Identification of cement in atmospheric particulate matter using the hybrid method of laser diffraction analysis and Raman spectroscopy

Environmental science; Atmospheric science; Ecology; Environmental chemistry; Environmental pollution; Atmospheric particulate matter, Laser diffraction analysis, PM10, Raman spectroscop

PRIMORSKY CENTRE FOR LOCAL ELEMENTAL AND ISOTOPIC ANALYSES OF FEGI FEB RAS: EXPERIENCE OF THE FUNCTIONING AND MAIN AREAS OF RESEARCH

The Shared Research Facilities "Primorsky Centre for Local Elemental and Isotopic Analyses" was created based on the instrumental base of the Far Eastern Geological Institute of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The Shared Research Facilities conducts its own (for the needs of FEGI FEB RAS) fundamental and applied scientific research to establish the elemental, isotopic composition and structure of both natural and artificial objects, as well as jointly with other scientific Russian and foreign institutions and universities, industrial enterprises, state and private companies that require modern, precision methods for analyzing various substances and materials, diagnosing and monitoring the condition and changes in the environment

CHEMICAL STUDY OF SNOW OF VLADIVOSTOK CITY AND RUSSKY ISLAND

In the paper thefirst results of mass and spectrometer research of snow cover of the largest city in the Far East - Vladivostok (mainland and Island Russky), dropped-out on the November 19 2012, are presented. To exclude secondary pollution by anthropogenous aerosols we used the top layer (5-10 cm) of just dropped-out snow placed in the 3-liter sterile containers. In a couple of hours, when snow in containers thawed, 10 ml of liquid were gained from each sample and were analyzed on a mass spectrometer of high resolution with inductive-connected plasma (MS-ICP) Element XR (Thermo Scientific). Measurements were carried out with use of a technique of TsV3.18.05-2005 Fr.1.31.2005.01714. Tests were selected in 20 points: 16 points - Vladivostok, 3 points - Island Russky (DVFU campus, the bridge, the settlement) and a comparison point - the bay Hero in the southwest of Peter the Great Bay. For the first time application of the most highly sensitive chemical method for an applied ecological task is shown today. Distribution of Pb, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn in areas of Vladivostok different by anthropogenous loading and on Russian Island is revealed. In districts of Vladivostok with high transport loading high contents of metals (Mn, Cu, Zn) which source is motor transport (exhaustgases, autopaint, catalysts) are fixed also. Tests from districts of the Academic Town have traces of influence of the sea coast (halite and potassium-containing minerals) and railroad tracks (a microparticle of iron and its oxides) that strongly pollutes environment iron because of continuous movement of trains. In the tests taken on the Eagle hill, the highest point of Vladivostok, high concentrations of Mn (the highest concentration from all tests) and Cu (the third concentration from all tests) are recorded. This point of selection is in the downtown and, apparently, isn't ecologically clear. It should be noted that height above sea level in an urban environment isn't in sufficient condition for ecological safety. Russian Island is a pure zone with low background contents of heavy metals. The raised maintenance of Cu, Ni and Zn in snow cover of the bay Hero is shown

Morphological characterization of biominerals from five multicellular marine algae species

Silica biominerals are deposited as amorphous solid structures in plant cells and tissues, providing rigidity to different plant parts and assisting in defence. The shape and size of phytoliths are well established and serve as a useful tool in taxonomic analyses. For the first time we extracted and studied silica biominerals of five marine macroalgae, which we observed by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). More than nine different morphotypes of phytoliths ranging from ≥ 10 to ≥ 350 μm in size were found. Some of them were phytoliths made of silica while others showed characteristics of different minerals of calcium. In our study, the “honeycomb” formations were only recorded in Laurencia tropica Yamada and pyramid tabular ones were found only in Tichocarpus crinitus (S.G. Gmelin) Ruprecht. The XRD analysis showed that they consisted of virgilite and gypsum substance, respectively. Silica phytoliths are intrinsic parts of the algae and their morphological characterization can provide the basis for palaeo-reconstruction and taxonomic investigation of brown and red algae in palaeontological studies of fossils where all organic matter has decayed

ЦКП "ПРИМОРСКИЙ ЦЕНТР ЛОКАЛЬНОГО ЭЛЕМЕНТНОГО И ИЗОТОПНОГО АНАЛИЗА" ДВГИ ДВО РАН: ОПЫТ ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ И ОСНОВНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ

The Shared Research Facilities "Primorsky Centre for Local Elemental and Isotopic Analyses" was created based on the instrumental base of the Far Eastern Geological Institute of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The Shared Research Facilities conducts its own (for the needs of FEGI FEB RAS) fundamental and applied scientific research to establish the elemental, isotopic composition and structure of both natural and artificial objects, as well as jointly with other scientific Russian and foreign institutions and universities, industrial enterprises, state and private companies that require modern, precision methods for analyzing various substances and materials, diagnosing and monitoring the condition and changes in the environment.Центр коллективного пользования (ЦКП) «Приморский центр локального элементного и изотопного анализа» создан на основе приборной базы Дальневосточного геологического института ДВО РАН. ЦКП проводит собственные (для нужд ДВГИ ДВО РАН) фундаментальные и научно-прикладные исследования по установлению элементного, изотопного состава и структуры как природных, так и техногенных объектов, а также совместно с другими научными российскими и зарубежными учреждениями и вузами, промышленными предприятиями, государственными и частными компаниями, имеющими потребность в современных, прецизионных методах анализа различных веществ и материалов, диагностики и мониторинга состояния и изменения окружающей среды.