Load-shedding techniques for microgrids: A comprehensive review

Abstract: The increasing interest in integrating renewable energies source has raised concerns about control operations. The presence of new energy sources, distributed storage, power electronic devices and communication links make a power system’s control and monitoring more complex and adaptive than ever before. Recently, the use of agent-based distributed control has seen to have a significant impact on the grid and microgrid controls. The load-shedding technique is among the features used to balance the power consumption in the power system upon less power production. Towards achieving these, different mechanisms, algorithms, challenges, and approaches have been developed and hence need to be reviewed and integrated from the system solution perspective. This research focuses on the review of the state-of-the-art load-shedding techniques, whereby the focus is on control algorithms, simulation platforms and integrations, and control devices for DC microgrid. The research also investigates open issues and challenges that need further investigations. The analyses reported in the paper upholds the importance of the distributed multi-agent system, MAS, in implementing distinct control operations including load-shedding. The effectiveness of the control operations using MAS rely on low-latency and secure communication links in which IoT has been branded as a promising technology for implementing distributed MAS.</p

Granulomatous rosacea: a case report

Abstract Background Granulomatous rosacea is a rare chronic inflammatory skin disease with an unknown origin. The role of Demodex follicularum in its pathogenesis is currently proved. Case presentation We report a case of a 54-year-old Moroccan man with a 3-month history of erythematous, nonpruritic papules on the lateral side around the eyes. Dermoscopy and histology confirmed the diagnosis of granulomatous rosacea. Conclusions We describe another clinical presentation of granulomatous rosacea with a clinical-dermoscopic-pathological correlation

Dermoscopy of Pigmented Actinic Keratosis of the Face: A Study of 232 Cases

The diagnosis of pigmented actinic keratosis (PAK) is often challenging because of overlapping features with lentigo maligna

INTED2018 Proceedings

In the knowledge-based society, the legacy education system does not provide the needed skills for creative engineers. Triple-helix model is a concept that aims to bond universities, industry and government in a bid to create innovations. In Europe, integrating research, education, and innovation together in a comprehensive manner has been the major driving force for local and European university development. The European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT) , Open Labs and Makerspace are few examples to mention. However, many of the experiences gained on those facilities, are not directly useable and hardly adaptable in a global content and especially in strategic co-operation with universities in fast developing countries. For this purpose, KTH has systematically and broadly developed a new and more comprehensive strategy for co-operation with our strategic partner universities. The new approach consists of three fundamental concepts forming the pillars for activities and actions:• Strong commitment and support for Open Science and related transparency and global co-operation. KTH has been one of the first institutional signers of the recent Dakar Declaration on that. This has facilitated and empowered the recently developed Open Science Platform with the focus on integrating the knowledge triangle and providing Science Gateways.• Introducing a new approach for societal stakeholder integration through the Challenge Driven Education model and Technology Transfer Alliance supporting a comprehensive multi-partner interaction.• Physical co-locating the activities to university initiated co-creation, co-design, and co-drafting centers forming the local Open Labs and Maker Space meeting places and critical infrastructure resources for integrating problem owners to various solution provides especially from academia. With these pillars we have already seen new innovation capacity generated, new excitement and renewal of the academic environments, and above creating broad social and societal impact especially for problems which require multidisciplinary approach for solutions and business creation. From KTH we do this for our own future development and for creating our capacity to think the local problems from the “out-of-the-box” manner.In order to overcome from the new challenges for the Higher Education area at KTH , we have activities which alien the learning any teaching activities with different task group:• Cross-Cultural Faculty Development for Challenge Driven Education • Global learning and digital platform • Open innovation Platform for learning By developing the above factors to the teaching and learning practices, we have developed new curriculums (MSc. and PhD) for our partners to spark innovation and entrepreneurship. The curriculums use TLA model where students interact with Open Lab activities. Our assessments show that the enrolled students have gained creative skills in dealing with engineering problem and consolidate their knowledge to improve the future TLA (Teaching and Learning Activities) </p

EDULEARN17 Proceedings: 9th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies

The need for solid engineering and for engineers that can engineer hasn´t changed in the past 100 years. What has, however, become more and more evident is that todays, and more so tomorrow´s engineers need to be equipped with skills that make them efficient and productive in a the complex environment of todays societal challenges. Challenge-driven education (CDE) is aimed for students as well as for individuals who are focusing on, among other things, to their problem solving and team collaboration skills. These skills are widely perceived as crucial for solving the complex and wicked engineering challenges that the industry and societies face. In the very core of CDE is the aim of going through the learning cycles while at the same time serving the global society. CDE aims to put the best and the brightest to work on the problems most in need of solution1. This makes the CDE model also both lucrative and challenging for the educator. The traditional curricula of universities do not support the CDE model throughout the degree structure. Challenge driven courses with early phase project courses are seen to support the students learning by confronting them with different knowledge gaps, mental models and conceptual understanding from the very beginning. In authentic projects the students cannot refer to the equations they have just learned in their mathematics or physics class. The uncertainty and ambiguity that arises in the real-life project work is an identification process between the interface of knowledge and the need for more knowledge. The ability to improve competence is strengthened by the fact that students are working in an authentic, open-ended and real-life situation where they need to observe, identify, design and solve problems.In CDE:• Problems are defined by the external stakeholders addressing real life problems and challenges with open ended formulation. The students need to develop a working relation to the problem owner towards co-creation and co-innovation and integrating pieces of knowledge and experience beyond what they have learned in their basic courses. Thus the students will develop skills to handle the ambiguity to co-create and co-crafting to provide solutions to the challenges.• Problems may have a multidisciplinary character resulting the need to co-locate students to environments where expertise and experiences in other disciplines can be met. So basically the theoretical knowledge and conceptual framework is moved to the more practical engineering context with hands-on work on designs and crafting the solutions.• The students will be exposed to peer learning in addition of team work skills and project management issues through interaction with other students with different discipline background. This is fostered by the target to large project teams requiring self-organization and discipline among students.This paper presents the work-in-progress findings from a collaborative “train-the-trainer” –workshop in the context of IoT, held in Dar es Salaam, as part of Sci-GaiA project. The participants were asked to give feedback about CDE and how they perceive it. The paper starts with introducing the CDE and defining the context of IoT in learning. Next the analysis methods and the data is presented. Then the results are discussed together with the need for futures studies on the subject.</p

EDULEARN17 Proceedings

Due to changes in the market positions of old companies caused by innovation in technologies, services, business concepts and global challenges faced by nations in terms of climate and safety, academic systems in Europe have started to look into new pedagogical models and strategic partnerships. The new systems that connect research, education and innovation can offer unique opportunities to explore different solutions that were not possible before. In this paper, we present concrete experiences and directions for creating innovative learning environments with stronger impact and excitement to all stakeholder involved. We describe a new approach that relies on three fundamental concepts: strong commitment and support of open science, challenge driven education model and physical co-location of partners. We give examples of applications of this approach and discuss various aspects that are involved.</p

A demand-response scheme using multi- agent system for smart DC microgrid

This article describes a framework for load shedding techniques using dynamic pricing and multiagent system. The islanded microgrid uses solar panels and battery energy management system as a source of energy to serve remote communities who have no access to the grid with a randomized type of power in terms of individual load. The generated framework includes modeling of solar panels, battery storage and loads to optimize the energy usage and reduce the electricity bills. In this work, the loads are classified as critical and non-critical. The agents are designed in a decentralized manner, which includes solar agent, storage agent and load agent. The load shedding experiment of the framework is mapped with the manual operation done at Kisiju village, Pwani, Tanzania. Experiment results show that the use of pricing factor as a demand response makes the microgrid sustainable as it manages to control and monitor its supply and demand, hence, the load being capable of shedding its own appliances when the power supplied is not enough.Swedish governmen