space using LS-DYNA V971 R4.2 explicit dynamic nonlinear finite-element analysis code. To model soil properties in these analyses, MAT-FHWA-SOIL saturated sandy soil has been used which is available in LS-DYNA code with the modified Mohr-Coulomb behavior. To apply blast loading, a buried cylindrical explosive charge located on the axis of symmetry of the model has been used. The JWL equation of state has been applied to simulate blast phenomenon. In addition to numerical modeling of explosion-induced soil liquefaction phenomenon, parametric studies have been conducted for the investigation of effects of parameters in relation to soil properties and loading conditions on the generation of residual excess pore water pressure. The obtained results from this research demonstrate that increasing the skeleton bulk modulus of the soil leads to the increasing residual excess pore water pressure. Soil parameters, such as cohesion, maximum, and residual internal friction angle, are the factors that have no effect on the generation of residual excess pore water pressure
Frequency of Intestinal Parasites in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Compared with Healthy Controls in Fasa, Fars Province, Iran, 2018
No full textTherapeutic Effect of Onosma Stinosiphon Extract on Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Infected BALB/c Mice
No full textIntroduction: Leishmaniasis is wide range, worldwide, without drug, vaccine, secticide and has not sterile immunity and Efforts in this field has not been successful. Research on efficacy of medicinal plants, is including the research infrastructure. Herbaceous plants tomentose perennial local name Khouchoobe in Kerman And official Zangoolaei Looleh baric and scientific name Onosma stinosiphon "Traditionally in the past as a poultice to treat skin, superficial cuts, wounds and acne has been used. Its disinfectant properties at the site of the wound have been proved. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis is throughout the country as epidemics and endemic. Purpose of this is Effectiveness Comparison between Onosma. This study was to Effect of Onosma stinosiphon Extract on Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Infected BALB/c mice.
Methods: sufficient root of Onosma stinosiphon were minced and they were dissolved in Ethanol 80. Then they were placed into the stirrer with magnets in room temperature for 24 hours. Next, they were softened. This compound was, first, sterilized and prepared as tropica with concentration of 40, 60 and 80%. It was refrigerated until used. In the lab, 50 BABL/c mice were infected with the parasite Leishmania (L) tropica, They were divided into four control groups and a group that received 40, 60, and 80% concentration of the extract- Onosma stinosiphon and Honey As soon as the Leishmania lesion appeared, Extract- Onosma stinosiphon was applied every two days. As well, the foot and the size of the lesion were measured the weight was also taken in all mice in the four groups by using ale and coliss every week until the death of the last mouse in the control group.
Results: Average weight of mice receiving extracts each other and an average weight of mice of receiving honey with an average weight of control mice showed no significant difference (P> 0.05).
Average diameter ulcer mice receiving extracts each other and an Average diameter ulcer mice receiving honey with an average diameter size of mice control mice showed significant difference (P = 0.000). Determine the average size of the spleen (mm) and compare survival time (days) in any study group which was not significant (P> 0.05).
Conclusion: topical use of Onosma stinosiphon extract in the treatment of cutaneous Leishmaniasis wounds causes to be the growth slower diameter size and use of topical honey prevention of cause necrosis and creation of secondary bacterial infections are, but it Do not none whole parasite removal from the body
Re: Midurethral Tissue Fixation System sling - a 'micromethod' for cure of stress incontinence - preliminary report and Tissue Fixation System posterior sling for repair of uterine/vault prolapse - a preliminary report
No full textffectiveness of Lawsonia inermis Extract on Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Lesion in BALB/c Mice
No full textAbstract:
Background & Aims: Henna (Lawsonia inermis) leaf has long been used for industrial, commercial and medical purposes. The present study was performed to determine the efficacy of henna on cutaneous leishmaniasis lesion in BALB/c mice.
Methods: Sufficient amount of henna leaves were prepared, grounded, and dissolved in 80% alcohol and the extract was prepared by percolation method. The dry extract was sterilized and prepared in ointment base at 40, 60, and 80% concentrations. At the same time, 40 mice (BABL/c, 8 weeks old) were infected by Leishmaniasis Major [MRHO/IR/75/ER] through the injection of 0.1 ml promastigotes subcutaneously in their tail base. Then animals were divided into one control group (without receiving any drug) and three experimental groups receiving respectively 40, 60, and 80% concentrates of henna extract every two days and immediately after the appearance of the lesion. Weekly monitoring of weight and lesion diameter was recorded. Data analysis was done through SPSS software.
Results: In regard to the mean weight, the groups receiving 40% extract and 60% extract showed significant difference with each other (P=0.000) but not with the group receiving 80% extract. There was also no significant difference between control group and case groups in mean weight. Lesion diameter in 40% extract group had significant difference comparing to the control group and 60% and 80% extract groups. Mean lesion size of the mice receiving 40% henna extract compared with mice receiving 60% extracts showed significant difference (P=0.000).
Conclusion: Totally, henna extract reduced the rate of weight decrease but it was not significant. However, the mean lesion size of mice receiving henna extract was significantly reduced as compared with that of control group.
Keywords: Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Henna Extract, BALB/c Mice, Treatmen
Usefullness of Honey from the Islamic Point of View and Evaluation of Its Effects on Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Wounds in Balb/C Rats Invitro
No full textIntroduction: Honey has been one of the most complete and a delicious edible since ages and there has been a special consideration towards it in Islam. In the Holy Quran, there is a full chapter named “The Bee (Nahl)” and there is a verse in it as follows: “And your lord revealed to the bee saying make hives in the mountains and in the trees and in what they build, then eat of all of fruits and walk in the ways of your lord submissively. There comes forth from within it a beverage of many colors, in which there is healing for men, most surely there is a sign in this for a people who reflect.” (2) Honey has been used traditionally in medicine throughout history, for healing chronic wounds resistant to antibiotics and various kinds of burns. Because honey has low humidity, high osmotic pressure and pH, it causes stasis of growth of infectious agents and a sterile layer on sorts. A former survey showed that honey contains 20 types of sugars, 8 types of vitamins, 11 types of mineral substances,16 types of amino acids, a large of enzymes and so on. In this study we surveyed the properties of honey from the Islamic point of view and its effects on cutaneous leishmaniasis wounds in BALB/c rats in the laboratory. Methods: Sufficient natural honey from Golpayegan, a city in Isfahan province renown for its natural, good quality honey and ointment Paramo-U (made in Iran) were obtained. 30 BALB/c mice were infected with the parasiteLeishmania(L)major[MRHO/IR/75/ER] (Parasitology Dept on Faculty Medicine in Tarbiat Modares University). They were divided into three groups Honey study group, Negative and Positive groups and as soon as the Leishmania lesion was obvious, weight of the mice and size of the lesion were measured in all by using Scale and Coliss(Mettler,Switzerland)weekly until the death of the last mouse in the Negative control group. The data was analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The mean weight of the mice that received honey was not significantly different from the mean weight of the mice in the negative and positive groups. (p>0.05). But the mean wound size in the mice that received honey was significantly different from the mean wound measurement in the negative and positive controls groups (p=0.0001). Conclusion: When BALB/c mice are infected with Rural Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Leishmania(L) major [MRHO/IR/75/ER], it results in gradual loss of weight and increase in the size of the cutaneous lesion. If not treated, it develops into visceral leishmaniasis and ultimately death of the animal. Use of honey did not affect the weight significantly, but showed a significant decrease in the size of the lesions
Effect of Direct Electricity Current on Viability of Leishmania (L) tropica Promastigotes: an in vitro Study
No full textIntroduction: Leishmaniasis is among top ten infectious diseases in the world, including the three diseases is important that the development of vaccines, medicines and insecticides is difficult to control it. The aim of in this study was Effect of direct electricity current on viability of Leishmania (L) tropica promastigotes: an In vitro study.
Methods: Leishmania (L) tropica [MHOM / IR / NADIM3] to an appropriate level in NNN medium and RPMI1640 culture and promastigotes was prepared both stationary and logarithmic phases. The effects of the direct current from the electrodes 2 or 4 cm Leishmania parasite when staining the size of 1 × 1/5 cm in a arose gel and the parasites create both stationary and logarithmic phases were separate. Electrodes are 2 or 4 cm, and when the voltage in the order of 2/5, 3/5 and 4/5 was applied to the electrodes at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 70 minutes.
Results: Mean number of live promastigotes stationary and logarithmic stages when the distance between the electrodes was 2 cm to voltage 2/5, 3/5 and 4/5 compared with promastigotes in the control group showed significant differences (P=0.003). Also mean number of live promastigotes static stage when the distance between the electrodes was 4 cm to voltage 2/5 and 3/5 V was not significant (P=0.148). And 3/5 and 4/5 volts for voltage are not significant (P>0.05), the mean number of live promastigotes logarithmic stage when the distance between the electrodes was 4 cm, the voltage difference between the number of parasites for 2/5 and 3/5 V Not significant (P=0.725).
Conclusion: The electrodes are more sensitive and dynamic stage promastigotes lower and higher voltage electric current effect on growth control well
A dynamic model for the investigation of twisting effect in long flux- switching PM motors in ESPs
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