745 research outputs found
Relationships between Time Management, Control, Work–family Conflict, and Strain
This article incorporates recent research regarding time management into a model of work–family conflict. The authors hypothesized that 3 types of time management behavior would have both direct and indirect (through perceived control of time) relationships, with work interfering with family and family interfering with work. It was also hypothesized that both of these types of work-family conflict would be related to the strain outcomes of job dissatisfaction and health complaints. This model was tested with a sample of 522 workers. In general, the hypothesized relationships were supported
Optimized quantum random-walk search algorithms
Shenvi, Kempe and Whaley's quantum random-walk search (SKW) algorithm [Phys.
Rev. A 67, 052307 (2003)] is known to require number of oracle
queries to find the marked element, where is the size of the search space.
The overall time complexity of the SKW algorithm differs from the best
achievable on a quantum computer only by a constant factor. We present
improvements to the SKW algorithm which yield significant increase in success
probability, and an improvement on query complexity such that the theoretical
limit of a search algorithm succeeding with probability close to one is
reached. We point out which improvement can be applied if there is more than
one marked element to find.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures. Major revision according to referee repor
Analysis and minimization of bending losses in discrete quantum networks
We study theoretically the transfer of quantum information along bends in
two-dimensional discrete lattices. Our analysis shows that the fidelity of the
transfer decreases considerably, as a result of interactions in the
neighbourhood of the bend. It is also demonstrated that such losses can be
controlled efficiently by the inclusion of a defect. The present results are of
relevance to various physical implementations of quantum networks, where
geometric imperfections with finite spatial extent may arise as a result of
bending, residual stress, etc
Roll tracking effects of G-vector tilt and various types of motion washout
In a dogfight scenario, the task was to follow the target's roll angle while suppressing gust disturbances. All subjects adopted the same behavioral strategies in following the target while suppressing the gusts, and the MFP-fitted math model response was generally within one data symbol width. The results include the following: (1) comparisons of full roll motion (both with and without the spurious gravity tilt cue) with the static case. These motion cues help suppress disturbances with little net effect on the visual performance. Tilt cues were clearly used by the pilots but gave only small improvement in tracking errors. (2) The optimum washout (in terms of performance close to real world, similar behavioral parameters, significant motion attenuation (60 percent), and acceptable motion fidelity) was the combined attenuation and first-order washout. (3) Various trends in parameters across the motion conditions were apparent, and are discussed with respect to a comprehensive model for predicting adaptation to various roll motion cues
Antisymmetric multi-partite quantum states and their applications
Entanglement is a powerful resource for processing quantum information. In
this context pure, maximally entangled states have received considerable
attention. In the case of bipartite qubit-systems the four orthonormal
Bell-states are of this type. One of these Bell states, the singlet Bell-state,
has the additional property of being antisymmetric with respect to particle
exchange. In this contribution we discuss possible generalizations of this
antisymmetric Bell-state to cases with more than two particles and with
single-particle Hilbert spaces involving more than two dimensions. We review
basic properties of these totally antisymmetric states. Among possible
applications of this class of states we analyze a new quantum key sharing
protocol and methods for comparing quantum states
On the generalization of quantum state comparison
We investigate the unambiguous comparison of quantum states in a scenario
that is more general than the one that was originally suggested by Barnett et
al. First, we find the optimal solution for the comparison of two states taken
from a set of two pure states with arbitrary a priori probabilities. We show
that the optimal coherent measurement is always superior to the optimal
incoherent measurement. Second, we develop a strategy for the comparison of two
states from a set of N pure states, and find an optimal solution for some
parameter range when N=3. In both cases we use the reduction method for the
corresponding problem of mixed state discrimination, as introduced by Raynal et
al., which reduces the problem to the discrimination of two pure states only
for N=2. Finally, we provide a necessary and sufficient condition for
unambiguous comparison of mixed states to be possible.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, Proposition 1 corrected, appendix adde
Scattering quantum random-walk search with errors
We analyze the realization of a quantum-walk search algorithm in a passive,
linear optical network. The specific model enables us to consider the effect of
realistic sources of noise and losses on the search efficiency. Photon loss
uniform in all directions is shown to lead to the rescaling of search time.
Deviation from directional uniformity leads to the enhancement of the search
efficiency compared to uniform loss with the same average. In certain cases
even increasing loss in some of the directions can improve search efficiency.
We show that while we approach the classical limit of the general search
algorithm by introducing random phase fluctuations, its utility for searching
is lost. Using numerical methods, we found that for static phase errors the
averaged search efficiency displays a damped oscillatory behaviour that
asymptotically tends to a non-zero value.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures. Two figures added for clarity, also made
improvements to the tex
The Impact of Situational Constraints, Role Stressors, and Commitment on Employee Altruism
This study investigated relations between 3 work-related stressors (role ambiguity, role conflict, and organizational constraints) and altruistic behavior in the workplace. It was predicted that each stressor would be negatively related to altruism and that these relations would be moderated by affective commitment (AC). Data from 144 incumbent-supervisor dyads revealed that all 3 stressors; were weakly and negatively related to altruism. Two of these relationships were moderated by AC, although not as predicted. Organizational constraints were positively related to altruism among those reporting high levels of AC but negatively related among those reporting low levels of AC. The pattern was exactly opposite for role conflict. Implications of these findings are discussed
Using rewards and penalties to obtain desired subject performance
Operant conditioning procedures, specifically the use of negative reinforcement, in achieving stable learning behavior is described. The critical tracking test (CTT) a method of detecting human operator impairment was tested. A pass level is set for each subject, based on that subject's asymptotic skill level while sober. It is critical that complete training take place before the individualized pass level is set in order that the impairment can be detected. The results provide a more general basis for the application of reward/penalty structures in manual control research
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