17,406 research outputs found
Quasi-local charges and asymptotic symmetry generators
The quasi-local formulation of conserved charges through the off-shell
approach is extended to cover the asymptotic symmetry generators. By
introducing identically conserved currents which are appropriate for asymptotic
Killing vectors, we show that the asymptotic symmetry generators can be
understood as quasi-local charges. We also show that this construction is
completely consistent with the on-shell method.Comment: 19 pages; v2 typos fixe
The Language Maintenance of Mother Tongue in Tourism Area, Ubud
This study entitled "The Language Maintenance of Mother Tongue in Tourism Area, Ubud". The background of this study is departed from having seen the phenomenon of a rapid tourism development in Ubud. The arrival of tourists, both domestics and foreigners, would have an impact on the interaction be-tween tourists and local communities. The interaction is not merely the culture, but also in terms of commu-nication of how the language is being used. The use of language in daily communication is definitely become an interesting aspect to be discussed because Ubud is known as a multicultural region; some people may think that Ubud is a bule village similar to Kuta.
The objective of this study is to determine whether mother tongue is still being used in Ubud, Gian-yar or had it replaced by the foreign language. In addition, this research conducted to find out the strategies used by the people of Ubud to maintain the sustainability of mother-tongue language in the region.
The method used for this research is a field research. The research conducted by a non-participatory observation; researchers act to make observations and not directly involved in the interaction at the time of the study. Research techniques that used are documentations, records and depth interviews. The results ana-lyzed by approach which was proposed by Fasold (1972). It is also supported by Fishman's approach; both concern with language maintenance. The interview results are expected to answer strategies used by speakers of the local community in preserving the language. The presentation of the data described in qualitative de-scriptive method.
Keywords: Language Maintenance, mother tongue, Tourism area, Ubu
Thermodynamic Volume and the Extended Smarr Relation
We continue to explore the scaling transformation in the reduced action
formalism of gravity models. As an extension of our construction, we consider
the extended forms of the Smarr relation for various black holes, adopting the
cosmological constant as the bulk pressure as in some literatures on black
holes. Firstly, by using the quasi-local formalism for charges, we show that,
in a general theory of gravity, the volume in the black hole thermodynamics
could be defined as the thermodynamic conjugate variable to the bulk pressure
in such a way that the first law can be extended consistently. This, so called,
thermodynamic volume can be expressed explicitly in terms of the metric and
field variables. Then, by using the scaling transformation allowed in the
reduced action formulation, we obtain the extended Smarr relation involving the
bulk pressure and the thermodynamic volume. In our approach, we do not resort
to Euler's homogeneous scaling of charges while incorporating the would-be
hairy contribution without any difficulty.Comment: 1+21 pages, plain LaTeX; v2 typo fixed and references adde
Chiral rings and GSO projection in Orbifolds
The GSO projection in the twisted sector of orbifold background is sometimes
subtle and incompatible descriptions are found in literatures. Here, from the
equivalence of partition functions in NSR and GS formalisms, we give a simple
rule of GSO projection for the chiral rings of string theory in \C^r/\Z_n,
. Necessary constructions of chiral rings are given by explicit mode
analysis.Comment: 24 page
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