The Competitiveness of Soybean Production in Blitar-East Java, Indonesia

In East Java Province, the government still provides subsidy to soybean production in the form of soft credit to production inputs. Since the government budget and subsidy have been limited, efficiency in production, marketing and trade become crucial issues. The conducted research will try to achieve some research objectives as follows: Analyzing soybean farmer income in the Blitar District at the different cropping system; Obtaining analysis on comparative advantage and competitive-ness of soybean by different cropping system; analyzing influences of social price changes to farmers income due to public investment; and analyzing government policy impact on farmers income due to market/actual price development. The research uses Policy Analysis Matrix to obtain competitiveness rate, efficiency and impact of government policy on soybean production under multi-cropping system and different ecological zones in the Blitar district

Role of Participation and Awareness to Cooperative in Common Property Institution Management: a Case Study of Forest in Aceh, Indonesia

- This paper reviews some of the central concerns and findings of writings on forests as they related to the theoretical ambitions of commons scholars, and to efforts to govern forests more sustainably and equitably in Aceh. The review is especially important in the context of unfolding efforts to govern forests in new ways over the past three decades cause conflict between Government Republic of Indonesia and Free of Aceh Movement. However, as important as the review is an assessment of the achievements of this literature, existing blind spots, and potential new areas of exciting research and investigation. The review suggests specific areas in relation to methods, data, and theories of common property that will advance the field further. It would be no exaggeration to say that the study of forests as commons has been central to the development of scholarship on common property. Equally certainly, the interest in forests has generated a vast corpus of research outside the field of common property. The magnitude, variety, and depth of this body of research is an accurate reflection of the many different ways in which forests have been and continue to be central to human survival, livelihoods, and prosperity. Keyword : Free of Aceh Movement, Government Republic of Indonesia, common property, conflictPaper Type : Research Pape

THE EFFECTS OF PALMVITEE ON HUMAN NASAL SEPTAL CHONDROCYTES CULTURE EXPANSION AND CARTILAGE RECONSTRUCTION

Palmvitee may act as a beneficial supplement to cartilage tissue engineering which is currently still has certain limitation on chondrocyte expansion and dedifferentiation. Our objectives in thisstudy were to evaluate the effects of Palmvitee on the growth kinetic and phenotype gene expression of human nasal septal chondrocytesin monolayer expansion as well as cartilage reconstruction via tissue engineering technology. Human chondrocytes were cultured inmediums containing various Palmvitee concentrations. Among the different test groups, the medium containing Palmvitee at 3 μg/ml supported the highest chondrocyte growth rate. The gene expression in monolayer chondrocytes culture supplemented with 3 μg/ml Palmviteedemonstrated similar results as in control. Cultured chondrocytes from the medium added with 3 μg/ml Palmvitee were then mixed with Pluronic F127 for cartilage reconstruction in nude mice model. Palmvitee supplementation supported the engineered cartilage development as shown in the histological and gene expression analysis on engineered tissue after 8 weeks of implantation. Therefore, Palmvitee at 3 μg/ml is beneficial for the human nasal septal chondrocytes monolayer expansion and cartilage engineering

THE EFFECTS OF PALMVITEE ON HUMAN NASAL SEPTAL CHONDROCYTES CULTURE EXPANSION AND CARTILAGE RECONSTRUCTION

Palmvitee may act as a beneficial supplement to cartilage tissue engineering which is currently still has certain limitation on chondrocyte expansion and dedifferentiation. Our objectives in thisstudy were to evaluate the effects of Palmvitee on the growth kinetic and phenotype gene expression of human nasal septal chondrocytesin monolayer expansion as well as cartilage reconstruction via tissue engineering technology. Human chondrocytes were cultured inmediums containing various Palmvitee concentrations. Among the different test groups, the medium containing Palmvitee at 3 μg/ml supported the highest chondrocyte growth rate. The gene expression in monolayer chondrocytes culture supplemented with 3 μg/ml Palmviteedemonstrated similar results as in control. Cultured chondrocytes from the medium added with 3 μg/ml Palmvitee were then mixed with Pluronic F127 for cartilage reconstruction in nude mice model. Palmvitee supplementation supported the engineered cartilage development as shown in the histological and gene expression analysis on engineered tissue after 8 weeks of implantation. Therefore, Palmvitee at 3 μg/ml is beneficial for the human nasal septal chondrocytes monolayer expansion and cartilage engineering