Squamous cell carcinoma (Marjolin's ulcer) in an orocutaneous fistula of a large mandibular ameloblastoma: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Ameloblastomas are rare lesions constituting 1% of all jaw tumors. Oral squamous cell carcinomas are common lesions; these constitute about 90% of all oral cancers. Concurrent tumors consisting of ameloblastoma and squamous cell carcinoma are extremely rare.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>This case report describes a 35-year-old African man who presented with a large mandibular tumor with an orocutaneous fistula that was found to be an ameloblastoma on histopathological examination, with concurrent squamous cell carcinoma histology within the fistula. This presentation was consistent with a Marjolin's ulcer within an ameloblastoma.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Ameloblastomas and Marjolin's ulcers require different management strategies. Careful histopathological examination of surgical specimens is key to patient outcome, as treatment of these patients depends on an accurate diagnosis.</p

Unicystic ameloblastoma of the mandible - an unusual case report and review of literature

Ameloblastoma is a true neoplasm of odontogenic epithelial origin. It is the second most common odontogenic neoplasm, and only odontoma outnumbers it in reported frequency of occurrence. Its incidence, combined with its clinical behavior, makes ameloblastoma the most significant odontogenic neoplasm. Unicystic ameloblastoma (UA) refers to those cystic lesions that show clinical, radiographic, or gross features of a mandibular cyst, but on histologic examination show a typical ameloblastomatous epithelium lining part of the cyst cavity, with or without luminal and/or mural tumor growth. It accounts for 5-15% of all intraosseous ameloblastomas. We report a case of unicystic ameloblastoma in a 30-year-old female, and review the literature

Expression of circulating miR-101 and miR-744 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and their performance as diagnostic biomarkers

Our previous study showed that miR-101 and miR-744 were deregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tissues as compared to control tissues with certain diagnostic performance. Thus, we would like to observe the expression of both miRNAs in plasma of NPC patients as compared to control subjects and analyse their diagnostic performance. Plasma were collected from 33 NPC patients and 33 control subjects and subjected to total RNA extraction. Reverse transcription, pre-amplification and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were performed on the total RNA extract using Taqman microRNA Assays. Fold-change of the miRNAs were calculated using 2-ΔΔCq formula and statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 20 software. The qPCR results showed that miR-101 and miR-744 (p>0.05) were up-regulated in NPC as compared to control plasma. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that area under curve (AUC) for miR-101, miR-744 and combination of miR-101 and miR744 were 0.374, 0.410 and 0.437, respectively, in discriminating NPC patients from control subjects, but they have AUC of 0.647, 0.69 and 0.599, respectively, in discriminating early from late stage NPC. The up-regulation of miR-101 and miR-744 have been reported in previous studies indicating the consistency of our findings. Although we found that they have poor diagnostic values in plasma for discriminating NPC patients from control subjects, they have better diagnostic values in discriminating early from late stage NPC. Therefore, we have successfully reported the up- regulation of miR-101 and miR-744 in plasma of NPC with respective diagnostic performance

The incidence of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Pahang state of Malaysia from 2012 to 2017

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the fifth most common cancer among Malaysians. While several studies have reported the trend of NPC in other states in Malaysia, no studies have reported the trend of NPC in Pahang state. This study was designed to report the number and distribution of newly diagnosed NPC cases in Pahang. Methods: NPC cases that were diagnosed between 2012 and 2017 in two referral hospitals in Pahang were traced. The crude incidence rate (CR) and age-standardised rate (ASR) were calculated to investigate the NPC incidence. Results: There were 143 new cases of NPC reported from the two hospitals. The mean age at diagnosis was 52.0 ± 13.7 years old. The majority of cases involved males (74.1%) with a male to female ratio of 2.9:1. Chinese males were found to have the highest incidence with a mean ASR of 4.7 per 100,000 population. Overall, the mean ASR for Pahang was 2.4 per 100,000 population for males and 0.9 per 100,000 population for females. Conclusion: The total number of NPC cases reveals an increasing trend from 2012 to 2014 and then a slightly decreasing trend from 2015 to 2017. The incidence of NPC in Pahang was intermediate in males and low in females

Identification of risk factors associated with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) in the Pahang state of Malaysia hospitals

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the fifth most common cancer reported in Malaysia. Although several studies on NPC have been carried out, the risk factors associated with NPC in Malaysia are unknown. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the risk factors associated with NPC cases in Pahang state. Methods: NPC cases that were diagnosed between 2012 and 2017 were recruited from two referral hospitals in Pahang. An interview was conducted using adapted questionnaires, which included demographic data, family history of cancer, and lifestyle. The data were analyzed statistically to identify the associations between the selected variables and NPC. Results: A total of 71 NPC cases and 81 control subjects were recruited from the hospitals. Multivariate analysis showed that a family history of NPC and current smoking were significantly associated with the risk of NPC (p < 0.05). Further analysis revealed a significant association between the risk of NPC in smokers with no family history of NPC (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study suggests that family history and smoking are factors associated with the development of NPC in Pahang, which was consistent with previous studies

Epidemiology of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) in Pahang, Malaysia

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is among the most frequently reported cancer in Malaysia. The most recent National Cancer Registry (NCR), stated that NPC was the fourth most common cancer among Malaysian and third most common cancer among Malaysian men. While there have been several studies on NPC previously carried out in a few states in Malaysia, a comprehensive study in Pahang had never been reported. The current epidemiological study is designed to feature the number of cases and distribution of NPC in Pahang, as well as risk factors of the development of the disease. This study involved two major referral centers in Pahang, namely Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan (HTAA) in Kuantan and Hospital Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah (HOSHAS) in Temerloh. A total of 87 confirmed NPC cases were reported from the two hospital between 2012 and 2015. The ages at diagnosis of patients ranged from 14 to 82 years with mean age was 49.4 years (SD ±14.3). Majority of them were male (77%) with ratio male to female was 3.3:1. Regarding ethnicity, Malay predominates with 56%, followed by Chinese 35% and others 9%. The total number of diagnosed cases increased from 2012 to 2014 and declined slightly in 2015. The age-standardised rate (ASR) were calculated every year and showed an increasing trend among male from 1.6 per 100,000 in 2012 to 3.3 per 100,000 in 2015. Generally, the highest age-specific incidence rate was at the 50-54 age groups. Ongoing analysis on available data is currently being carried out to unravel the lifestyle risk factor in this population of NPC patients. This study will hopefully provide the first ever four-year comprehensive data on the epidemiology of NPC in the state of Pahang, Malaysia