DNS of a radiatively driven cloud-top mixing layer as a model for stratocumulus clouds

The marine planetary boundary layer topped by stratocumulus clouds (STBL) is key for the planetary radiation balance. In its simplest configuration the STBL consists of a lower moist boundary layer which is topped by a dry and warm free atmosphere. The top of the STBL is populated by stratocumulus clouds that emit long wave radiation, cooling the moist boundary layer. Radiative cooling is thought to be the main source of turbulent energy for the STBL