Avaliação da distribuição diamétrica das espécies dominates de uma área explorada há 30 anos da Floresta Nacional do Tapajós.

O manejo florestal é realizado com o intuito de minimizar as alterações na dinâmica e estrutura de uma floresta quando submetida à exploração florestal. As avaliações dos parâmetros fitossociológicos auxiliam para o monitoramento do crescimento da floresta e nas tomadas de decisão para o manejo. Uma área de 65 ha da Flona Tapajós, explorada sob manejo em 1979 vem sendo monitorada a fim de que se tenham subsídios à realização de uma nova colheita. Neste trabalho foi observada a distribuição diamétrica das espécies dominantes para assim conhecer o estoque e o estado real da floresta explorada após 30 anos da primeira colheita. A distribuição diamétrica mostra que as maiorias das espécies avaliadas seguem um padrão de ?J-invertido‟. As 15 espécies dominantes representaram 44,4% do IVC dessa floresta. Da mesma forma, também se verificou que três espécies; Bixa arborea Huber, Rinorea guianensis Aubl e Carapa guianensis Aubl acumularam um quinto do IVC da floresta. Dentre o grupo das 15 espécies dominantes observou-se que um quarto das espécies praticamente não atinge diâmetros maiores de 45 cm. Portanto, a estrutura florestal da área explorada há 30 anos apresentou grandes alterações fitossociológicas, o que vem a identificar a necessidade do manejo diferencial para essa área florestal, sugerindo a inclusão na colheita as espécies com diâmetros menores de 50 cm, visto essas apresentarem praticamente um terço da dominância florestal e da mesma forma tratam-se de espécies praticamente novas no mercado, necessitam assim estudos de tecnologia de uso.PIBIC-2011

Bioelectrical impedance analysis of body composition for the anesthetic induction dose of propofol in older patients

BACKGROUND: Older people are currently the fastest growing segment of the worldwide population. The present study aimed to estimate propofol dose in older patients based on size descriptors measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). METHODS: A cross sectional study in adult and older patients with body mass index equal to or lower than 35 kg/m2 was carried out. BIA and Clinical Frail Scale scoring were performed during pre-operative evaluation. Propofol infusion was started at 2000 mg/h until loss of consciousness (LOC) which was defined by "loss of eye-lash reflex" and "loss of response to name calling". Total dose of propofol at LOC was recorded. Propofol plasma concentration was measured using gas chromatography/ion trap-mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Forty patients were enrolled in the study. Total propofol dose required to LOC was lower in Age ≥ 65 group and a higher plasma propofol concentration was measured in this group. 60% of old patients were classified as "apparently vulnerable" or "frail" and narrow phase angle values were associated with increasing vulnerability scores. In the Age ≥ 65 group, the correlation analysis showed that the relationship between propofol dose and total body weight (TBW) scaled by the corresponding phase angle value is stronger than the correlation between propofol dose and TBW or fat free mass (FFM). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that weight-based reduction of propofol is suitable in older patients; however FFM was not seen to be more effective than TBW to predict the propofol induction dose in these patients. Guiding propofol induction dose according to baseline frailty score should also be considered to estimate individualized dosage profiles. Determination of phase angle value appears to be an easy and reliable tool to assess frailty in older patients.Financial support from the “Fundo para a Investigação e Desenvolvimento do Centro Hospitalar do Porto” is gratefully acknowledge. The medical technology and services company Medtronic™ provided BIS brain monitoring sensors. Fresenius Medical Care Portugal™ made available BCM monitor during the study period. None of the funding sources participated in the design of the study, collection, analysis and interpretation of data, or in writing of the manuscript.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Avaliação do crescimento de espécies florestais por grupo ecológico em áreas exploradas na Flona do Tapajós.

III ENAAg

Aspectos gerais de um projeto de educação ambiental com assentados da reforma agrária.

Neste trabalho, são apresentados aspectos gerais do projeto "Manejo da paisagem agrícola em comunidades rurais de Manaus-AM" desenvolvido pela Embrapa e IFAM com assentados da reforma agrária, incluindo a metodologia usada no processo de seleção, assim como a metodologia do projeto e as demais características que contribuíram para a seleção do mesmo como uma das 25 melhores experiências em Educação Ambiental (EA) no Brasil, em 2012.Anais do SEMINÁRIO DE AGROECOLOGIA DA AMÉRICA DO SUL, 1; SEMINÁRIO DE AGROECOLOGIA DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL, 5.; ENCONTRO DE PRODUTORES AGROECOLOGICOS DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL, 4.; SEMINÁRIO DE SISTEMAS AGROFLORESTAIS EM BASES AGROECOLOGICA DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL, 1., 2014, Dourados

Conflitos na Área de Preservação Ambiental Tarumã-Açu/Tarumã-Mirim: proteger para quem?.

Conflitos em Áreas de Proteção Ambiental (APAs) revelam a falta de elo entre os mecanismos de gestão ambiental, as comunidades envolvidas e as políticas governamentais. Neste trabalho, são apresentadas as contradições entre os objetivos da criação de uma APA e as atividades, de alto impacto ambiental negativo, realizadas pelas comunidades na APA Tarumã-Açu/Tarumã-Mirim. Compatibilizar o uso sustentável dos recursos naturais com a presença humana exige esforços conjuntos. O não envolvimento da população que vive na área pode acarretar problemas ambientais irreversíveis. Palavras-chave: Conflitos, Área de Proteção Ambiental, Comunidades Rurais.Resumo 10596

Metodologia para o monitoramento da pesca de iscas vivas no Pantanal.

bitstream/CPAP-2009-09/56793/1/CT78.pd

Comparing the effects of glazing and chitosan-based coating applied on frozen salmon on its organoleptic and physicochemical characteristics over six-months storage

The perishable nature of fish, with an increase in fish consumption in recent years, led to the improvement of fish preservation techniques. Chitosan coatings adds to the traditional water glazing. The effect of a chitosan solution of 1.5% on the sensory properties of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) was studied over six months of storage. The sensory properties of the salmon were assessed through the use of a texturometer and a trained panel of judges. Microbiological parameters were studied in the form of Total Volatile Base Nitrogen (TVB-N) and Total Viable Count (TVC) tests. Microbiological analysis showed that chitosan had an anti-microbiological effect on the salmon samples, reducing the number of microorganisms present, while TVB-N values were maitained stable during experiment. Textural Profile Analysis (TPA) was performed and the results showed no significant differences between different coatings regarding texture. Sensory analysis by a trained panel showed that chitosan was a better choice in frozen samples, while in thawed and cooked samples no significant differences existed between chitosan-coated and glazed samples. Flavor diffusion from the chitosan coating was assessed, and analysis of the results showed no correlation between coating type and sample flavor, indicating that no flavor diffusion had occurred.The contribution of VANIBRU, Lda. regarding the PhD scholarship of Nuno Soares and the use of industrial facilities are gratefully acknowledged

Solvent extraction aplied to the recovery of heavy metals from galvanic sludges

In this study, a hydrometallurgical treatment involving the solvent extraction and recovery of some heavy metals from a sulphuric acid leach solution of galvanic sludge, using di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) and bis-(2,4,4- trimethylpentyl)-phosphinic acid (Cyanex 272), both diluted in kerosene, has been investigated. The preliminary tests revealed the necessity to remove other metal species than zinc and nickel, contained in the leach solution, and therefore, processes to cement copper and precipitate chromium were then applied to finally obtain a Zn and Ni pregnant solution prior to solvent extraction. For the experimental conditions studied, Cyanex 272 showed a good recovery of Zn after the stripping stage using H2SO4, but D2EHPA effectively promoted a higher Zn extraction than Cyanex 272 did. The dependence of the solvent extraction method on variables such as pH, contact time and concentration of extractant, as well as the effect of different concentrations of sulphuric acid on stripping, are discussed. The discussion also includes the previous conditions developed to separate the main interfering metallic species from the leach solution in order to improve the extraction and recovery of zinc by solvent extraction. The final objective has been to achieve a solution as pure as possible to recover nickel sulphate.Estudou-se o desenvolvimento de um processo metalúrgico para a extracção de metais a partir de lamas galvânicas, passando por fases e extracção com solventes orgânico

Leaching behaviour of a galvanic sludge in sulphuric acid and ammoniacal media

Leaching studies of a sludge produced by the physico-chemical treatment of astewaters generated by a Ni/Cr plating plant were carried out in both sulphuric acid and ammoniacal media aiming to decide which of them would be the best treatment for this kind of waste material. The dissolution behaviour of some metals (Cu, Ni, Cr and Zn) was studied in order to assure the best metal recovery conditions in subsequent processes by the use of some separation methods such as solvent extraction and precipitation techniques. Therefore, the study here presented deals with the first chemical stage of an integrated treatment process. For the sulphuric acid leaching, maximal conversions obtained were 88.6% Cu, 98.0% Ni and 99.2% Zn for the following experimental conditions: a 100 g L−1 acid concentration, a 5:1 liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S), a particle size less than 1 mm, a digestion time of 1 h, a stirring speed of 700 rpm (all at room temperature and under atmospheric pressure). As expected, no selectivity was achieved for the sulphuric acid leaching, despite this option yielding much higher metal ion dissolution when compared with that reached by ammoniacal leaching. The use of this latter medium allowed the extraction of Cu and Ni without Cr species, but rates of conversion were only about 70% for Cu and 50% for Ni, much lower than those obtained for sulphuric acid leaching