PECULIARITIES AND TENDENCIES OF AGE-SPECIFIC BIRTH RATE IN SIBERIAN FEDERAL DISTRICT

Changes of birth, rate level in Siberian federal district during 1990—2000s testify to the abrupt decrease in the reproduction of population. The main factor of birth rate declination is complexities of an adaptation, of significant part of families to the changing conditions of vital activity. More evident changes of birth rate index (decrease) were found, in the group of women of 15—19 years old. as well as in the group of women of20—24 years old. that has important contribution, to the total birth, rate. Main reasons of negative changes of age-specific model are the transformation of marriage behavior among the young people, later marriage, delay or refuse to register the marriage, reproductive intentions. Basic principles and. measures for increase of birth, rate and. negotiation, of the intentions not to have many children were formulated

Gender Trends in Mortality in the Irkutsk Region

Background. A hypothesis on the main role of factors of psychosocial and psychological distress in the formation of gender differences in mortality in the post-Soviet period is proposed. Aim of the research. To identify the characteristics and main causes of changes in gender trends and indicators of sexual dimorphism in mortality of the population of the Irkutsk region in the post-Soviet period. Methods. Statistical materials were obtained from the databases of the Federal State Statistic Service of the Russian Federation and from the Demographic Yearbooks of Russia. To establish the gender characteristics of irrevocable demographic losses, we analyzed the values of the male excess mortality index. It is defined as the ratio of the mortality rate of men to the corresponding indicator for women. We established the close connection between changes in the male supermortality index and the level of psychological distress of the population. The last index was determined by the suicide rate. Results. During the 31-year period (1987–2017), the highest values of the male mortality index were observed in 1993– 1995 and in 2001–2005. An indicator of the frequency of suicides is proposed and applied as a specific socio-demographic criterion for the influence of the factor of psychological distress on the socio-demographic status of the population. The dependence of the male supermortality index on the level of psychological distress for the period from 1991 to 2017 is estimated. A strong positive relationship between these indicators was identified (r = 0.792; p < 0.0001). Conclusion. Changes in the indicator of male supermortality largely depend on changes in the level of psychological distress. The indicator of sexual dimorphism of mortality (the index of male supermortality) can be used as an important indicator of pronounced changes in psychosocial and psychological distress and, accordingly, the quality of life of a society

QCD one-loop correction to Higgs boson decay into quarkonium-pair

Rare decays of the Higgs boson into quarkonia-pairs are studied within the framework of NRQCD approach. The main decay mechanisms and their interference are studied in detail. One-loop corrections to the widths of these decays are taken into account for the first time.Comment: Minor changes for the text. Has been accepted by Phys. Rev.

PROBLEMS OF LIFE QUALITY ASSESSMENT AT POPULATION LEVEL

At present, many investigators pay their attention to studying the problem of life quality based on analysis of the objective and subjective indicators. Thereto, the numerous solutions, very unequal in both its objective grounding, choosing the concrete indices and in the methodical approaches used have been suggested. Moreover, the category of «life quality» is usually studied by the most authors at the individual level, rarely - at the group level. The specific category character «life quality» according to the big ethnological societies has been considered and the critical analysis of the available approaches to its study has been given in this work. The peculiarities of the population differentiation according to the levels of the material well-being in dependence on the salary sizes in the different branches of economy have been considered. The insufficient assessment of the society life quality in common extensive and averaged social-economic complex (the gross intrinsic product, the mean income level, the volume of the retail trades and so on) has been indicated. The complicity of reaching the wished life quality way he released informing the dangerous deformation of the adaptive strategies of the population. The sociological studies have shown that the increase in the deviant, extra-right strategies in the Russian society is the result of the reality adaptation of the available social-economic system, the method of the keeping and getting the wished life quality in contrast to all the eternal conditions and changes. The need of the population life quality assessment using the intensive, structural (qualitative) and social criteria (dependence on the world economic conjuncture, the quality of economics grows, the degree of the social-economic inequality, the registration or the oblivion of the requirements in the scientific-technical development, the problems of national safety) has been grounded. The society life quality assessment may not be considered as the adequate and complete if it is mainly based on the economic indices of vital activity (the level of the material well-being) and doesn't take into account the most important aspects such as the economic inequality, the social well-being, the state of human potential, the national safety and so on

Mortality rate, conditions of vital activity among teenagers and youth in Siberia during 1990-2000 years

The article presents the materials on the characterization of the indices of mortality among 15-19 years old. teenagers and. youth, in Siberia as well as the most important factors that influenced the change of these indices during 1991-2009 (on the example of the Irkutsk region). It was showed that main determinants of increase of the mortality rate of studied, group of people were social-economic shifts in the country among which the changes in the social-cultural environment had. the leading role. The aim. of the research was to study of peculiarities of changes of mortality of 15-19 years old. teenagers and. young people in conditions of Siberia during 1991-2009 years and. to reveal main determinants of these changes (on the example of Irkutsk region). Index of total mortality of boys during the researched period was 60 % higher than average indice in Russia, the one of girls was 37,8 % higher. As the result of the analysis of factors of environment, conditions of life and. indices of public health we determined that unfavorable dynamics of morbidity and. mortality was connected with social-economic transformations in the country and. with life level decrease in particular. In our opinion effect of social-economic transformations on the formation of early mortality of people was mediated by the condition of psychosocial ill-being of the society that included two components - psycosocial stress and. psycological health disorders. In this social-demographic situation it's necessary for educational and. public health institutions to elaborate and. introduce effective system of medicoprophylactic measures in the institutions of general education. This system's main component is developement of motivation, skills and. necessity of healthy life style in schoolchildren, formation of negative attitude to the smoking, alcohol, abused drugs and. prevention of formation of suicidal behaviour

Web Application for Visual Modeling of Discrete Event Systems

This research work has resulted in the development of a web application that enables discrete event systems simulation to be created using a Petri-object approach. It provides the development of a model in two stages. In the first stage, the dynamics of the classes of objects are created using Petri net. In the second stage, the model is composed of objects with given dynamics. The simulation algorithm is based on stochastic Petri net with multichannel transitions and is implemented using Ruby. The web application enables the design of the model's dynamics by manipulation with graphics objects and saving it not only as a graphics object but also as a program method. This greatly improves the overall performance of the simulation model development

Health state, lifestyle and trends of forming the medical-demographic population potential of teenager and youth age in Siberia (on example of Irkutsk region)

The results of long standing investigations on studying the features of forming the main indices characterizing the losses of the demographic potential in the contingents of teenagers and young people of Irkutsk Region during 1990-2000th are presented in this paper. The index of general morbidity among the teenagers was found to increase 2,8 times for the period of this study: the prevalence indices of the endocrine system, the pathology of the urogenital system, the digestion organs as well as the parasitic and infectious diseases were found to increase in the highest degree. Among the girls of 15-17 years old the prevalence index of the inflammatory diseases of the female pelvic organs increased more than 20 times; the disorder frequency of the menstrual cycle - 9,1. In studying the lifestyle in the young people a number of the factors which may exert the negative influence on their health state (the early beginning of sexual life, smoking and alcohol consumption) has been revealed. The structural-quantitative invalidity features among the children and teenagers were revealed: the index of common invalidity increased 1,8 times among the boys and 1,9 times among the girls in the age groups of 10-14 years old; 1,4 times among the boys and 1,3 times among the girls in the age group of 15-17 years old; the indices of common invalidity were found to be higher in the boys than in the girls; the main pathology which may stipulate the invalidization may be associated with the psychical disorders and the behavior disorders, the diseases of the nervous system and the inborn anomalies. The rate of common mortality was found to be higher than the average Russian level among the youths and girls. The main proportion of the irrevocable losses of the teenagers is stipulated by the external causes of death: the mortality rate among the youths and girls was stipulated by such causes as suicides and murders in 78,6 % and 62,2 % of cases in 2010. The analysis of the value - motivation aspects of reproductive behavior among the students has shown that the largest proportion of the students were oriented to forming the families with few children in the future. These factors are characterized by the society states such as anomia which may stipulate the desocialization of the teenagers and young people which may on later form the deviant behavior and the health-destroying lifestyle

Топология оптических сетей FTTH (Fiber-to-the-Home)

This article describes different architecture of access networks, access protocols; also, we analyzed the characteristics of optical networks FTTH (Fiber to the Home). The optical fiber with today is the main transport medium in the backbone and metro network. Using of fiber optic cable instead of copper cable has allowed to significantly increasing the quality of service. The greatest potential for broadband networks today have a fiber-optic technology under the general term FTTX (Fiber To The X - fiber to the X point), in which from the node connection to a specified location (point X) comes optics, and then to the subscriber - copper cable (and possible option, in which optics routed directly to a subscriber unit). Fiber optic access networks currently based on different architectures and technologies. Standards for these technologies and available of equipment make development of service-provider networks without risks. The success of their work stimulate to the dynamic development of the industry. Nowadays the PON architecture became very popular. The main factors of the most configurations of Ethernet FTTH it is the flexibility of the business model and the ability to support future services.В настоящее время архитектуры на базе PON получили большое распространение. Основными факторами большинства конфигураций Ethernet FTTH является гибкость бизнес-модели и способность поддерживать будущие сервисы. В этой статье описываются различные архитектуры сетей доступа, рассматриваются протоколы доступа, а также анализируются характеристики оптических сетей FTTH (Fiber to the Home). Успешность их деятельности является стимулом к динамичному развитию этой отрасли

Epidemiological characteristics of socially significant infectious diseases as an indicator of the quality of life of the population

Background. Incidence and prevalence of socially significant infectious diseases are the most important indicators of the quality of life and sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population.The aim is to identify structural, quantitative and dynamic features of incidence and prevalence of socially significant infectious diseases among the population in the post-Soviet period (on the example of the Irkutsk region).Methods. The materials of the forms of federal statistical observation № 2, № 12, databases posted on the websites of the Federal State Statistics Service, the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System, the Center for Demographic Research of the Russian School of Economics were used in the study. An epidemiological analysis of morbidity indicators and a comparative assessment with the average Russian data have been carried out. Trend analysis was performed by linear regression analysis using the SPSS software (IBM Corp., USA).Results. The highest levels of tuberculosis prevalence in the Irkutsk region were noted in the period from 1999 to 2013 (352.1–436.9 0/0000). The incidence rate of syphilis increased by 1997 to the maximum value – 431.4 0/0000; in subsequent years, the incidence rate decreased, amounting to 28.8 0/0000 in 2019. Very high incidence rates of gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, chlamydia were noted in the region until the end of the 2000s. The dynamics of the prevalence of HIV infection since 1999 was characterized by a rapid increase in the indicator (in 2018 – 1995.0 0/0000), which made the region one of the most unfavorable in the country for this type of pathology. Thus, in the Irkutsk region since the second half of the 1990s until the late 2000s – early 2010s there was a pronounced increase in the incidence of socially significant infectious diseases to very high values, significantly exceeding the national average. In the subsequent period (2012–2019), there was a consistent decrease in the incidence rate.Conclusion. The quality of life of the population of Siberia in the post-Soviet period suffered to the greatest extent. This led to a rapid increase in the levels of morbidity with socially significant infectious diseases. A transition to the state model of the advanced development of human potential is required to reduce morbidity to an acceptable level