135 research outputs found
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ
Introduction. When conducting diagnostic examination of patients, various technological means are used to identify pathological conditions timely and accurately. The rapid development of sensors and imaging devices, as well as the advancement of modern diagnostic methods, facilitate the transition from the visual examination of images performed by a medical specialist towards the widespread use of automated diagnostic systems referred to as clinical decision support systems.Aim. To develop a method for enhancing the contrast of endoscopic images taking into account their features with the purpose of increasing the efficiency of medical diagnostic systems.Materials and methods. Contrast enhancement inevitably leads to an increase in the noise level. Despite the large number of different methods for noise reduction, their use at the preliminary stage of correction leads to the loss of small but important details. The development of a method for enhancing the contrast of endoscopic images was based on a nonlinear transformation of the intensity of pixels, taking into account their local neighborhood. Regression analysis was used to obtain a functional dependence between the depth of contrast correction and the degree of detail of the processed pixel neighborhood.Results. The results of experimental evaluation and comparison with conventional methods show that, under a comparable level of contrast enhancement, the proposed method provides a greater value of the structural similarity index towards to the original image (0.71 versus 0.63), with the noise level reduced by 17 %.Conclusion. In comparison with conventional methods, the developed method provides a simultaneous contrast correction of both light and dark image fragments and limits the growth of the noise level (typical of similar methods) by adapting the correction depth to the neighborhood features of the processed image element.ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅, ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ β ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΌΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠΌΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π° ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΠΊΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΈΡ
Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. Π€ΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΈΠΊΡΠ΅Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Ρ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ (0.71 ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² 0.63 Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°) ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΌΠΎΠ² Π½Π° 17 %.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ»ΡΡ
, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ (Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ°) ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Thermodynamic basis of intragroup separation of Pr and Nd in the chloride melts employing liquid gallium-tin electrodes
ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ (Π+ΠΠΠ‘) ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°Π·Π΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠ° Ρ ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΠΎΠΌ Ga-Sn. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ β ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ°Π·Π΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠ° Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π°Ρ
Ga-Sn Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ 573 1073 Π. Π ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ± Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π·Π΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠ°, Π² ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π³Π°Π»Π»ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π΅. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΡΠ°Π·Π΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠ° Π² ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π°Ρ
Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΠΌΡΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Π»Π΅ ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ.Objects of the study are two-phase and homogeneous liquid alloys of praseodymium and neodymium with Ga-Sn eutectic melt. The purpose of investigation is determination of thermodynamic properties of praseodymium and neodymium in the eutectic Ga-Sn alloys at the temperature range 573 1073 K. The report analyzed the published data on the activity, activity coefficient and solubility of praseodymium and neodymium, in gallium and tin. Separate chapter contains analysis of published data on the thermodynamic characteristics of alloys of praseodymium and neodymium with indium and bismuth because such alloys are suitable as reference electrodes at investigated temperatures.ΠΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π£ΡΠ€Π£ Π½Π° 2013 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ (ΠΏ.1.2.2.3
Changes in the agrochemical parameters of sod-podzolic soils under the influence of chromium pollution and recultivation measures
In the conditions of the Udmurt Republic, field experiments (2017-2021) were carried out on the remediation ofΒ agro-podzolic loamy soil (albeluvisoils) with a high level of chromium contamination (application of 500 mg a.i./kg of soil). Both chemical and physicochemical mechanisms have been used to reduce the degree of mobility of this heavy metal in soil. Ameliorants and fertilizers (limestone and phosphate rock, superphosphate, potassium humate, peat, zeolite) in various doses were studied as ameliorative additives. Various doses of ameliorants and fertilizers were studied as ameliorative additives: limestone and phospharite meal, superphosphate, potassium humate, peat and zeolite. As a result of the research, it was found that all ameliorative additives not only caused a sharp decrease in the mobility of chromium by 40-65 %, but also had a positive effect on the agrochemical parameters of the contaminated soil. The nature and parameters of this influence were determined by their chemical composition, the rate of application, and the period that passed after the application. LimestoneΒ flour statistically significantly reduced soil acidity in contaminated soil (by 1.21-3.03 pHKCl units) and increased the total of absorbed bases by 1.7-6.5 times. Phospharite meal (by 2.1-9.1 times) and superphosphate (by 13-43 %) increased the mobile phosphorus content in the soil; peat increased the organic matter content (by 0.28-1.47 abs.%); zeolite increased the total exchangeable bases by 1.4-9.8 mmol/100g or by 12-239 %. The positive effect of these ameliorative additives, especially their increased doses, was traced during all five years of observation, what allows them to be recommended as promising ameliorants for restoring the fertility of soddy-podzolic soils contaminated with chromium
Image Processing Algorithm for Virtual Chromoendoscopy (Tone Enhancement) in Clinical Decision Support System
Virtual chromoendoscopy is one of the demanded modern direction for increasing the diagnostic value of medical images. The most famous technics are I-SCAN and FICE, and image-processing algorithms that can leverage the unique characteristics of different spectral response in the endoscopic image are actual and relevant, such as TRI-SCAN. The new method of virtual chromoendoscopy based on digital processing of images obtained in the white light was proposed. The main feature of method is local nonlinear processing each color plane. Proposed method was tested on open database of endoscopic images KVASIR. Experiment shows that method can effectively improve color contrast. Proposed method realizes visual effect corresponding visual effect of images obtaining with modern technologies of virtual chromoendoscopy (I-SCAN and FICE) and give possibility to get visual effect superior than modern method of tone enhancement TRI-SCAN
ΠΠ‘Π‘ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ Π Π ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠ Π£ΠΠ£Π§Π¨ΠΠΠΠ― ΠΠΠΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ₯ (ΠΠΠΠΠ¦ΠΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ₯) ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠ
Introduction. The modern technologies of virtual chromoendoscopy provide significant increase of diagnostic value of images considered by a doctor. The analysis of existing technologies shows that the existing solutions have significant disadvantages. Some of them require a complex preliminary calibration of the equipment for operation. Others use global transformations, making impossible consideration of local tissues characteristics and so on. In general, nowadays the technology of virtual chromoendoscopy, which suits the majority of potential users β doctors, does not exists, and, therefore, there it is a field for research.Objective. Development of the method for virtual chromoendoscopy, with regard to disadvantages identified within the frames of carried out analysis of similar methods.Methods and materials. For implementation of the research were used open endoscopic image data-bases, by the instrumentality of which, as a result of modeling and experiment, were evaluated quality characteris-tics of the proposed method.Results. The new method of virtual chromoendoscopy. The main feature of the method is usage of nonlinear local transformation functions in transformation of RGB channels, as well as absence of calibration procedure for obtaining the effect of virtual chromoendoscopy. The proposed method is completely based on the technology of digital image processing and includes image brightness correction, which provides the possibility to obtain the necessary visual information both from very dark and overexposed fragments; image sharpening, contrasting small details and vessels.Conclusion. The expert assessment of the obtained results shows that the visual effect of the proposed method corresponds, or in some cases, exceeds the visual effect of proprietary technologies of virtual endoscopy I-Scan and FICE.ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π²ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ, Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡ Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΈ Ρ. Π΄. Π ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΡΡΠ°ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ β Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π° ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ, Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ², Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°.ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ΅ Π±Π°Π·Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ, Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ β ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ RGB-ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ²; ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄Ρ.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ, Π° Π² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ I-Scan ΠΈ FICE
Mechanisms of interacting <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> with gastric mucosal epithelium. II. A reaction of gastric epithelium on <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> colonization and persistence
Gastric and duodenal recurrent inflammatory diseases have a high prevalence, but the role played by microbes in its development remained unclear. However, the data published in 1983 by Marshall and Warren about isolating Helicobacter pylori from the stomach mucosa of the patient with gastritis and proposing relevant cultivation methods was the turning point in investigating etiology of the upper digestive tract inflammatory disorders. Moreover, it was shown that the majority of H. pylori spp. are found within the gastric lumen upon colonization, whereas around 20% of them are attached to the epithelial cells in the stomach. In addition, effects of interacting H. pylori with gastric epithelium and activation of some defense mechanisms due to bacterial colonization and spreading were analyzed. It was found that along with triggering pro-inflammatory response induced by proteins VacA as well as phosphorylated/unphosphorylated CagA, wherein the latter is able to induce a set of protective reactions H. pylori disrupts intercellular contacts, affects epithelial cell polarity and proliferation, and activates SHP-2 phosphatase resulting in emerging diverse types of cellular responses. The activation mechanisms for the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway were discussed. The ability of H. pylori to regulate apoptosis, particularly via its suppression, by expressing ERK kinase and protein MCL1 facilitating bacterial survival in the gastric mucosa as well as beneficial effects related to bacterial circulation on gastric epithelial cell survival elicited by anti-apoptotic factors were also examined. Of note, persistence of H. pylori are mainly determined by activating transcriptional factors including NF-ΞΊB, NFAT, SRF, T-cell lymphoid enhancing factor (TCF/LEF), regulating activity of MCL1 protein, in turn, being one of the main anti-apoptotic factors, as well as induced production of the migration inhibitory factor (MIF). The role of VacA cytotoxin in triggering epithelial cell apoptosis via caspase-mediated pathways was also considered. Infection with H. pylori is accompanied by release of proinflammatory cytokine cocktail detected both in vitro and in vivo. In particular, bacterial urease activating transcriptional factor NF-ΞΊB was shown to play a crucial role in inducing cytokine production. Moreover, such signaling pathways may be activated after H. pylori is attached to the cognate receptor in the gastric epithelial surface by interacting with CD74 and MHC class II molecules. Finally, a role for various CD4+ T cell subsets, particularly type 17 T helper cells (Th17) in inducing immune response against H. pylori antigens in gastric mucosa was revealed were also discussed
Π¦ΠΠ€Π ΠΠΠΠ― ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ₯ ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ― Π‘ΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠ§ΠΠΠΠ«Π₯ Π ΠΠ¨ΠΠΠΠ
The purpose of this research is to create new automatic methods for endoscopic image digital processing, ensuring their high ergonomics and the possibility of effective use in clinical decision support systems. As the result of investigation, the following methods were proposed: the detection and removal of specular highlights; compensation of radial and tangential geometric distortions; the mosaic panorama creation from the input video stream with low level of detail; brightness and contrast enhancement, providing simultaneous successful correction of both dark and bright areas of the image (uneven contrast) without significant underlining of the noise component typical for the existing nonlinear contrasting methods, especially in low-detail image areas; custom color correction based on linear transformation matrix taking into account endoscopic image characteristics and making it possible to customize color palette according to the physician individual preferences. The methods considered were successfully tested on real endoscopic images at the department of innovative medical devices of the Korean Electrotechnological Research Institute. The test results demonstrate their effectiveness and applicability in clinical decision support systems.ΠΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅. Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ°, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ c ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ Π² Π±Π°Π·Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ. ΠΠ·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡ
Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΡΡ ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²; ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ
; ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΡ ΠΈΠ· Π²Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠ° Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²; ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ»ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ (Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ) Π±Π΅Π· Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ; ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ° ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ "ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ΅", ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ°ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ°. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
Π² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ°. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ
Experimental comparison of induction and synchronous reluctance electric drive performance
Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ (ΠΠ) ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° (ABB) ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ (Π‘Π Π) Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΉ Π² ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π΅Ρ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΠ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π‘Π Π ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΠΠ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π‘Π Π ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ IE4. Π ΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ.The work is aimed at experimental comparison of constructive and energy characteristics of modern asynchronous electric motors of Russian and European manufacturers (ABB Ltd.) and the synchronous reluctance motor developed by the authors as a part of variable frequency drive. The prototype motor was designed based on the stator of an induction motor. The issues show that it is possible to significantly improve the efficiency of the variable frequency drive by use of a synchronous reluctance motor. The motor can correspond to the highest energy efficiency class IE4. At the same time the motor design is simple and cheap
Antibiotic Susceptibility Assessment of Helicobacter pylori Isolates by Disk-Diffusion Method
Β© 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is tightly associated with gastrointestinal disorders such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric MALToma, and gastric cancer. Decreased antibiotic susceptibility in H. pylori is a worldwide problem. Our objective was to determine in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of H. pylori isolates obtained from gastric mucosa biopsies of children with H. pylori-associated gastroduodenal diseases using disk-diffusion method. A total 76 biopsy specimens were studied; antibiotic susceptibility was assessed in case of 30 children in whom H. pylori was revealed by bacteriology. The maximum resistance of H. pylori isolates was revealed to clarithromycin with nine resistant isolates (30.0%). The rate of resistance to metronidazole, amoxicillin, furazolidone, tetracycline, and levofloxacin was 23.3, 33.3, 16.7, 25.0, and 16.7%, respectively. Multidrug resistance was detected in 20.0% of H. pylori strains. The high prevalence of resistance to antibiotics used in eradication therapy is becoming a problem which needs eradication therapy regimen use based on regional H. pylori resistance rates
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