27 research outputs found
Probing a ferromagnetic critical regime using nonlinear susceptibility
The second order para-ferromagnetic phase transition in a series of amorphous
alloys (Fe{_5}Co{_{50}}Ni{_{17-x}}Cr{_x}B{_{16}}Si{_{12}}) is investigated
using nonlinear susceptibility. A simple molecular field treatment for the
critical region shows that the third order suceptibility (chi{_3}) diverges on
both sides of the transition temperature, and changes sign at T{_C}. This
critical behaviour is observed experimentally in this series of amorphous
ferromagnets, and the related assymptotic critical exponents are calculated. It
is shown that using the proper scaling equations, all the exponents necessary
for a complete characterization of the phase transition can be determined using
linear and nonlinear susceptiblity measurements alone. Using meticulous
nonlinear susceptibility measurements, it is shown that at times chi{_3} can be
more sensitive than the linear susceptibility (chi{_1}) in unravelling the
magnetism of ferromagnetic spin systems. A new technique for accurately
determining T{_C} is discussed, which makes use of the functional form of
chi{_3} in the critical region.Comment: 11 Figures, Submitted to Physical Review
Structural, magnetic and electrical properties of single crystalline La_(1-x)Sr_xMnO_3 for 0.4 < x < 0.85
We report on structural, magnetic and electrical properties of Sr-doped
LaMnO_3 single crystals for doping levels 0.4 < x < 0.85. The complex
structural and magnetic phase diagram can only be explained assuming
significant contributions from the orbital degrees of freedom. Close to x = 0.6
a ferromagnetic metal is followed by an antiferromagnetic metallic phase below
200 K. This antiferromagnetic metallic phase exists in a monoclinic
crystallographic structure. Following theoretical predictions this metallic
antiferromagnet is expected to reveal an (x^2-y^2)-type orbital order. For
higher Sr concentrations an antiferromagnetic insulator is established below
room temperature.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure
Langevin Simulation of Thermally Activated Magnetization Reversal in Nanoscale Pillars
Numerical solutions of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert micromagnetic model
incorporating thermal fluctuations and dipole-dipole interactions (calculated
by the Fast Multipole Method) are presented for systems composed of nanoscale
iron pillars of dimension 9 nm x 9 nm x 150 nm. Hysteresis loops generated
under sinusoidally varying fields are obtained, while the coercive field is
estimated to be 1979 14 Oe using linear field sweeps at T=0 K. Thermal
effects are essential to the relaxation of magnetization trapped in a
metastable orientation, such as happens after a rapid reversal of an external
magnetic field less than the coercive value. The distribution of switching
times is compared to a simple analytic theory that describes reversal with
nucleation at the ends of the nanomagnets. Results are also presented for
arrays of nanomagnets oriented perpendicular to a flat substrate. Even at a
separation of 300 nm, where the field from neighboring pillars is only 1
Oe, the interactions have a significant effect on the switching of the magnets.Comment: 19 pages RevTeX, including 12 figures, clarified discussion of
numerical technique
Magnetic and charge structures in itinerant-electron magnets: Coexistence of multiple SDW and CDW
A theory of Kondo lattices is applied to studying possible magnetic and
charge structures of itinerant-electron antiferromagnets. Even helical spin
structures can be stabilized when the nesting of the Fermi surface is not sharp
and the superexchange interaction, which arises from the virtual exchange of
pair excitations across the Mott-Hubbard gap, is mainly responsible for
magnetic instability. Sinusoidal spin structures or spin density waves (SDW)
are only stabilized when the nesting of the Fermi surface is sharp enough and a
novel exchange interaction arising from that of pair excitations of
quasi-particles is mainly responsible for magnetic instability. In particular,
multiple SDW are stabilized when their incommensurate ordering wave-numbers
are multiple; magnetizations of different components
are orthogonal to each other in double and triple SDW when magnetic anisotropy
is weak enough. Unless are commensurate, charge density waves
(CDW) with coexist with SDW with . Because the
quenching of magnetic moments by the Kondo effect depends on local numbers of
electrons, the phase of CDW or electron densities is such that magnetic moments
are large where the quenching is weak. It is proposed that the so called stipe
order in cuprate-oxide high-temperature superconductors must be the coexisting
state of double incommensurate SDW and CDW.Comment: 10 pages, no figure
Study of critical exponents in doped La2/3Ca1/3Mn1-yFe yO3(y = 0, 0.03) manganite films
In this work, we investigated close to the Curie temperature T C the critical exponents of the magnetization of doped manganite La2/3Ca1/3Mn0.97Fe0.03O3 (LCMFO) thin films, as well as undoped La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 (LCMO). Using a T C distribution given by the intrinsic magnetic inhomogeneities in these ferromagnets enables the determination of β and δ critical exponents [corresponding to M(T) and M(H) respectively], average Curie temperature , and the T C distribution width, ΔT C. Additionally, we extracted the critical exponent η = βδ from the fits of ΔT C as a function of the external applied magnetic field. We found a value of 1.74 ± 0.09 for this exponent, close to that reported in undoped La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 thin films. Even though the substitution effects of the Mn ions by Fe affect the magnetotransport and structural properties of LCMO system, these results suggest that around T C, the magnetic phase transition, governed by the critical exponents, is similar in both magnetic systems, and belongs to the same universality class