Essential closures and AC spectra for reflectionless CMV, Jacobi, and Schrödinger operators revisited

We provide a concise, yet fairly complete discussion of the concept of essential closures of subsets of the real axis and their intimate connection with the topological support of absolutely continuous measures. As an elementary application of the notion of the essential closure of subsets of R we revisit the fact that CMV, Jacobi, and Schrödinger operators, reflectionless on a set ∈ of positive Lebesgue measure, have absolutely continuous spectrum on the essential closure ⋶^e of the set ∈ (with uniform multiplicity two on ∈). Though this result in the case of Schrödinger and Jacobi operators is known to experts, we feel it nicely illustrates the concept and usefulness of essential closures in the spectral theory of classes of reflectionless differential and difference operators

Characterizing the radial oxygen abundance distribution in disk galaxies

We examine the possible dependence of the radial oxygen abundance distribution on non-axisymmetrical structures (bar/spirals) and other macroscopic parameters such as the mass, the optical radius R25, the color g-r, and the surface brightness of the galaxy. A sample of disk galaxies from the CALIFA DR3 is considered. We adopted the Fourier amplitude A2 of the surface brightness as a quantitative characteristic of the strength of non-axisymmetric structures in a galactic disk, in addition to the commonly used morphologic division for A, AB, and B types based on the Hubble classification. To distinguish changes in local oxygen abundance caused by the non-axisymmetrical structures, the multiparametric mass--metallicity relation was constructed as a function of parameters such as the bar/spiral pattern strength, the disk size, color index g-r in the SDSS bands, and central surface brightness of the disk. The gas-phase oxygen abundance gradient is determined by using the R calibration. We find that there is no significant impact of the non-axisymmetric structures such as a bar and/or spiral patterns on the local oxygen abundance and radial oxygen abundance gradient of disk galaxies. Galaxies with higher mass, however, exhibit flatter oxygen abundance gradients in units of dex/kpc, but this effect is significantly less prominent for the oxygen abundance gradients in units of dex/R25 and almost disappears when the inner parts are avoided. We show that the oxygen abundance in the central part of the galaxy depends neither on the optical radius R25 nor on the color g-r or the surface brightness of the galaxy. Instead, outside the central part of the galaxy, the oxygen abundance increases with g-r value and central surface brightness of the disk.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures; accepted for publication in A&

Gas and stellar kinematic misalignment in MaNGA galaxies: what is the origin of counter-rotating gas?

Kinematic misalignment between gas and stellar components observed in a certain fraction of galaxies. It believed to be caused by acquisition of gas from the external reservoir by major or minor mergers, accretion from cosmological filaments or circumgalactic medium, etc. We aim to constrain possible sources of the gas that forms counter-rotating component. We derived the gas-phase oxygen abundance in 69 galaxies with kinematic misalignment between gas and stellar components from MaNGA DR17 survey and compared it with the metallicity expected according to the mass-metallicity relation. We found that the oxygen abundance of the counter-rotating gas in our sample is higher than 8.2 dex that excludes significant role of inflow of pristine gas. Meanwhile, there is a significant difference in the oxygen abundance of the counter-rotating gas between red and blue galaxies. In general, the oxygen abundance is lower than expected for their stellar mass in red galaxies, but is compatible with or even higher than typical values for their stellar mass in blue galaxies. We showed that the exchange of enriched gas between galaxies is the most plausible mechanism for explaining the metallicity of counter-rotating gas components in galaxies of all masses and colors. Meanwhile, minor mergers may play a significant role in the formation of counter-rotating gas components in red and quenched galaxies.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in A&A Letter

Oxygen abundance distributions in six late-type galaxies based on SALT spectra of HII regions

Spectra of 34 H II regions in the late-type galaxies NGC1087, NGC2967, NGC3023, NGC4030, NGC4123, and NGC4517A were observed with the South African Large Telescope (SALT). In all 34 H II regions, oxygen abundances were determined through the "counterpart" method (C method). Additionally, in two H II regions in which the auroral lines were detected oxygen abundances were measured through the classic Te method. We also estimated the abundances in our H II regions using the O3N2 and N2 calibrations and compared those with the C-based abundances. With these data we examined the radial abundance distributions in the disks of our target galaxies. We derived surface-brightness profiles and other characteristics of the disks (the surface brightness at the disk center and the disk scale length) in three photometric bands for each galaxy using publicly available photometric imaging data. The radial distributions of the oxygen abundances predicted by the relation between abundance and disk surface brightness in the W1 band obtained for spiral galaxies in our previous study are close to the radial distributions of the oxygen abundances determined from the analysis of the emission line spectra for four galaxies where this relation is applicable. Hence, when the surface-brightness profile of a late-type galaxy is known, this parametric relation can be used to estimate the likely present-day oxygen abundance in its disk.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures; Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysic