Défis au développement de l’insémination artificielle chez le dromadaire

Artificial insemination (AI) in dromedaries remains challenging. A few AI trials with liquid stored semen have been published but they remain too small in term of number of inseminated females. AI trials with frozen-thawed semen have met with very little success. This papers reviews research performed in the area of dromedary semen collection and preservation with a special emphasize on biological differences compared to other species. These include, the viscous nature of camel ejaculate and the need for it liquefaction, the importance of induction of ovulation and possible effect on fertility and the difficult in reliably obtaining good quality ejaculates. We also present the most recent data regarding behavior of camel semen in various extenders and technique for preservation. Areas where further research is needed are pointed out throughout the manuscript. Keywords: Arti?cial insemination, fertility, semen, extenders, dromedary camel.L’insémination artificielle (IA) chez le dromadaire est un vrai défi. Quelques essais d’IA avec du sperme liquide stocké ont été publiés mais le nombre de femelles inséminées et les taux de conception restent relativement faibles. Les essais d’IA avec du sperme congelé et décongelé ont rencontré très peu de succès. Cet article passe en revue les recherches effectuées dans le domaine de la récolte et de la conservation du sperme du dromadaire en insistant particulièrement sur les différences biologiques par rapport aux autres espèces. La nature visqueuse de l’éjaculat du dromadaire et la nécessité de sa liquéfaction, l’importance de l’induction de l’ovulation et son éventuel effet sur la fertilité et la difficulté d’obtenir de façon fiable des éjaculats de bonne qualité. Nous présentons également les données les plus récentes concernant le comportement du sperme du dromadaire vis-à-vis de divers dilueurs et techniques de conservation. Les domaines où d’autres recherches sont nécessaires sont signalés tout au long du manuscrit. Mots-clés: Insémination artificielle, fertilité, sperme, dilueurs, dromadaire

Challenges in the development of artificial insemination in the dromedary camel

Artificial insemination (AI) in dromedaries remains challenging. A few AI trials with liquid stored semen have been published but they remain too small in term of number of inseminated females. AI trials with frozen-thawed semen have met with very little success. This papers reviews research performed in the area of dromedary semen collection and preservation with a special emphasize on biological differences compared to other species. These include, the viscous nature of camel ejaculate and the need for it liquefaction, the importance of induction of ovulation and possible effect on fertility and the difficult in reliably obtaining good quality ejaculates. We also present the most recent data regarding behavior of camel semen in various extenders and technique for preservation. Areas where further research is needed are pointed out throughout the manuscript

Pengelolaan Sampah Organik Rumah Pemotongan Hewan, Industri Tahu, Peternakan, dan Pasar di Kecamatan Krian, Kabupaten Sidoarjo.

<p><strong>Hampir lebih dari 60% sampah yang dihasilkan di seluruh Indonesia merupakan sampah organik atau biasa disebut sampah sejenis rumah tangga. Sampah organik ini mempunyai potensi besar untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan – bahan yang berguna dan bernilai ekonomis, seperti kompos, biogas, dan sebagainya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh data terkait timbulan dan komposisi sampah organik dari 4 (empat) proses kegiatan di Kecamatan Krian Kabupaten Sidoarjo, yaitu Rumah Pemotongan Hewan (RPH), Industri Tahu, Peternakan, dan Pasar. Setelah data diketahui, kemudian bisa dijadikan pertimbangan untuk pengolahan sampah yang tepat guna terutama ditinjau dari aspek finansial.</strong><strong> </strong><strong>Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut: Jumlah timbulan limbah padat sentra industri tahu; 5018,33 kg/hari untuk kapasitas produksi tinggi; 2412,92 kg/hari untuk kapasitas produksi sedang; dan 524 kg/hari untuk kapasitas produksi rendah. Untuk timbulan limbah padat sentra peternakan sapi perah yang berupa kotoran sapi adalah sebesar 3272,889 kg/hari; dan sisa pakan ternak adalah sebesar 261,133 kg/hari. Timbulan limbah padat Rumah Pemotongan Hewan (RPH) yang berupa isi rumen adalah sebesar 3539,98 kg/hari; dan darah sapi sebesar 754,65 kg/hari.Jumlah timbulan limbah padat pasar krian adalah sebesar 4947,89 kg/hari dengan komposisi: sampah <em>biodegradable</em> (92,554%); dan lainnya (7,446) <em>non-biodegradable.</em></strong> <strong>Keuntungan yang didapat untuk pengolahan kompos dan RDF sebesar </strong><strong>Rp. 253.938.445,00 per tahun. Untuk keuntungan biogas sebesar </strong><strong>Rp. 131.613.525,00 dan Rp. 34.437.203,00 per tahun.</strong></p

Radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques as aids to studying pituitary hormones and improving reproductive management of the one-humped camel

International audienc

Molecular endocrinology of reproduction in the dromedary

National audienc

Molecular endocrinology of reproduction in the dromedary

National audienc

Purification, characterization and setting up of immunoassays of camel pituitary hormones

International audienc

Infectious causes of reproductive loss in camelids

Reproductive losses in camelids are due to infertility, pregnancy loss, udder diseases and neonatal mortality caused by a variety of infectious diseases. Uterine infection and abortion represent the major complaint in camelid veterinary practice. The major infectious organisms in endometritis and metritis are E. coli and Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus . Abortion rates due to infectious diseases vary from 10% to more than 70% in some areas. Leptospirosis, toxoplasmosis and chlamydiosis have been diagnosed as the major causes of abortion in llamas and alpacas. In camels, brucellosis and trypanosomiasis represent the major causes of infectious abortion in the Middle East and Africa. Mastitis is rare in South American camelids. The prevalence of subclinical udder infection in camels can reach very high proportions in dairy camels. Udder infections are primarily due to Streptococcus agalactiae and Staphylococcus aureus . Neonatal mortality is primarily due to diarrhea following failure of passive transfer and exposure to E. coli , rotavirus, coronavirus, Coccidia and Salmonella . This paper reviews the etio-pathogenesis of these causes of reproductive losses, as well as the major risk factors and strategies to prevent their occurrence

Purification and characterization of glycosylated and non-glycosylated forms of prolactin from the dromadery (Camelus dromedarius)

International audienc