AN ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF WETLAND MITIGATION IN NORTHWEST MINNESOTA

The economic efficiency of wetland mitigation in Minnesota's Red River Valley was examined using the Minnesota Routine Assessment Method on ten wetland case studies to rate the functions of impacted and replacement wetlands. Secondary sources were used to assign dollar values to wetland functions of impacted and replacement wetlands. Mitigation costs for projects ranged from $279 to$4,171 per acre. Estimated annual social values ranged from $207 to$1,027 per acre for impacted wetlands and from $268 to$927 per acre for replacement wetlands. Social values of replacement wetlands exceeded the social value of impacted wetlands in seven cases. Values of replacement wetlands were 1.8 to 4 times greater than the values of impacted wetlands due to 2-to-1 replacement ratios. When society gains benefits from mitigation, public cost-sharing may be appropriate. In one case the value of the impacted wetlands was higher than the value of the replacement wetland. There were insufficient data to evaluate two cases. Results are only indicators of efficiency, since not all social costs and benefits of the impact-mitigation activity are addressed by legislation. These results suggest wetland mitigation policy in Minnesota needs to be reevaluated if efficient use of society's resources is a legislative goal.Wetland(s), mitigation, economics, values, Minnesota, Red River, Wetland Conservation Act, Minnesota Routine Assessment Method, restoration, Land Economics/Use,

KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH DESA SUAK LABU KECAMATAN KUALA BETARA KABUPATEN TANJUNG JABUNG BARAT PROVINSI JAMBI DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN MASYARAKAT PETANI PINANG 2018

Desa Suak Labu merupakan salah satu desa yang terletak di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat Provinsi Jambi dengan luas wilayah 5.597 Ha. Dengan luas wilayah tersebut, Desa Suak Labu memiliki perkebunan pinang kurang lebih seluas 850 Ha. Pinang merupakan pendapatan utama desa tersebut, namun pemerintah desa kurang perhatian terhadap petani pinang, padahal salah satu penunjang untuk meningkatkan pendapatan pemerintah desa. Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan Kebijakan Pemerintah Desa Suak Labu Kecamatan Kuala Betara Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat Provinsi Jambi Dalam Meningkatkan Pendapatan Masyarakat Petani Pinang, serta mengetahui kendala, dan upaya apa yang di lakukan Pemerintah Desa Suak Labu dalam meningkatkan pendapatan masyrakat petani pinang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, dengan tekhnik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan studi dokumentasi. Penentuan informasi diperoleh dengan tekhnik purposive sampling. Yakni Kepala Desa Suak Labu, Seketaris Desa Suak Labu, Kaur Pembangunan, Kaur Pemerintahan, Kepala Dusun Dan Masyrakat. Sedangkan tekhnik analisis data yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa pemerintah sangat berperan dalam meningkatkan pendapatan masyrakat petani pinang, walaupun terdapat kendala-kendala baik itu dari masyrakat, maupun dari sarana prasarana. Pemerintah dapat mengupayakan program-program yang telah disusun dan dapat menjadikan kehidupan masyrakat Desa Suak Labu lebih baik perekonomiannya kedepan

ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN TANJUNG JABUNG TIMUR TENTANG PEMBANGUNAN TEMPAT PELELANGAN IKAN (TPI) STUDI DI DESA MAJELIS HIDAYAH

Skripsi ini berjudul analisis kebijakan pemerintah Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur tentang Pembangunan Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI) di Desa Majelis Hidayah. Sebagai tujuan antaranya untuk mengetahui kebijakan pemerintah Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur tentang pembangunan tempat pelelangan ikan di Desa Majelis Hidayah, faktor penghambat dan upaya pemerintah agar penggunaan tempat pelelangan ikan di Desa Majelis Hidayah sesuai dengan tujuan. Skripsi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan diperoleh hasil dan kesimpulan sebagai berikut: (1) aspek-aspek kebijakan pemerintah Kab Tanjabtim yang turut menyebabkan tidak berfungsinya pelelangan ikan di Desa Majelis Hidayah diantaranya; perencanaan pembangunan TPI Desa Majelis Hidayah, pengorganisasian TPI Desa Majelis Hidayah, pelaksanaan pembangunan TPI Desa Majelis Hidayah dan terus melakukan pengawasan pembangunan TPI Desa Majelis Hidayah (2) Terdapat dua faktor penghambat dalam penggunaan tempat pelelangan ikan di Desa Majelis Hidayah, minimnya keterlibatan masyarakat dalam pembangunan TPI di Desa Majelis Hidayah dan rendahnya pengawasan kebijakan pembangunan TPI Desa Majelis Hidayah. (3) Terdapat dua upaya pemerintah agar penggunaan tempat pelelangan ikan di Desa Majelis Hidayah Sesuai Dengan Tujuan, diantaranya, melibatkan masyarakat dalam pembangunan TPI Desa Majelis Hidayah, an pengawasan disiplin kinerja pembangunan Desa Majelis Hidayah

Minimally interrupted novel oral anticoagulant versus uninterrupted vitamin K antagonist during atrial fibrillation ablation

The safety and efficacy of a minimally interrupted novel oral anticoagulant (NOAC) strategy at the time of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation is uncertain. The purpose of this study was to compare rates of bleeding and thromboembolic events between minimally interrupted NOAC and uninterrupted vitamin K antagonist (VKA) in patients undergoing AF ablation.This was a retrospective single-center cohort study of consecutive patients who underwent AF catheter ablation between January 2013 and April 2017. Endpoints included major bleeding, clinically relevant non-major bleeding and systemic thromboembolic event from the time of ablation through 30 days. Bleeding events were defined by the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) and International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH).A total of 637 patients were included in the analysis, 520 patients used uninterrupted VKA and 117 patients minimally interrupted NOAC (dabigatran: n = 68; apixaban: n = 30; rivaroxaban, n = 14; edoxaban, n = 5). The rate of clinically relevant non-major bleeding was lower in the NOAC group in comparison to the VKA group (BARC type 2: 2.6% versus 8.3%, P = 0.03; ISTH: 0% versus 3.8%, P = 0.03). Rates of major bleeding were similar between groups (BARC type 3 to 5: 3.4% versus 4.2%, P = NS; ISTH: 6.0% versus 8.7%, P = NS; for NOAC and VKA groups, respectively). Rates of systemic embolism were 0% with minimally interrupted NOAC, and 0.6% with uninterrupted VKA (P = NS).In patients undergoing AF ablation, anticoagulation with minimally interrupted NOAC was associated with fewer clinically relevant non-major bleeding events in comparison with uninterrupted VKA without compromising thromboembolic safety

Deception in context: coding nonverbal cues, situational variables and risk of detection

There are many situations in which deception may arise and understanding the behaviors associated with it are compounded by various contexts in which it may occur. This paper sets out a coding protocol for identifying cues to deception and reports on three studies, in which deception was studied in different contexts. The contexts involved manipulating risks (i.e., probability) of being detected and reconnaissance, both of which are related to terrorist activities. Two of the studies examined the impact of changing the risks of deception detection, whilst the third investigated increased cognitive demand of duplex deception tasks including reconnaissance and deception. In all three studies, cues to deception were analyzed in relation to observable body movements and subjective impressions given by participants. In general, the results indicate a pattern of hand movement reduction by deceivers, and suggest the notion that raising the risk of detection influences deceivers? behaviors. Participants in the higher risk condition displayed increased negative affect (found in deceivers) and tension (found in both deceivers and truth-tellers) than those in lower risk conditions

Ventricular tachycardia in ischemic cardiomyopathy; a combined endo-epicardial ablation as the first procedure versus a stepwise approach (EPILOGUE) - study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: The role of epicardial substrate ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) as a first-line approach in patients with ischemic heart disease is not clearly defined. Epicardial ablation as a first-line option is standard for patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Several nonrandomized studies, including studies on patients with ischemic heart disease, have shown that epicardial VT ablation improves outcome but this approach was often used after a failed endocardial approach. The aim of this study is to determine whether a combined endo-epicardial scar homogenization as a first-line approach will improve the outcome of VT ablation. Methods/Design: The EPILOGUE study is a multicenter, two-armed, nonblinded, randomized controlled trial. Patients with ischemic heart disease who are referred for VT ablation will be randomly assigned to combined endo-epicardial scar homogenization or endocardial scar homogenization only (control group). The primary outcome is recurrence of sustained VT during a 2-year follow-up. Secondary outcomes include procedural success and safety. Discussion: This study is the first randomized trial that evaluates the role of a combined endo-epicardial scar homogenization versus endocardial scar homogenization for the treatment of ischemic scar-related VT. Trial registration:NL4816807814v0

Contact feedback improves 1-year outcomes of remote magnetic navigation-guided ischemic ventricular tachycardia ablation

Introduction: Remote magnetic navigation (RMN)-guided catheter ablation (CA) is a feasible treatment option for patients presenting with ischemic ventricular tachycardia (VT). Catheter-tissue contact feedback, enhances lesion formation and may consequently improve CA outcomes. Until recently, contact feedback was unavailable for RMN-guided CA. The novel e-Contact Module (ECM) was developed to continuously monitor and ensure catheter-tissue contact during RMN-guided CA. Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the effect of ECM implementation on acute and long-term outcomes in RMN-guided ischemic VT ablation. Method: This retrospective, two-center study included consecutive ischemic VT patients undergoing RMN-guided CA from 2010 to 2017. Baseline clinical data, procedural data, including radiation times, and acute success rates were compared between CA procedures performed with ECM (ECM+) and without ECM (ECM−). One-year VT-free survival was analyzed using Cox-proportional hazards models, adjusting for potential confounders: age, left ventricular function, VT inducibility at baseli

Left-sided phrenic nerve injury during redo pulmonary vein isolation long after a previous contralateral self-limiting phrenic nerve palsy

We present a unique case of a left-sided phrenic nerve injury (PNI) long after a previous contralateral PNI following pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) procedures. Firstly, right-sided PNI after cryoballoon ablation, and secondly a left-sided PNI was observed following a redo PVI extended with box-lesion and left atrial appendage isolation (LAAI)