Origin of 21+2_1^+ Excitation Energy Dependence on Valence Nucleon Numbers

It has been shown recently that a simple formula in terms of the valence nucleon numbers and the mass number can describe the essential trends of excitation energies of the first $2^+$ states in even-even nuclei. By evaluating the first order energy shift due to the zero-range residual interaction, we find that the factor which reflects the effective particle number participating in the interaction from the Fermi orbit governs the main dependence of the first $2^+$ excitation energy on the valence nucleon numbers.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

Diffusion in a continuum model of self-propelled particles with alignment interaction

In this paper, we provide the $O(\epsilon)$ corrections to the hydrodynamic model derived by Degond and Motsch from a kinetic version of the model by Vicsek & coauthors describing flocking biological agents. The parameter $\epsilon$ stands for the ratio of the microscopic to the macroscopic scales. The $O(\epsilon)$ corrected model involves diffusion terms in both the mass and velocity equations as well as terms which are quadratic functions of the first order derivatives of the density and velocity. The derivation method is based on the standard Chapman-Enskog theory, but is significantly more complex than usual due to both the non-isotropy of the fluid and the lack of momentum conservation

Evolution of breast cancer therapeutics: Breast tumour kinase’s role in breast cancer and hope for breast tumour kinase targeted therapy

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). © 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.There have been significant improvements in the detection and treatment of breast cancer in recent decades. However, there is still a need to develop more effective therapeutic techniques that are patient specific with reduced toxicity leading to further increases in patients’ overall survival; the ongoing progress in understanding recurrence, resistant and spread also needs to be maintained. Better understanding of breast cancer pathology, molecular biology and progression as well as identification of some of the underlying factors involved in breast cancer tumourgenesis and metastasis has led to the identification of novel therapeutic targets. Over a number of years interest has risen in breast tumour kinase (Brk) also known as protein tyrosine kinase 6; the research field has grown and Brk has been described as a desirable therapeutic target in relation to tyrosine kinase inhibition as well as disruption of its kinase independent activity. This review will outline the current “state of play” with respect to targeted therapy for breast cancer, as well as discussing Brk’s role in the processes underlying tumour development and metastasis and its potential as a therapeutic target in breast cancer

Interplay of charge, spin and lattice degrees of freedom on the spectral properties of the one-dimensional Hubbard-Holstein model

We calculate the spectral function of the one dimensional Hubbard-Holstein model using the time dependent Density Matrix Renormalization Group (tDMRG), focusing on the regime of large local Coulomb repulsion, and away from electronic half-filling. We argue that, from weak to intermediate electron-phonon coupling, phonons interact only with the electronic charge, and not with the spin degrees of freedom. For strong electron-phonon interaction, spinon and holon bands are not discernible anymore and the system is well described by a spinless polaronic liquid. In this regime, we observe multiple peaks in the spectrum with an energy separation corresponding to the energy of the lattice vibrations (i.e., phonons). We support the numerical results by introducing a well controlled analytical approach based on Ogata-Shiba's factorized wave-function, showing that the spectrum can be understood as a convolution of three contributions, originating from charge, spin, and lattice sectors. We recognize and interpret these signatures in the spectral properties and discuss the experimental implications.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure

Immigration Background and the Intergenerational Correlation in Education

This paper analyzes the degree of intergenerational education mobility among immigrant and native-born youth in Australia. We find that young Australians from non-English-speaking background (NESB) immigrant families have an educational advantage over their English-speaking background (ESB) immigrant and Australian-born peers. Moreover, while highly-educated Australian-born mothers and fathers transfer separate and roughly equal educational advantages to their children, outcomes for ESB (NESB) youth are most closely linked to the educational attainment of their fathers (mothers). On balance, intergenerational mobility in families with two highly-educated parents appears to be much the same for Australian-born and ESB families and is somewhat greater for NESB families. Finally, the greater importance that NESB mothers attribute to education appears to mitigate the educational penalty associated with socio-economic disadvantage.education, immigration, intergenerational